HC Definition of Terms

8/21/2019 HC Definition of Terms

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Principles of Conservation

Adaptation – modifying a place to suit the existing use or a proposed use

Addition – a periodic activity: a modification, which involves the

introduction of new material

Aesthetic Value – encompasses works representing rare and outstandingcontributions in national architecture that are reflected in its

design, style, construction, and age. Other criteria may include

consideration of architectural design, form, scale, color, texture

material , used and the aesthetic value of a building or groups of

buildings that relates both to location and context.

Alteration – any act or process that changes one or more of the exterior

architectural features of a structure, including but not limited to,

the erection, construction, reconstruction, or removal of any

structure or part thereof.

Artifactual Value – sites of the highest cultural significance are to be

considered primarily as artifacts, demanding protection as

fragile and complex historical monuments

Associations – the special connections that exist between people and a

place

Authenticity – it is expressed in the concept of truth, that which is

authentic, certain and presents no doubt. Its goal of preserving

memory and its cultural manifestations to enrich culture and it

is beyond the material aspect. It is the affirmation of the socio-

cultural evolution of a nation or a place.

Carbonation – the process of loss of alkalinity, consequent corrosion of

reinforcement and deterioration of concrete




Compatible use – a use, which respects the cultural significance of a

place. Such a use involve no, or minimal, impact on cultural

significance

Conservation – all the process of looking after a place so as to retain itscultural significance. It is based on a respect for the existing

fabric, use, associations and meanings. It requires a cautious

approach of changing as much as necessary but as little as

possible. The traces of additions, alterations and earlier

treatments to the fabric of a place are evidence of its history and

uses, which may be part of its significance. Conservation action

should assist and not impede their understanding.

Contemporary Buildings – refers to structure within the historic site

built in the 1950’s but part of the historic layering of the

evolution of the site/place.

Contextual Value – that which conserves the authenticity in terms of its

socio-cultural, historical and aesthetic content of a site,

monument or landmark

Consolidation – is the physical addition or application of materials that

strengthen or support the actual fabric of the monument or

conservation building to ensure its continued durability or

structural integrity




Cultural Significance – means aesthetic, historic, scientific, social or

spiritual value for past, present or future generations. Cultural

significance is embodied in the place itself, its fabric, setting, use,

associations, meanings, records, related places, and relatedobjects. Places may have a range of values for different

individuals or groups.

Demolition – confined to actions, which reveal structures or

relationships of much greater significance than the structure

demolished or what will remove intrusions, which reduce the

significance of the building

Documentation Registry – a list of landmarks that are protected by

national or local legislation composed of buildings, groups of

buildings, sites, cultural landscapes of significance in national,

regional or local architecture archeology, engineering and

culture. Places included in the Register are considered

landmarks.

Dwell Time – the period of time for poultice and any other application of

chemical compounds is left to carry out its cleaning process

Educational Interpretation – appropriate ways of making the

significance of the place understood consistent with the

retention of that significance. This maybe a combination of the

treatment of the fabric, the use of the place and the use of

introduced interpretive material.




Educational Value – embraces the qualities of the place as a venue for

educational development and innovation

Efflorescence – a powdery deposit of crystals of various salts in the

surface of a masonry caused by free alkalis leached from mortaror adjacent concrete as moisture moves through it

Exfoliation – peeling, swelling, or scaling of stone or mineral surfaces in

thin layers caused by physical weathering

Fabric – means all the physical material of the place including

components, fixtures, contents, and objects

Facadism – a conservation approach, when a certain portion of the façade

of a historic structure is retained

Funding – a fund for the purpose of conservation, restoration,

preservation, reconstruction, and protection of built heritage

and all activities for the site

Gavlvanic Corrosion – an electro-chemical action which takes place

when two dissimilar metals are in contact in the presence of an

electrolyte, resulting in corrosion

Gardens/ Parks – refers to parks and landscapes within the site with

cultural significance

Grouting – injecting of fluid mortar or synthetic adhesive materials to fill

up voids, joints, cracks, and cracks on masonry works

Guidelines/ Standards – are building-specific directions based on the

overall Principles and Standards for preservation and

conservation




Historical Buildings – refers to a structure/s where significant

development or event occurred, categorized as a Historical

Shrine, Historical Monument and Historical landmarkHistorical Value – a place that has influenced, or has been influenced by,

a historic figure, event, phase, or activity

Identity – it is a way to belong and to participate. It is how we are capable

of finding a place, a name, an image, not by contrast but by

discovering links that tie us to those others with whom we share

one and the same culture

Integrity – structural and technological integrity must be respected and

will require attention to performance as well as appearance

Interpretation – means all the ways of presenting the cultural

significance of a place. Interpretation may be a combination of

the treatment of the fabric (e.g. maintenance, restoration,

reconstruction); the use of and activities at the place; and the use

of introduced explanatory material.

