HCP 210 Reading 4
-
Upload
papillon1211 -
Category
Documents
-
view
213 -
download
0
Transcript of HCP 210 Reading 4
-
7/31/2019 HCP 210 Reading 4
1/7
calcitonin Miacalcin polypeptide hormone 200 IU ml spray
northindrone/ethinyl Ortho-Novum oral contraceptive multiple tabestradiol
felodipine Plendil calcium channel blocker 2.5, 5, 10 mg tab
promethazine/codeine Pherergan/Codeine racemic 25, 50 mcg ml injection
nitroglycerin Nitroquick vasodilator 5 mg ml injection
spironolactone Aldactone aldosterone antagonist 25, 50, 100 mg tab
terazosin Hytrin adrenoceptor blocker 1 mg cap
finasteride Proscar steroid inhibitor 5 mg tab
irbesartan/HCTZ Avalide angiotensin receptor tabantagonist/diuretic
desogestrel/ethinyl Kariva oral contraceptive multiple tab
estradiol Ortho-Cept-12 oral contraceptive multiple tab
& 28norgestrel/ethinyl Low-Ogestrel oral contraceptive multiple tabestradiol
tobramycin/ Tobradex optical antibiotic/steroid 0.3 mg ml, 0.3 mg g suspension,dexamethasone ointment
mirtazapine Remeron tetracycline antibiotic 15, 30 mg tab
oxycodone/ Roxicet analgesic, antipyretic capacetaminophen
oxycodone/ Percocet analgesic, antipyretic capacetaminophen
ipratropium Atrovent anticholinergic 0.2% inhalant
bronchodilatorpropranolol Inderal beta-adrenergic blocker 10, 20, 40, 60, 80 mg tab
nifedipine Nifediac CC calcium channel blocker 30, 60, 90 mg tab
desogestrel/ethinyl Apri oral contraceptive multiple tabestradiol
5005
mg
5005
mg
>>
30012.5
15012.5 ,
>
>
>
118 Chapter Six Top 200 Drugs
TABLE 6-1 Top 200 Drugs (continued)
Generic Name Trade Name Class and Use Strength and Form
Drug OriginsDrugs are derived from five sources: plants, animals, minerals, synthesis, andbioengineering.
PLANTS
Our ancestors long ago discovered that the roots, leaves, and seeds of certainplants had the ability to cure illness, ease pain, and affect the mind. Todaymany drugs are still made from plant parts. A few examples are opium, bel-ladonna, vitamin C, and digitalis.
ISBN:0-536-08854-3
The Pharmacy Technician Series: Fundamentals of Pharmacy Practice, by Mike Johnston.Published by Prentice Hall. Copyright 2006 by Pearson Education, Inc.
-
7/31/2019 HCP 210 Reading 4
2/7
Chapter Six Top 200 Drugs 119
ANIMALS
Drugs of animal origin are prepared by extracting natural substances, such ashormones, from animal tissue and organs. Insulin, for example, is extractedfrom the pancreas of cattle and pigs. Heparin, which is used to reduce the for-mation of blood clots, is taken from the intestinal linings of cattle and pigs.
MINERALS
Iron, iodine, calcium, and sodium chloride (salt) are examples of mineralsused in drug therapy. They come from rocks and crystals found in nature.
SYNTHESIS
Many drugs are made in a laboratory through chemical processes. An exampleis omeprazole (Prilosec), a drug used to treat GERD and other acid-relatedconditions.
BIOENGINEERING
Biogenetic engineering methods involve patching together DNA material fromdifferent organisms in order to produce drugs and drug products. Examples arevaccines and HGH (human growth hormone).
Drug UsesThe study of drugs will give you an understanding of drug therapy. This willbe helpful as you function as a pharmacy technician in a pharmacy practice
setting. Drugs are used in both healthy and sick individuals. The four mostcommon uses of drugs are disease prevention, treatment, diagnosis, andcure. Two additional uses are contraceptives and maintenance.
Disease prevention involves the administration of drugs, such as vac-cines, that inoculate the body against disease germs. Health maintenance isclosely related to disease prevention. Drugs such as vitamins and insulin aregiven to help keep the body healthy and strong or to keep the body systemsfunctioning normally.
Treating disease means relieving the symptoms while the bodys naturaldisease-fighting mechanisms do their work. Aspirin and antihistamines areexamples of drugs used to treat disease symptoms. Curing disease generallymeans eliminating disease-causing germs. Antibiotics such as penicillin are
used to help cure disease.Diagnostic drugs are prescribed to enable physicians to determine whether
disease is present. For example, radiopaque dye, a dye that shows up on fluoro-scope or x-rays, is administered to detect gall bladder and thyroid malfunctions.
Contraceptive drugs are used in the prevention of pregnancy. They workby controlling fertility. Drugs often have more than one use; some drugs havethe ability to prevent, cure, or treat disease.
