Harvesting the Wind May 29, 2004 Presented by: Toronto Renewable Energy Co-operative WindShare.
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Transcript of Harvesting the Wind May 29, 2004 Presented by: Toronto Renewable Energy Co-operative WindShare.
![Page 1: Harvesting the Wind May 29, 2004 Presented by: Toronto Renewable Energy Co-operative WindShare.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062321/56649e185503460f94b03b07/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Harvesting the Harvesting the WindWind
May 29, 2004May 29, 2004
Presented by:Presented by:
Toronto Renewable Energy Co-operativeToronto Renewable Energy Co-operative
WindShareWindShare
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OverviewOverview
Wind Industry At Home & Abroad
Large Scale Wind Projects
Individual Applications
Community Power
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The Wind IndustryThe Wind Industry
At Home & AbroadAt Home & Abroad
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Wind Energy Quick Facts
• Wind power is the world's fastest growing energy source with sustained growth rates in excess of 30% per year.
• Today's cost ranges between 8¢ to 12¢ per kWh.
• The technology has matured rapidly with typical reliability rates greater than 98%, making them on par with the reliability of a present-day farm tractor.
![Page 5: Harvesting the Wind May 29, 2004 Presented by: Toronto Renewable Energy Co-operative WindShare.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062321/56649e185503460f94b03b07/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Wind Energy Quick Facts
• Currently, Canada has approx. 300 MW of installed capacity - enough to supply about 56,000 homes.
• The Canadian Wind Energy Association estimates that 20% of Canada’s energy could be supplied by wind.
• The Ontario wind industry could contribute at least 2,000-3,000 MW.
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Canada lags the world in wind
Installed Capacity Worlwide (2002)
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
14000
Germany Spain USA Denmark India Canada
Country
Inst
alle
d C
apac
ity,
MW
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And Ontario lags other provinces…
Installed Capacity in Canada (2003)
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
Canada Alberta Quebec Sask Ontario Atlantic
Province
Inst
alle
d C
apac
ity
MW
Total Canada: 317 MW
14.6 MW
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…In Spite of Great Potential
• 2,000-6,000 MW • 5,000-16,000 GWh
• 3.5-11% of total demand
• 3,000 MW by 2010
• Ontario Gov’t RFP for 300 MW of Green Power
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Types of Wind Energy Systems
Small-Scale Individual
Large Utility Scale
• Common, proven technology• Large number of blades for high torque
• Remote communities, small businesses• 10 kW – 200 kW• Typically not cost-competitive with grid-connection
• grid-connected • 660 kW – 3 MW• Competitive with traditional sources
Mechanical/ Water pumping systems
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TechnologyMost common technology - horizontal axis, 3 bladeMost common technology - horizontal axis, 3 blade
Horizontal Axis vs. Vertical Axis
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Large Scale ProjectsLarge Scale Projects
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The Technology Has Come of Age
1970’s - 22 kW 2000’s – 1.8 MW
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Grid-Connected Wind Turbines
30 m
(100 ft)
car Economies of scale heavily favour VERY large machines.
1.8 MW Ontario Power turbine can supply enough power for 600 homes every year.
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Wind Farms
• Utility-sized machines are typically placed in arrays of 5-50 machines; “Wind Farms”
• Wind farms need large areas and need to be close to roads for construction and maintenance.
• Wind farms are therefore frequently built on farmers fields.
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Steps in Wind Farm Development• Wind, topographic maps• Land option/lease agreements• Wind Resource Assessment• Environmental Assessment• Permits• Interconnect Study• Power Purchase Contract• Equipment Selection• Financing• Construction• Operation –20-25 years• Decommissioning
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Issues in Ontario
• Market • Transmission System• Financial Incentives• Planning Policy
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Individual ApplicationsIndividual Applications
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Wind Power applications• Remote site (no grid)
• Back up Power – battery charging
• Water Pumping (large amounts)
• Hybrid systems – solar/diesel
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Small-Scale Wind Energy
• Large Range of Options– 10 kW – 200 kW – Varying performance, reliability– Buyer Beware
• Higher Cost– May be attractive if cost savings are not primary driver,
as capital costs typically start at $40,000– Rule of Thumb: small wind power is cost effective
when you pay more than $.12-.16/kWh on your electric bill
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Considerations
• Siting:– Minimum 30ft above anything within 1/4 mile– Not on a building– Neighbours? Bylaws?
