Have you ever used clickers in a class? - CWSEI · COLTT CU 2009 Clicker Use in Upper-Level Courses...

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COLTT CU 2009 Clicker Use in Upper-Level Courses Univ. of Colorado A) Yes, lots B) Yes, occasionally C) Iʼm familiar with them, but havenʼt used them D) No, and Iʼm not really familiar with them E) Other/NA Have you ever used clickers in a class? Take a clicker & turn it on If the green light flashes, your vote has been counted

Transcript of Have you ever used clickers in a class? - CWSEI · COLTT CU 2009 Clicker Use in Upper-Level Courses...

Page 1: Have you ever used clickers in a class? - CWSEI · COLTT CU 2009 Clicker Use in Upper-Level Courses Univ. of Colorado “Clicker questions encourage me to pay attention in class as

COLTT CU 2009 Clicker Use in Upper-Level Courses Univ. of Colorado

A) Yes, lotsB) Yes, occasionallyC) Iʼm familiar with them, but havenʼt used

themD) No, and Iʼm not really familiar with themE) Other/NA

Have you ever used clickers in a class?

Take a clicker & turn it onIf the green light flashes,

your vote has been counted

Page 2: Have you ever used clickers in a class? - CWSEI · COLTT CU 2009 Clicker Use in Upper-Level Courses Univ. of Colorado “Clicker questions encourage me to pay attention in class as

COLTT CU 2009 Clicker Use in Upper-Level Courses Univ. of Colorado

Clickers inUpper-Division Courses

Stephanie V. ChasteenSteven PollockKathy Perkins

Physics Dept. and Science Education InitiativeUniversity of Colorado at Boulder

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COLTT CU 2009 Clicker Use in Upper-Level Courses Univ. of Colorado

CU Physics Education ResearchPhysics faculty:

Michael DubsonNoah FinkelsteinKathy Perkins*Steve PollockCarl Wieman*

*Science Education InitiativeWendy AdamsAnd 12 Teaching Fellows in 5 departments

Ph. D. students:Lauren KostChandra TurpenBen SpikeCharles Bailey

Postdocs:Stephanie Chasteen*Steven Goldhaber*Rachel Pepper*Noah Podolefsky

Non-PER participating facultyPaul Beale (chair)*Edward KinneyOliver DeWolfe+ working groups

Page 4: Have you ever used clickers in a class? - CWSEI · COLTT CU 2009 Clicker Use in Upper-Level Courses Univ. of Colorado “Clicker questions encourage me to pay attention in class as

COLTT CU 2009 Clicker Use in Upper-Level Courses Univ. of Colorado

Outline

• Step into our classroom…• Why use clickers in upper-division?• What does it look like?• Tips for success

Page 5: Have you ever used clickers in a class? - CWSEI · COLTT CU 2009 Clicker Use in Upper-Level Courses Univ. of Colorado “Clicker questions encourage me to pay attention in class as

COLTT CU 2009 Clicker Use in Upper-Level Courses Univ. of Colorado

A) Science teacher (University level)B) Non-science teacher (University level)C) Informal educatorD) Teacher (other)E) Administrator/support/other

(not teaching students)

What is your teaching role?

Page 6: Have you ever used clickers in a class? - CWSEI · COLTT CU 2009 Clicker Use in Upper-Level Courses Univ. of Colorado “Clicker questions encourage me to pay attention in class as

COLTT CU 2009 Clicker Use in Upper-Level Courses Univ. of Colorado

Step into our classroomSTEP INTO OUR CLASSROOM…

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COLTT CU 2009 Clicker Use in Upper-Level Courses Univ. of Colorado

CourseMech & Math IMech & Math IIEM IEM IIQM IQM IISolid StateStat MechOpticsGrad AMO

Sp04 Sp09

12 non-PER and 2 PER faculty

Upper-div Clickers at CU

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COLTT CU 2009 Clicker Use in Upper-Level Courses Univ. of Colorado

Example: Quantum Mech. I

Steven J. PollockPER researcher

3 semesters of transformed courseWith PER + non-PER co-teaching

Oliver DeWolfeString theorist

Video:Upperdivision use

10 years clicker user

Open-minded new user

???

Page 9: Have you ever used clickers in a class? - CWSEI · COLTT CU 2009 Clicker Use in Upper-Level Courses Univ. of Colorado “Clicker questions encourage me to pay attention in class as

COLTT CU 2009 Clicker Use in Upper-Level Courses Univ. of Colorado

Example: Quantum Mech. I

Page 10: Have you ever used clickers in a class? - CWSEI · COLTT CU 2009 Clicker Use in Upper-Level Courses Univ. of Colorado “Clicker questions encourage me to pay attention in class as

COLTT CU 2009 Clicker Use in Upper-Level Courses Univ. of Colorado

WHY USE CLICKERS IN UPPER DIVISION?