Intervention – involves maintenance, stabilization, repair, restoration,

reconstruction or adaptation, where appropriate, conservation

process may be applied to parts or components of a structure or

site

Intrusive Elements – a disruptive element of slight significance, which

tends to devaluate the significance of the other components




Landmarks – a property or structure designated as such by national

legislation pursuant to procedures prescribed by the designated

authority, that is worthy of rehabilitation, restoration and

preservation because of its historic and/or architecturalsignificance to Philippine culture.

Layering – refers to the components of a historic site or monument or

building that pertains to its historical evolution expressed either

in layout, style or materials

Maintenance – means the continuous protective care of the fabric and

setting of a place, and is to be distinguished from repair. Repair

involves restoration or reconstruction.

Management – a management structure through which the conservation

policy is capable of being implemented; identifying those

responsible for subsequent conservation management decisions

and the day to day management of the place; the mechanism by

which these decisions are to be made and recorded; and the

means of providing security and regular maintenance for the

place.

Meanings – denote what a place signifies, indicates, evokes or expresses

Monuments – are buildings, structures, sculptures, or historic sites of

national historical significance placed under the protection and

designation of appropriate authorities for which there is in force

a preservation order under national or local legislation.




Movable Structures – refers to non-permanent structure/s where

significant event occurred or significant personalities in context

with the cultural significance of the place

National Cultural Agencies – refers to the Cultural Center of the

Philippines, Records Management and Archives Office, National

Historic Institute, national Library, National Museum, National

Commission on Culture and Arts

Occupancy – refers to the intended use of the building or the character of

its occupants

Open Spaces – refers to open spaces within the site of historic

significance

Period Style – an architectural characteristics either interior or exterior

style representing a given era of cultural significance

Petrographic Analyses – the analysis of thin section of rocks/stone

under a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), to classify rock and

determine elements present in the sample

Poulticing technique – uses an inert powder which may be mixed with

water to form a stiff paste and applied to a lightly wetted surface,

the moisture absorbs the salts or efflorescence from the surface

of masonry once it dries and it is removed from the covered

surface

Preservation – means maintaining the fabric of a place in its existing

state and retarding deterioration




Protection – may involve stabilization; it must involve a continuing

program of maintenance

Reconstruction – means returning a place to a known earlier state and isdistinguished from restoration by the introduction of new

material into the fabric. New material may include recycled

material salvaged from other places. This should not be to the

detriment of any place of cultural significance.

Redevelopment – insertion of contemporary structures or additions

sympathetic to the setting

Rehabilitation - is the process of returning a property to a state of

utility, through repair, or alteration, which makes possible an

efficient contemporary use while preserving those portions and

features of the property which are significant to its historic,

architectural and cultural values.

Related Object – means an object that contributes to the cultural

significance of a place but is not at the place

Related Place – means a place that contributes to the cultural

significance of another place

Related Sources of Information – the contribution which related places

and related objects make to the cultural significance of the place

should be retained

Religious Value/ Sacred Value/ Symbolic Value – embrace the qualities

of which, as a site has become a focus for a spiritual and

religious practice




Repointing – the secondary application of mortar or neat finishing of

mortar joints which was executed with a point of a trowel or

other pointed tool

Restoration – means returning the existing fabric of a place to a knownearlier state by removing accretions or by reassembling existing

components without the introduction of a new material

Retention – means the maintenance of a particular component of a

historic site/ structure with cultural significance

Scaffolding – an elevated platform use to access the face of the structure

or to work or inspect elements above the ground

Scientific/ Technological Value – recognizing the rarity and quality of

technology available at the time of construction and to the

degree which a building, structure or monument reflects a

certain period

Setting – means the area around a place, which may include the visual

catchments

Social Value – embraces the qualities of which, as a site has become a

focus for spiritual, political or national cultural sentiment

Spalling – concrete deterioration indicated by small chips or fragments

removed from the surface of the masonry caused by action of

the elements

Stabilization – a periodic activity to halt deterioration and to put the

existing from and materials of a site into a state of equilibrium,

with minimal change




Stakeholders – people for whom the place has special associations and

meanings or who have social, spiritual or other cultural

responsibilities for the place

Stereophotogrammetry – a recording technique using photo mosaic in1:25 or 1:50 scale, use for the analyses of the condition and

measurement of historic building and its features

Structures – means any building, equipment, device or other facility

made by people and which is fixed to the land

Treatment – refers to the articulation and application of materials and

methods or systems of construction

Use – means the functions of a place, as well as the activities and practices

that may occur at the place

Vista – the panorama that includes the foreground and background

elements, either manmade or natural, which, are relevant to the

overall context of the view of a historic site/ structure

Visual Catchments – the visual inertia that refers to the orientation,

position and location of the structure/s natural or manmade

that makes the entourage unique in terms of aesthetic

significance

Zoning – means designated areas of use/ occupancy in a historic site or

building

HC Definition of Terms

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