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Transcript of hdiuhc
SUBMITTED TO: ER. HARPREET SINGH H.O.D OF EE DEPARTMENT
SUBMITTED BY: SHASHIKANT BHARDWAJ B-TECH 4TH YEAR EE
INTRODUCTION OF PLCC
IN PLCC EHV POWER LINE IS USED FOR POWERSYSTEM COMMUNICATIONS THE PLCC HF SIGNALS (30-500KHZ) IS COUPLED TO THE EHV POWER LINE THROUGH COUPLING CAPCITOR IT IS USED FOR SPEECH AND DATA TRANSFERING IT IS ALSO USED FOR THE LINE PROTECTION HIGHLY RELIABLE COMMUNICATION SYSTEM MAINTENANCE FREE LESS INSTALLALTION COST NO RUNNING EXPENDITURE
Power Line Carrier Communication System
LTPower Line (50Hz)
CCRF carrier (40-500kHz)
PAX
RTU PLCC
TERMINAL
Transmission line3
TYPES OF COMMUNICATIONS WIRELESS COMMUNICATION 100 300 MHZ
POWERLINE CARRIER COMMUNICATION 30-500 KHZ
MICROWAVE COMMUNICATION 800 MHZ 4 GHZ
SATELITE COMMUNICATION MORE THAN 4 GHZ
OPTICLE FIBRE COMMUNICATION
METHODS OF PLCC COUPLING THERE ARE DIFFERENT TYPES OF PLCC COUPLING SYSTEMS PHASE TO GROUND COUPLING PHASE TO PHASE COUPLING LINE TO LINE COUPLING INSULATED GROUND WIRE COUPLING INTRA BUNDLE COUPLING
POWERGRID IS ADOPTING MAINLY PHASE TO PHASE COUPLING FOR ALL THE LINES
OUTDOOR EQUIPMENT OF PLCC CAPCITOR VOLTAGE TRANSFORMER WAVE TRAP LINE MATCHING UNIT BALANCING TRANSORMER 3 ELEMENT PROTECTION DEVICE DRAINAGE COIL LIGHTNING ARRESTOR EARTH SWITCH
COAXIAL CABLE EHV TRANSMISSION LINE
INDOOR EQUIPMENT OF PLCC PLCC PANEL ABB-ETI 21, BPL-9505,WS-WSP100 & PUNCOM
PROTECTION COUPLER NSD60 & NSD61 OF ABB, 6710 OF BPL
DATA MODEM NSK3,NSK4 & NSK5 OF ABB
TELEPHONE EXCHANGE EPAX-200.3 & MDX50 OF BPL
EXPRESS TELEPHONE FOR POINT TO POINT COMMUNICATION
Line diagramSub-Stationbay-1To other S/S
Line Isolator
Circuit Breaker
Bus Isolator 1
Bus Isolator 2
Bus Bar #1 Bus Bar #2
Single Line digm
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ComponentsH.V Line
Line Trap
Coupling
capacitor
PLCC terminal
LMUCoaxial cable
PLCC Terminal = Translates voice and data into High Frequency Carrier. Output Power =10 to 80W LMU = Line Matching Unit = For impedance matching between line and coaxial cable, includes high voltage protection devices like drainage coil(20mH), lightening arrestor(500V) and an earth switch. Coupling Capacitor = Couples high frequency carrier with Power Line ( 4000 to10000pF) Line Trap = Do not allow the transmitted HF carrier to enter inside the sub-station. (L = 0.5 to 2mH) With out Line trap HF carrier get by-passed to some other line on the same bus bar and may leak to ground ( a earth switch inside the yard provided for each bay is kept closed during maintenance)9
Line trap function
= PLC signal BlockingHV LinePower energy
PLC Signal
Substation
Line Trap = High Impedance for PLC signal Low Impedance for Power energy
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CVT : CAPACITIVE VOLTAGE TRANSFORMER
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LMU functionLMU = impedance matching TransformerLine Trap
+ high voltage Protection To prevent dangerous potential on the PLCC connection To match PLCC set & transmission LineCoupling
Capacitor s/s LMU PLC
Coaxial
Matching
+
Protection
LMU12
LMU functional blocksHV -line
Substation
Line trap
Coupling capacitor Tx
ABB MCD 80
or
Coax cable
Rx
PLC Cabinet13
Function of PLCC terminal
IF
User Signal(0 to 4 kHz)H
AF IF
IF RF
PA
R.F Signal (40 to 500 kHz)H
User Side
AFA
RFAFIF IFgain
Line SideH= hybrid
RF
IF
Translation : User audio signals into radio Spectrum Amplification : To compensate the line attenuation14
APPLICATIONS IN POWERSYSTEMS SPEECH TELE PROTECTION TELE METERING TELE SIGNALLING TELE CONTROL TELE PRINTING WIDE AREA NETWORKING
Effect of bad weather on PLCC communicationLosses increase for all inclement weather conditions
The worst offender is when heavy frost is formed on the line
Because of the skin effect, the carrier signal tries to propagate on the ice instead of the conductor. The attenuation can change as much as 4:1 depending on the frequency.
The contaminats (on the insulators) have a larger effect when it is raining than when the line is dry. The worst condition is a light rain with the presence of contaminants on the insulators
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