SP

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COLTT CU 2009 Clicker Use in Upper-Level Courses Univ. of Colorado

A) Attendance/quizzesB) focus on the conceptC) peer discussionD) feedback to the teacherE) something else

What’s the most important aspect of clickers?

Page 12: Have you ever used clickers in a class? - CWSEI · COLTT CU 2009 Clicker Use in Upper-Level Courses Univ. of Colorado “Clicker questions encourage me to pay attention in class as

COLTT CU 2009 Clicker Use in Upper-Level Courses Univ. of Colorado

What’s special about upper-div?

• Intellectually more sophisticated students• Faculty and student investment & identity• Complex physics

???

Page 13: Have you ever used clickers in a class? - CWSEI · COLTT CU 2009 Clicker Use in Upper-Level Courses Univ. of Colorado “Clicker questions encourage me to pay attention in class as

COLTT CU 2009 Clicker Use in Upper-Level Courses Univ. of Colorado

Why use clickers in upper-div?

Active engagement andpeer instruction is just asuseful for juniors as forfreshmen

If you have a misconceptionabout some basic physicalidea (yes, this does happen atthe upper-division), it showsglaringly here. -student

Page 14: Have you ever used clickers in a class? - CWSEI · COLTT CU 2009 Clicker Use in Upper-Level Courses Univ. of Colorado “Clicker questions encourage me to pay attention in class as

COLTT CU 2009 Clicker Use in Upper-Level Courses Univ. of Colorado

There is a time for telling

… but not too soon

Page 15: Have you ever used clickers in a class? - CWSEI · COLTT CU 2009 Clicker Use in Upper-Level Courses Univ. of Colorado “Clicker questions encourage me to pay attention in class as

COLTT CU 2009 Clicker Use in Upper-Level Courses Univ. of Colorado

Arguments against upper-div clickers

• Chews up time Ideas are complex• Discussion easy in small classes Students can still hide• Students are sophisticated learners Clickers used to aid learning• Students may resist But perhaps only initially…• Extra effort for faculty Question banks available if you want to try

???

Page 16: Have you ever used clickers in a class? - CWSEI · COLTT CU 2009 Clicker Use in Upper-Level Courses Univ. of Colorado “Clicker questions encourage me to pay attention in class as

COLTT CU 2009 Clicker Use in Upper-Level Courses Univ. of Colorado

Why use clickers? Students Learn More

Electricity & Magnetism: ComparedTraditional (no clickers) andTransformed classes (with clickers)

• Traditional Exams• Conceptual test (CUE)

SC

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COLTT CU 2009 Clicker Use in Upper-Level Courses Univ. of Colorado

0

10

20

30

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Trad IE2 IE3

Avera

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core

(%

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Assessing transformations: the CUE

IE/transformed courses

Development (PER-1)

Team teaching (PER-2 + 3)

3

CU Trad

CU IE

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COLTT CU 2009 Clicker Use in Upper-Level Courses Univ. of Colorado

Students Find Clickers Useful

0% 10% 20% 30% 40%

Pure lecturemuch more useful

Pure lecturemore useful

Same

Lecture with clickersmore useful

Lecture with clickersmuch more useful 79% of

students

12 courses, 264 student responsesUpper-div courses using clickers:

Q: How useful for your learning is the addition of clickerquestions compared to pure lecture with no clicker questions?

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COLTT CU 2009 Clicker Use in Upper-Level Courses Univ. of Colorado

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

Definitely notrecommended

Neutral

Recommended

HighlyRecommended

73% of students

Not recommended

Increases to 79% “ifused as suggested”

Students Recommend ClickersQ: Would you recommend using clickerquestions in upper-level physics courses?

12 courses, 267 student responsesUpper-div courses using clickers:

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COLTT CU 2009 Clicker Use in Upper-Level Courses Univ. of Colorado

A) Increases attendanceB) feedback to the teacherC) feedback to the studentsD) keeps students paying attentionE) something else

What’s the most important impact of clickers?

Page 21: Have you ever used clickers in a class? - CWSEI · COLTT CU 2009 Clicker Use in Upper-Level Courses Univ. of Colorado “Clicker questions encourage me to pay attention in class as

COLTT CU 2009 Clicker Use in Upper-Level Courses Univ. of Colorado

Wh

What do upper-division students think?

