Head, Neck, Ears, Eyes, Lymph, Nose, and Sinuses
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Transcript of Head, Neck, Ears, Eyes, Lymph, Nose, and Sinuses
Head, Neck, Ears, Eyes, Lymph, Nose, and Sinuses
Week 2 Allegra + Roberta
Terms for week 2Important should recognize
Head and Neck Hydrocephalus-obstruction of drainage of
cerebrospinal fluid (CCF) resulting in excessive accumulation, intracranial pressure, and enlarged head
Bell’s palsy-a lower motor neuron lesion, producing cranial nerve VII paralysis, which is almost always unilateral (one side)
Cachectic- suffering from malnutrition Cephalhematoma- A collection of blood due to an
effusion of blood beneath the periosteum frequently in a newborn as a result of birth trauma
Cont.
Lymphadenopathy-swelling of lymph nodes
Macrocephaly- abnormally large head
Mircocephaly- abnormally small head Acromegaly-excessive secretion of
growth hormone from the pituitary after puberty creates enlarged skull and thickened cranial bones.
Eye Glaucoma-increased intraocular
pressure = decrease in peripheral vision
Cataracts-An ocular opacity, partial or complete, of one or both eyes, on or in the lens or capsule, especially an opacity impairing vision or causing blindness.
Hyperopia- farsightedness, focus is behind the retina
Myopia- nearsightedness, focus is in front of the retina
Cont. Accommodation- Adjustment,
especially that of the eye for various distances resulting in pupil constriction or dilatation
Astigmatism- A visual disturbance caused by an error in the refraction of light within the eye
Blepharitis- inflammation of eyelids
entropion- lower lid rolls in because of spasm of lids or scar tissues contracting
canthus- angle of the eye corneal abrasion- using
florescent stain a yellow-green branching. The top layer of the corneal epithelium is removed from scratches or poorly fitting or over worn contacts.
conjunctivitis-infection of the conjunctiva “pink eye” common bacterial or viral infection due to allergy or chemical irritation
Cont. floaters- One or more spots
that appear to drift in front of the eye, caused by a shadow cast on the retina by vitreous debris or separation of the vitreous humour from the retina.
nystagmus- An involuntary rapid, rhythmic movement of the eyeball, which may be horizontal, vertical, rotatory or mixed
diplopia- perception of two picures from a single object, double vision.
exopthalmos- is a forward displacement of the eyeballs and widened palpebral fissures
periorbial edema- lids are swollen and puffy
photophobia- An abnormal visual intolerance of light
ptosis- drooping under the lid due to neuromuscular weakness
Cont. purulent- Consisting of or
containing pus ectropion- lower lid is loose and
rolling out, does not approximate to eyeball, results in excess tearing
strabismus- A deviation of the eye which the patient cannot overcome
Presbiopia- It is due to rigidity of the crystalline lens, which produce difficulty of accommodation and recession of the near point of vision, so that objects very near the eyes can not be seen distinctly without the use of convex glasses
Nose Epistaxis- most
common site for nosebleeds
Rhinitis- clear watery discharge, accompanied by sneezing and swollen mucosa, and nasal obstruction.
Sinusitis-facial pain, after upper respiratory infection
Ear Auricle or pinna- movable
cartilage and skin Auditory meatus- also
known as auditory cannal it is the canal that secretes cerumen, a yellow waxy material that lubricates and protects the ear
Cerumen- The waxlike secretion found within the external meatus of the ear
Labyrinth- The internal ear
Mastoiditis- Inflammation of the mastoid antrum and cells
Myringotomy- The removal of fluid (often infected) from the middle ear space by creating a incision in the eardrum
Cont. Otitis media- amber
yellow drum suggests serum in middle ear that transudates to relive negative pressure from the blocked eustacharian tube, “glue ear”
Presbycusis- Progressive bilateral loss of hearing that occurs in the aged
Tinnitus- A noise in the ears, as ringing, buzsing, roaring, clicking, etc
Tragus- The prominence in front of the external opening of the ear
Vertigo- An illusion of movement, or as if he himself were revolving in space
Lymphatic'sRegional
Major Lymphatic's Jugulodigastric- under the
angle of the mandible Superficial cervical-
overlying the sternomastoid muscle
Deep cervical- under sternomastoid muscle
Posterior cervical- posterior triangle along edge of trapezium muscle
Supraclavicular- above and behind the clavicle, at sternomastoid muscle
Cont. Preauricular- front of ear Posterior auricular-
superficial to the mastloid process behind ear
Occipital- at base of the skull
Submental- midline behind the tip of the mandible
Submandibular- halfway between the angle and the tip of the mandible
Order of events: Submental- under chin Submandibular- between angle and tip of
mandible Jugulodigasric- under angle Preauricularis-front of ear Postauricularis- behind ear Occipital- base of skull Superficial cervical- sternomastloid muscle Posterior cervical- posterior triangle Deep cervicle- under sterno mastoid Supraclavicular- impression behind the clavicle.
Exposure to the Jarvison-line resources http://evolvels.elsevier.com/section/default.asp?id=1313%5Fglobal%5F0001