ISBN:0-536-08854-3
The Pharmacy Technician Series: Fundamentals of Pharmacy Practice, by Mike Johnston.Published by Prentice Hall. Copyright 2006 by Pearson Education, Inc.
-
7/31/2019 HCP 210 Reading 4
3/7
120 Chapter Six Top 200 Drugs
Chemical Name
Figure 6-1 The chemical
name of a drug (Courtesy
of GlaxoSmithKline)
Drug NamesAll drugs have more than one name, in fact, most have at least four: a chemicalname, a generic name, an official name, and one or more trade names.
CHEMICAL NAMEThis name describes the chemical structure of the drug. It usually is verylong and complicated (Figure 6-1).
ISBN:0-536-08854-3
The Pharmacy Technician Series: Fundamentals of Pharmacy Practice, by Mike Johnston.Published by Prentice Hall. Copyright 2006 by Pearson Education, Inc.
-
7/31/2019 HCP 210 Reading 4
4/7
Chapter Six Top 200 Drugs 121
Generic Name
Figure 6-2 The generic
name for a drug (Courtesy
of GlaxoSmithKline)
GENERIC NAME
This is the name given to a drug by the manufacturer (with input from vari-ous regulatory agencies) before the drug becomes officially recognized. Itgives some information about the chemical makeup of the drug, but not asmuch as its chemical name (Figure 6-2). The generic name is established by
the United States Adopted Names (USAN) Council. Generic is also a termused for the non-brand-name drug.
ISBN:0-536-08854-3
The Pharmacy Technician Series: Fundamentals of Pharmacy Practice, by Mike Johnston.Published by Prentice Hall. Copyright 2006 by Pearson Education, Inc.
-
7/31/2019 HCP 210 Reading 4
5/7
122 Chapter Six Top 200 Drugs
Official Name
Figure 6-3 The official
name for a drug is often
the same as the generic
name (Courtesy of
GlaxoSmithKline)
OFFICIAL NAME
This is the name under which the drug is listed in the USP/NF (United StatesPharmacopeia/National Formulary). It is usually, but not always, the same asthe generic name (Figure 6-3).
TRADE NAME
Also known as the brand or proprietary name, the trade name is the nameunder which a drug is sold by a specific manufacturer (Figure 6-4). Thename is owned by the drug company, and no other company may use it.A drug manufactured by several companies may be known by several differ-ent trade names. Keep in mind, however, that although a drug may have sev-eral trade names, it can only have one generic name.
As a phar-
macy techni-
cian, you will
need to be familiar with
the trade name of each
drug and the generic
names for those commer-
cially available. Dont
worrywith time, this
will become firsthand
knowledge. Until then,
you can use a pocket,
brandgeneric reference
guide.
WORKPLACE
WISDOM
WW
ISBN:0-536-08854-3
The Pharmacy Technician Series: Fundamentals of Pharmacy Practice, by Mike Johnston.Published by Prentice Hall. Copyright 2006 by Pearson Education, Inc.
-
7/31/2019 HCP 210 Reading 4
6/7
Chapter Six Top 200 Drugs 123
Trade Name
Figure 6-4 The trade
name of a drug (Courtesy
of GlaxoSmithKline)
CONCLUSIONA solid understanding and knowledge of the Top 200 drugs is not only nec-essary for the certification exam, it is paramount to being a quality pharmacytechnician. If you have difficulty learning this information, make a set offlash cards. Then review, review, and review.
ISBN:0-536-08854-3
The Pharmacy Technician Series: Fundamentals of Pharmacy Practice, by Mike Johnston.Published by Prentice Hall. Copyright 2006 by Pearson Education, Inc.
-
7/31/2019 HCP 210 Reading 4
7/7
124 Chapter Six Top 200 Drugs
CHAPTER REVIEW QUESTIONS
CHAPTER
6
1.Which of the following drugs originates froman animal?
a. Prilosec c. heparin
b. belladonna d. iron
2. The official name of a drug is provided by:
a. USP c. the manufacturer
b. USAN d. the FDA
3.Which of the following drugs originates froma plant?
a. Prilosec c. heparin
b. belladonna d. iron
4. The generic name of a drug is provided by:
a. USP c. the manufacturer
b. USAN d. the FDA
5. Drugs are used to:
a. cure c. diagnose
b. treat d. all of the above
MATCHING
6. promethazine _______
7. alprazolam _______
8. atenolol _______
9. furosemide_______
10. hydrocodone w/APAP _______
a. Xanax
b. Vicodin
c. Phenergan
d. Lasix
e. Tenormin
ISBN:0-536-08854-3
The Pharmacy Technician Series: Fundamentals of Pharmacy Practice, by Mike Johnston.Published by Prentice Hall. Copyright 2006 by Pearson Education, Inc.