Code # of responses*(out of 70) %

Positives 64 91%Improved mastery 35 50%Type of Activity 31 44%

“For the clicker questions and discussion in this course,please explain why you felt they were particularly useful ornot useful for your learning”

Coded 70 responses over range of courses.

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COLTT CU 2009 Clicker Use in Upper-Level Courses Univ. of Colorado

“Clicker questions encourage me to pay attention in class as well as help me to come tofirm understanding of material through argument.”“They were useful because they were challenging but used the knowledge we justlearned in the lecture portion. They are a great way to go from hearing the information toactually using the information.”“It helps a lot to be able to check your understanding of the concepts before moving onto the next, especially when we're going over complex topics that we may not have seenbefore. Also, discussing the topic with others, as we did when a clicker question wasposed, is a great way to develop intuition and stay focused.”

Page 23: Have you ever used clickers in a class? - CWSEI · COLTT CU 2009 Clicker Use in Upper-Level Courses Univ. of Colorado “Clicker questions encourage me to pay attention in class as

COLTT CU 2009 Clicker Use in Upper-Level Courses Univ. of Colorado

Wh

What do upper-division students think?

Code # of responses*(out of 70) %

Positives 64 91%Improved mastery 35 50%Type of Activity 31 44%Active processing/activity 44 63%Discussion with others 20 29%Feedback to students 20 29%Time/pause to think, OR Immediacy 18 26%Engagement 16 23%

Page 24: Have you ever used clickers in a class? - CWSEI · COLTT CU 2009 Clicker Use in Upper-Level Courses Univ. of Colorado “Clicker questions encourage me to pay attention in class as

COLTT CU 2009 Clicker Use in Upper-Level Courses Univ. of Colorado

Quantum Mech: Before clickers

They are quite time consuming, and there is a lot of material tobe covered.

The class is small enough that if you don’t understandsomething you can ask the professor to clarify.

-students in non-clicker QMII course

Page 25: Have you ever used clickers in a class? - CWSEI · COLTT CU 2009 Clicker Use in Upper-Level Courses Univ. of Colorado “Clicker questions encourage me to pay attention in class as

COLTT CU 2009 Clicker Use in Upper-Level Courses Univ. of Colorado

Student’s can’t predict value

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

Definitely notrecommended

Not recommended

Neutral

Recommended

HighlyRecommend

Q: Would you recommend using clickerquestions in upper-level physics courses?

In highly rated pure lecture, No clickers (QM II, n=17)Add Clickers (QM I, n=30)Missing clickers? (EM II, n=16)

Page 26: Have you ever used clickers in a class? - CWSEI · COLTT CU 2009 Clicker Use in Upper-Level Courses Univ. of Colorado “Clicker questions encourage me to pay attention in class as

COLTT CU 2009 Clicker Use in Upper-Level Courses Univ. of Colorado

WHAT DOES IT LOOK LIKE?WHAT DOES IT LOOK LIKE?

Page 27: Have you ever used clickers in a class? - CWSEI · COLTT CU 2009 Clicker Use in Upper-Level Courses Univ. of Colorado “Clicker questions encourage me to pay attention in class as

COLTT CU 2009 Clicker Use in Upper-Level Courses Univ. of Colorado

What does it look like?

• A range of courses• Depends on faculty:

– # of questions per lecture– Timing of questions– Amount and character of peer discussion– Depth of questions

Page 28: Have you ever used clickers in a class? - CWSEI · COLTT CU 2009 Clicker Use in Upper-Level Courses Univ. of Colorado “Clicker questions encourage me to pay attention in class as

COLTT CU 2009 Clicker Use in Upper-Level Courses Univ. of Colorado

Example: Quantum IVideo (1 m) - what do upp div clicker questions look like?

Page 29: Have you ever used clickers in a class? - CWSEI · COLTT CU 2009 Clicker Use in Upper-Level Courses Univ. of Colorado “Clicker questions encourage me to pay attention in class as

COLTT CU 2009 Clicker Use in Upper-Level Courses Univ. of Colorado

Students’ recommendation for implementation

# of Qs per lecture: 2-5 [2-3 (62%); 4-5+ (21%)]

Timing: Interspersed with lecture (87%)

Peer-discussion: Allow and encourage (80%)

Preferred response mode: 93% prefer peer discussion as part of response93% prefer peer discussion as part of response 64% prefer some time for individual thinking prior to peer discussion 64% prefer some time for individual thinking prior to peer discussion

N=11 courses, 224 responses

Page 30: Have you ever used clickers in a class? - CWSEI · COLTT CU 2009 Clicker Use in Upper-Level Courses Univ. of Colorado “Clicker questions encourage me to pay attention in class as

