HARMONI:AfirstlightspectrographfortheE‐ELT

FraserClarkeNiranjanThaAe(PI),MaAhiasTecza(IS)

SanHagoArribas,RolandBacon,RogerDavies,EvencioMediavilla,TheHARMONIconsorHum

Summary

•  QuickoverviewofE‐ELT•  SamplesciencecasesforHARMONI

•  TechnicaloverviewofHARMONI

•  Thepathahead

OverviewofE‐ELT•  42‐meterprimary

–  9841.45msegments

•  FivemirrortelescopedesignwithintegratedadapHveopHcs

•  11instrumentports–  Twoinstrumentsforfirstlight

•  1stlightcurrentlyplannedfor~2020–  CerroArmazones,nearParanal(VLT)

http://www.eso.org/e-elt/

CerroArmazones

E‐ELTinstrumentsriseoftheIFU

•  Eightinstrumentsstudiedforfeasibility(PhaseA),alongwithtwopost‐focalAOmodules;–  CODEX–  EAGLE–  EPICS–  HARMONI

–  METIS

–  MICADO–  OPTIMOS‐EVE/DIARAMOS

–  SIMPLE

5/8employIFUs

Putforwardfor1stlight

HARMONIGeneralOverview

•  ProposedfirstlightgeneralpurposeIntegralFieldSpectrographforE‐ELT–  Workhorseinstrumentwithwide

appeal

–  Early‘highlight’scienceonkeyobjects/projects

•  V‐K(0.5‐2.4µm)spectralcoverage

•  R=4000,10000,20000resoluHons

•  40,20,10&4maspixelscales•  256x128pixelfieldofview

•  GeneralusewithGLAOandLTAO

•  PossibilitytoincludeSCAOmodeforbrighton‐axistargets.

10”x5”

COSMOSlens;Faure&Knieb

HARMONIKeyScience•  Spectralcoveragefromredvisibletonear‐infrarednaturally

emphasizescoolobjects,highlyexHnctedregionsandhighztargets.

•  StrongsynergieswithJWST/ALMA/VLT

•  Prominentscienceareas

–  Planetaryscience–  Circumstellardisks

–  Starformingregions

–  StellarpopulaHons,IMF&GalacHcarchaeology

–  BlackHolesandGalaxyCores–  SNe&GRBs–  Highredshikgalaxies(1<z<10)

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Δλ(0.47‐2.4µm)

@4mas/spx

•  SpaHallyresolvedspectroscopyofz~1‐2.5ULIRGS

•  Probedetailsoftheassemblyofthemostmassivegalaxies–  Shocks,winds,IGM–  StarformaHonmodes

–  Nucleardiscsandrings–  DistribuHonofdust

ScienceExample1:UnderstandingULIRGs

Courtesy:SanHagoArribas

ScienceExample1:UnderstandingULIRGs(andothergalaxies)

Courtesy:SanHagoArribas

Hαinz=2ULIRG

TimGoodsall

•  Severalscales(andRs)allowsonetoopHmizeobservaHons–  angularresoluHon–  pointsourceandSBsensiHvity–  FoV,etc.

•  HARMONIproposedscales;–  4,10,20,and40mas/spx

–  0.5”x1”to5”x10”FoV

SamplingwellmatchedtokeystructuresingalaxiesacrossthehistoryoftheUniverse

CharacterisHcphysicalscaleHighresoluHoninthreedimensions

Samplingsmallerobjectsimpliessamplinglowermassobjects,whichinturnimplieshigherspectralresolu1ontounderstandkinemaHcs

Courtesy:AprajitaVerma

Scienceexample2:TesHngdarkenergyatz=4

•  JWSTNIRCamimagingsurveytofindhighredshiksupernova–  50between1<z<5in10fieldsover5years(excludingevoluHon)–  (E‐ELT+MICADOasanalternaHveimagingsurvey)

•  HARMONIspectratogetSNtype&redshik–  IFSveryusefultoremovegalaxycontaminaHonfromspectrum

