DEFINISIHazard (AIChE)An inherent physical or chemical characteristic that has the potential for causing harm to people, property, or the environment. It is the combination of a hazardous material, an operating environment, and certain unplanned events that could result in an accident

Potensi BahayaKarakteristik fisik atau kimia yang melekat yang memiliki potensi untuk menyebabkan kerugian kepada orang-orang, properti, atau lingkungan

DEFINISIRiskRisk is usually defined as the combination of the severity and probability of a hazardous event. In other words, how often can it happen, and how bad is it when it does. Risk can be evaluated qualitatively or quantitatively

General physicalMoving objects.... falling brick, 10-ton truck, meteorite, asteroid?CollisionsCollapsing structuresFloods

Chemical and petroleumExplosionFireToxic materials releaseMechanical failuresWrong chemistry: creating the wrong substance through malfunction of the process

Mechanical plantPressure releasing effects: bursting vessels, jets of gas or liquid, cutting of pipes, thrust forces, noise, shock wavesVibrationRotating machines, eccentric forcesAbrasion, grinding, cuttingMachinery control failure. Cutters, presses, trapping of clothes, conveyor flaps, injection molding etcWelding torches, gases and arcs

MaterialsWrong identities, wrong sizesFailures due to stress, corrosion, cracking, chemical attack, fatigue

ElectricalFlashovers and bumsElectrocution, power switched on during maintenanceFires, meltdownsExplosion of switchgearPower dipsWrong connections, loose connections