COLTT CU 2009 Clicker Use in Upper-Level Courses Univ. of Colorado

Completely useless

Mostly useless

Somewhat useful

Useful

Very useful

Challenging conceptual

Recalling a previous fact

Recalling a recent fact

Plugging numbers into equation

Types of clicker questions:

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60%% of students

How useful for learning?91%35%36%18%

N=4 courses, 66 students

Preferred types of questions

Page 31: Have you ever used clickers in a class? - CWSEI · COLTT CU 2009 Clicker Use in Upper-Level Courses Univ. of Colorado “Clicker questions encourage me to pay attention in class as

COLTT CU 2009 Clicker Use in Upper-Level Courses Univ. of Colorado

Tips for Success

• Tell students why youʼre using clickers• Ask challenging questions• Tie the questions to the lecture• Make environment comfortable to talk

Page 32: Have you ever used clickers in a class? - CWSEI · COLTT CU 2009 Clicker Use in Upper-Level Courses Univ. of Colorado “Clicker questions encourage me to pay attention in class as

COLTT CU 2009 Clicker Use in Upper-Level Courses Univ. of Colorado

Types of questions• Video (1 min) writing upper division questions

Page 33: Have you ever used clickers in a class? - CWSEI · COLTT CU 2009 Clicker Use in Upper-Level Courses Univ. of Colorado “Clicker questions encourage me to pay attention in class as

COLTT CU 2009 Clicker Use in Upper-Level Courses Univ. of Colorado

Example Questions

• Conceptual• Math/Physics

connection• Application of

ideas• Step in calculation,

proof, derivation

SP

Page 34: Have you ever used clickers in a class? - CWSEI · COLTT CU 2009 Clicker Use in Upper-Level Courses Univ. of Colorado “Clicker questions encourage me to pay attention in class as

COLTT CU 2009 Clicker Use in Upper-Level Courses Univ. of Colorado

Questions: Fundamentals

61% correct

30% correct (60%voting “C”) beforediscussion - then 60%correct

Page 35: Have you ever used clickers in a class? - CWSEI · COLTT CU 2009 Clicker Use in Upper-Level Courses Univ. of Colorado “Clicker questions encourage me to pay attention in class as

COLTT CU 2009 Clicker Use in Upper-Level Courses Univ. of Colorado

Questions: Conceptual

80% correct

74% correct(“Need more info”)

Page 36: Have you ever used clickers in a class? - CWSEI · COLTT CU 2009 Clicker Use in Upper-Level Courses Univ. of Colorado “Clicker questions encourage me to pay attention in class as

COLTT CU 2009 Clicker Use in Upper-Level Courses Univ. of Colorado

Questions: “Next step”

• Next step– Derivation– Proof– Calculation

Part of generalized uncertaintyprinciple proof in QM

84% correct

Page 37: Have you ever used clickers in a class? - CWSEI · COLTT CU 2009 Clicker Use in Upper-Level Courses Univ. of Colorado “Clicker questions encourage me to pay attention in class as

COLTT CU 2009 Clicker Use in Upper-Level Courses Univ. of Colorado

Questions: “Application”• Application

– Of abstract idea– To new situation– To real-world– Variations on a theme

Mostly correct, but good discussions

Page 38: Have you ever used clickers in a class? - CWSEI · COLTT CU 2009 Clicker Use in Upper-Level Courses Univ. of Colorado “Clicker questions encourage me to pay attention in class as

COLTT CU 2009 Clicker Use in Upper-Level Courses Univ. of Colorado

Questions: Math/Physics

• Math/Physics– Apply mathematics to a physical situation– Translate physical situation into math

UnderstandingE=-(grad)V

Page 39: Have you ever used clickers in a class? - CWSEI · COLTT CU 2009 Clicker Use in Upper-Level Courses Univ. of Colorado “Clicker questions encourage me to pay attention in class as

COLTT CU 2009 Clicker Use in Upper-Level Courses Univ. of Colorado

Resources

• PER course materials for Quantum and E&Mhttp://www.colorado.edu/sei/departments/physics.htm

• Clicker videos and todayʼs talk atSTEMclickers.colorado.edu

http://per.colorado.edu

Page 40: Have you ever used clickers in a class? - CWSEI · COLTT CU 2009 Clicker Use in Upper-Level Courses Univ. of Colorado “Clicker questions encourage me to pay attention in class as

COLTT CU 2009 Clicker Use in Upper-Level Courses Univ. of Colorado

Questions?

• per.colorado.edu• www.colorado.edu/sei