• Equipment:– Right turbine for your resource and needs– Tilt up or guyed towers
• Maintenance• Some noise
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Wind Solar HybridOff grid
• Complimentary technologies
• Design system to demand/load
• Cost per watt high currently
• Good alternative when:– Remote area– High cost to bring line in
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Grid Tied
• Wind Turbine puts power into control system, matches power with grid
• CSA approved inverter/controls• Approval of utility• No Batteries, less costly• When grid goes down, so does your power
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Net Metering• Reduces the amount paid for
electricity, but not service charges and debt charges
• Net metering permitted up to consumption level, not beyond
• Few grid tied systems in Ontario– High capital costs, regulations
• Changes required to make grid tied systems economical – policy announcement?
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Community PowerCommunity Power
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What is Community Wind?
• Wind turbines locally-owned: – individually, co-operatively or collectively through a number of
mechanisms
• Key is for the community to identify the turbines as their own
• Community has a sense of control and stake in their future
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Why Community Wind?
Wind Power Co-operatives Comprise a significant portion of energy
generation markets in Europe and US
Are emerging in Ontario in several communities
Have potential to be significant part of Ontario’s emerging sustainable energy economy
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Why do Community Wind?Why do Community Wind?
Successful model: Denmark, Germany
Denmark – 20% power from wind, 80% in 1995 owned by co-ops and individuals
Local ownership = greater acceptance
UK 90% utility owned; higher rejection rate on planning approvals
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Existing WPCs - Denmark
Middelgrunden
– 20 x 2 MW offshore turbines– 8500 members in the co-op own half the turbines (JV
Copenhagen utility)– 40,500 shares sold for 570 Euros each
($805 Cnd = $32,602,500)– Co-ops sells power to utility
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Existing WPCs - US
Minnesota – MinWind I & II
– Farmer initiative– Motivation: need for extra income, preserving their farms
and communities– 2 partnerships with 2 turbines each– Open membership to folks from the community who are
not farmers– Farmers raised $3.5 million in 12 days
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WindShare ModelWindShare Model – – Investment Co-opInvestment Co-op Joint Venture with THESI for 2 wind turbines
Partners invest in cost of turbine Power sold to THESI Members receive annual dividends
Share Offering: $800K in shares for 1st turbine $300K raised in escrow for second turbine
Almost 600 members to date
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CO2 offsets of up to 2.8 million tonnes/yr
94 metres
25 storeys
Production commenced Jan 21, 2003
Lagerwey 750 kWLagerwey 750 kW
Kick in speed of 2.8 Kick in speed of 2.8 m/s m/s (11km/h)(11km/h)
Turbine output= ~1,400,000 kWh
Equivalent Equivalent power for power for 250 homes250 homes
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Other Emerging Co-opsOther Emerging Co-ops
Ontario Projects in development: TradeWinds - Kingston Picton County/Visionquest Positive Power - Hamilton LakeWind
“Co-op of co-ops” Potential sites across ON 10-20 MW wind farms
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Wind Power Workshops & Tours• The Toronto Renewable Energy Co-op is
developing workshops for schools and classes which highlight the power of wind and renewables as they relate to the Ontario curriculum
• Tours of the Ex Place turbine are also available through TREC
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Resources
• Workshops– OSEA (www.ontario-sea.org)– Kortright Centre (www.kortright.org)
• Internet– www.windshare.ca– www.trec.on.ca– www.canwea.ca– www.wind-works.org
• Distributors and Dealers – CanSIA, CanWEA• Books – Paul Gipe
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ContactContact
David Timm
Toronto Renewable Energy Co-operative
401 Richmond Street West, Suite 401
Toronto, ON
M5V 3A8
416-977-5093