30,000s(8hr)onredshik4supernova

SiIIλrest4000Å

Courtesy:IsobelHook

Alsoapplicabletostudyinghigh‐zGRBsites(c.f.LChristensentalk)

Scienceexample3:TesHngstellarmodelsatthelowestmasses

•  HARMONIcanresolvesub‐stellarbinariesinnearbyclusters

•  Fullthreedimensional(RA,dec,velocity)orbitalinformaHongivesdynamicalmassofthesystem

•  Determinethefundamentalmass‐luminosityrelaHonshipdowntoplanetarymasses.–  TestofstellarevoluHonarymodelsto

theverylowestmasses

Courtesy:RafaelRebolo

Scienceexample4:CharacterisingExoplanets

•  HARMONIcontrastliesbetweenSPHERE(/GPI)andEPICS

•  VerywellsuitedtomoredetailedstudyofSPHERE/GPIdiscoveries–  R=1000vsR=100

–  CharacterisaHon

4mas 10mas

R=400 28.25 28.57

R=4000 27.10 27.32

R=10000 26.35 26.72

HAB5‐sigmasensiHviHesfor(isolated)pointsourcesin5hours

OriginalplotfromEPICSsciencecasedocument

Equivalentto2Mjupplanetat1GyrinBaraffe2003models(10pc)

EPICS HARMONI

HARMONIAdapHveOpHcsmodes

•  HARMONIisdesignedtoworkwitharangeofAOmodes;–  GLAOprovidedbytelescope

•  1‐300mas,fullskycoverage

–  LTAOprovidedbyATLASpackage•  8masFWHM,fullskycoverage

–  SCAOprovidedbyinternalWFS•  8masFWHM,brightobjects

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

550 640 700 750 900 1250 1650 2200

S.R/FW

HM(m

as)

Wavelength(nm)

ATLASLTAOperformance

SR

FWHM_Gauss

LargeTelescopeAOisdifferentHugeFWHMdiff/FWHMseeingraHomeanslowstrehlcansHllgiveadiscernablecore.HighresoluHonmaybepossibleintovisible…

ATLASLTAOunit

HARMONISensiHvity(LTAO)

• 5‐sigmaperspectralpixelin5hours• 20masspaxelsprovidebestsensiHvityforpointsources• 40masspaxelsbestforextendedsources

ImageQuality&Throughput

• IFSimagequalityspecificaHonbreakatimageslicer;2Dimagequalitybeforeslicerand1Dimagequalityakerslicer.• Specassumes2spaxelFWHMsourceinallscales• EllipHcalpupilimpliesIQbeAerinspectraldirecHonthanspaHal

Severalinstrumentsshowingthislevelisachievable;SINFONI,PMAS,SWIFT,WiFeS,othersShouldbethenormforspectrographsnow!

ModularConstrucHonSystemblockdiagram

TheHARMONIimageslicer

•  Glasspolishedde‐magnifyingimageslicerbasedonheritagewithSINFONIandSWIFT

•  32slicesineachslicereach128pixelslong–  8slicers(intotal)infourgroups

oftwo

–  SlicewidthlessaggressivethanSINFONI/SWIFT

1of8

HARMONIOpHcallayout

LightfromE‐ELT

HARMONIMechanicallayout•  4.2mdiametercryostat

•  ~12tonnemass

•  SiyngonNaysmythplazorm–opHcalderotator

Somemorepictures

HARMONI–sideview

HARMONI–actualsize

HARMONIincontextSize,Weight&Schedule

  12 tons

  4.2m × 5.0m footprint

  6.8 m in height

  7 yr build phase

Timescales•  7‐8yeardesign/buildHmescale,aimingtomeetwithE‐ELTfirstlightin~2020

•  Nextyear–  Now:Proposingfor(UK)effortfundingfromSTFC

–  2011:Revisinginstrumentdesign

–  2011:De‐riskingkeytechnologies(coldK‐mirror,cryogenicshuAer)

–  June2011:ESOdecisiononE‐ELTbuildphase2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022

Phase A study

ESO selection

ESO tender

Preliminary Design

Final Design

MAIT

PAE

PAC

GTO science

FAC