Hardware 1 Introduction and Overview Dr John Cowell phones off (please)
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Transcript of Hardware 1 Introduction and Overview Dr John Cowell phones off (please)
CSCI1412Lecture 1
Hardware 1Introduction and Overview
Dr John Cowell
phones off (please)
OverviewPersonal introductionModule outline
topicsassessmentresources
the Blackboard siteIntroduction to hardware
types of computersdefinitions of hardware and softwarebasic computer components
© De Montfort University, 2008 CSCI1412-HW-1 2
Introduction
Module TutorsLecturers
Dr. John Cowell – module leader room G6.62 email [email protected]
© De Montfort University, 2008 CSCI1412-HW-1 4
Module OutlineTeaching by lectures, tutorials and labs
one hour lecture per weekone hour laboratory sessionone hour tutorialplus lots of private studyYou will need the coursebook: Computer systems and networks :
Barry Blundell : Thompson PressTopics (lectures are clearly signposted by topic)
computer hardware and roboticsapplication software (spreadsheets, dreamweaver, CPU
simulator)overview of operating systems and logicbasic networking
See the Blackboard site© De Montfort University, 2007 CSCI1412-HW-1 5
Weekly Topics – Term 1Week no Lecture Title
1 HW1: Introduction and Overview
2 HW2: Basic Architecture
3 HW3: More Architecture
4 OS1: Introduction to Operating Systems
5 OS2: Operating Systems: Processes
6 HW4: Backing Storage
7 L1: Logic Gates & Truth tables
8 OS3: Operating Systems: File Management
9 HW5: Interfacing and I/O Peripherals
10 I1: Introduction to the Internet
11 I2: Internet Programming
© De Montfort University, 2007CSCI1412-HW-1 6
Weekly Topics – Term 2Week no Lecture Title
15 HW6: Displays and Printers
16 HW7: System Specification
17 R1: Introduction to Robots
18 HW8: Basic Communications
19 N1: Introduction to Networks
20 N2: Network Layer Models
21 N3: Network Hardware
22 N4: Network Topologies and Protocols
23 N5: Mobile Networks and Telecommunications
24 N6: Network Security
25 N7: Network Administration and Planning
© De Montfort University, 2007 CSCI1412-HW-17
Course AssessmentAssessment by
3 Multiple Choice Phase tests 25% each1 lab tests 10% each1 assignment 40%
The best two of the 3 phase test is used to calculate your final mark.
Reassessment by2 hour test
See Blackboard for assessment details
© De Montfort University, 2007 CSCI1412-HW-1 8
ResourcesWeb Sites (linked from BB module home page)
www.pctechguide.com webopedia.internet.com www.whatis.com
Books Computer Systems and Networks : Barry Blundell:
Published by Thomson. You will need this book – the bookshop has copies.
© De Montfort University, 2007 CSCI1412-HW-1 9
Overview of Hardware and Software
Basic DefinitionsHardware
plastic, metal and glass componentsthings you can trip over!
Softwareset of instructions and dataprocessed by the hardwareused to control the hardware
FirmwareA program embedded in a hardware device
(somewhere between hardware and software).
© De Montfort University, 2007 CSCI1412-HW-1 11
Centralised Computer TypesThere are different types of computers
mainframe / supercomputer very large & expensive dedicated staff, rooms used by large businesses, financial and government hundreds of users, via (dumb) terminals
mini similar to mainframes, much smaller in scope tens of users
© De Montfort University, 2007 CSCI1412-HW-1 12
Distributed/Personal/Embedded Computer Typesmicro
PC systems, workstations single user
distributed systems networks of workstations client/server
personal digital assistants palmtops, address books, calculators
dedicated (embedded) e.g. washing machines, toasters, cars
© De Montfort University, 2007 CSCI1412-HW-1 13
Software FamiliesThere are four families of software
applications produce documents, commonly business oriented e.g. MS Word, Excel, Lotus WordPro, etc.
operating systems control software for computer systems - provide the
interface between user and hardware e.g. Windows Vista/XP, DOS, UNIX, Linux, VME
© De Montfort University, 2007 CSCI1412-HW-1 14
More Software FamiliesFour families of software continued ...
utility software maintenance & problem solving tools - housekeeping e.g. Symantic Norton Utilities
programming languages used to develop software, often with an Integrated
Development Environment (IDE) e.g. C, Pascal, C++, C#, Java, Visual Basic, COBOL,
FORTRAN, Modula, Forth, LISP, etc.
© De Montfort University, 2007 CSCI1412-HW-1 15
Basic Architecture
Basic Computer ArchitectureComputer systems comprise
central processing unit - the CPU the ‘brain’ or ‘heart’ of a computer
peripheral devices the devices that supply information to the CPU, and give
the results to the outside world analogous to human senses, and memory aids such as
books, etc.
© De Montfort University, 2007 CSCI1412-HW-1 17
System Diagram
© De Montfort University, 2007 CSCI1412-HW-1 18
CPUInput
Devices
CommunicationDevicesBacking Storage
OutputDevices
represents flow of data/instructions
CPU ComponentsCPU Components
CU: Control Unit interprets stored instructions in sequence issues commands to all elements of the computer system
ALU: Arithmetic & Logic Unit performs arithmetic and logic instructions
Traditionally the CPU also includedRAM: Random Access Memory
holds data, instructions and results of processing temporary (volatile)
Often, CPU is used to mean just the CU and ALUthe ‘processor’ or ‘microprocessor’
© De Montfort University, 2007 CSCI1412-HW-1 19
CPU Diagram
© De Montfort University, 2007 CSCI1412-HW-1 20
notice that all information enters and leaves the CPU via the RAM
CPU
InputDevices
CommunicationDevicesBacking Storage
OutputDevices
controlunit
arithmetic & logic unit
RAM
(micro-)processor
Peripheral DevicesPeripheral devices are
input data and instructions
output information - the results of processing
backing storage supplements main storage (RAM) - permanent
communications links to other systems, e.g. networks
© De Montfort University, 2007 CSCI1412-HW-1 21
Peripheral Diagram
© De Montfort University, 2007 CSCI1412-HW-1 22
Input Deviceskeyboardmousescannermicrophonebarcode readerMICR readerOCR readerOMR readermagnetic stripgame console
Output Devicesmonitor (VDU)printerspeaker
Backing Storagedisk drives: floppy
hardDVDCD
tape drives: digital audio (DAT)
Communication Devicesmodemnetwork interface card (NIC)Infra-RedWireless
CPU
controlunit
arithmetic & logic unit
RAM
System Control Signals
© De Montfort University, 2007 CSCI1412-HW-1 23
Input Deviceskeyboardmousescannermicrophonebarcode readerMICR readerOCR readerOMR readermagnetic stripgame console
Output Devicesmonitor (VDU)printerspeaker
Backing Storagedisk drives: floppy
hardDVDCD
tape drives: digital audio (DAT)
Communication Devicesmodemnetwork interface card (NIC)Infra-RedWireless
CPU
controlunit
arithmetic & logic unit
RAM
SummaryPersonal introductionModule outline
topicsassessmentresources
the module web site
Introduction to hardwaretypes of computersdefinitions of hardware and softwarebasic computer components
© De Montfort University, 2007 CSCI1412-HW-1 24