GTU PG SCHOOL BISAG Gandhinagar

Handoff Scheme for High-speed Mobile Internet Services

Vrajesh ParikhWIMC 2014

1st sem

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Topics Covered

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1. Introduction and Base environment and terminologies

2. Horizontal Hand-off

3. Vertical Hand-off

4. Proposed scheme, Conclusion and critical view

Issues in Mobility with High Speed Internet

Reliable user authentication and mobility Network security at speed Device flexibility Delay time in hand off

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Types of Handoff and Mobility

Vertical Handoff :- Changing the technology for connectivity.

Horizontal Handoff:-changing access point for connectivity.

Macro-mobility refers to the inter-domain movement.

Micro-mobility refers to localized mobility in a domain.

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HORIZONTAL HANDOFF

Horizontal Handoff:-Handoff happening between two cells of same networks.A user moving from one access point to the second access point is the example of horizontal handoff.

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HORIZONTAL HANDOFF

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HORIZONTAL HANDOFF

When the horizontal handoff occurs between two MS there is no changes in access technology.

No change in Network interface QoS parameter don’t changed

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LIMITATIONS

1.Not able to use different technology when horizontal handoff occur

2.Break-before-make in horizontal handover is that a mobile node can make a new network connection only after disconnecting the old connection.

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Why Vertical Handoff?

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• The vertical handoff mechanism allows a terminal device to change networks between different types of networks (e.g., between 3G and 4G networks) in a way that is completely transparent to end user applications

• Vertical Handoff refers to a network node changing the type of connectivity it uses to access a supporting infrastructure, usually to support node mobility.

• For example, a suitably equipped laptop might be able to use both a high speed wireless LAN and a cellular technology for Internet access.

Vertical Handoff Process

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• 1.System Discovery The device must know which wireless networks are reachable.

• 2.Handoff Decision Then evaluates the reachable wireless networks to make a decision.

• 3.Handoff Execution If the device decides to perform a VHO, it executes the VHO procedure required to be associated with the new wireless network.

• After this completion of this three steps the device and the base station executes on end to end approach.

Strong Points of Vertical Handoff

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• Low Latency Handoff: make the switch between networks as seamless as possible for disruption-intolerant applications and with as little data loss as possible.

• Power Savings: minimize the power drain due to multiple simultaneously active network interfaces.

• Bandwidth Overhead: minimize the amount of additional network traffic used to implement handoffs.

• Discovering the right time to perform handoffs in a wireless channel whose behavior can be difficult to predict and characterize.

Limitations

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• It handles all the connections in same manner.

• Only the best one wireless access point we can use at time.

• All wireless interfaces must be used as part of the same Mobile IP and DNS infrastructure since mobile nodes and peers must be able to reach the Mobile IP and DNS server.

• The networks with nodes that may not be part of p2p infrastructure due to this data packets are lost. . Usually the peer to peer connections are most efficient because sometimes they offer shortcuts for slow and expensive infrastructure.

• Interoperation with commercially available services and technologies that we cannot modify.

Approach 1 -Proposed Handoff Scheme [1]

• The objective of the proposed handoff scheme is to reduce the handoff latency caused by authentication procedures at the new AP.

• MH performs authentication procedures for neighboring APs, when initial registration is performed.

• The key issue in this scheme is how to select the neighboring APs to be authenticated in advance.

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Prediction Based Proposal

Handoff prediction algorithms [1]

– Previous mobility patterns

– Most MHs in public WLAN systems are visiting as temporary hosts without any regular mobility patterns.

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Approach 2-Creating HMSMN[2]

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Diagram 1:Hand Off Management System Multi Networks

HMSMN coupled architectures

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HOW the HMSMN Works?

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Conclusion and Critical Review

• Results are definitely better than how the ideal system works

• [1]The response relayed to the MH through to the current AP should contain a variety of information such as the session key, multiple WEP keys, etc.

• [1] However, the average handoff latency is more than 40ms when the fast handoff scheme is not used.

• [2] Handoff Performance from cdma2000 to WLAN network, Handoff Performance from WLAN to cdma2000 network, But specifies that the same can be done with the cdma 2000, WiMAX, WLAN, Bluetooth etc.

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References

1. Fast handoff scheme based on mobility prediction In public wireless LAN systems, S. Pack and Y. Choi, IEE Proceedings online no. 20040834, IEE Proc.-Commune., Vol. 151, No. 5, October 2004

2. A Client-based Vertical Handoff Approach for Seamless Mobility in Next Generation Wireless, Yong-Sung Kim, Dong-Hee Kwon, Young-Joo Suh ,Networks 978-1-4244-2413-9/08/$25.00 ©2008 IEEE

3. IEEE Xplore : Wang Tong; Wang Xingwei; Huang Min "Coarse and Fine-Grained Crossover Free Search Based Handover Decision Scheme with ABC Supported",  Distributed Computing and Applications to Business, Engineering & Science (DCABES), 2013 12th International Symposium on, On page(s): 222 - 226

4. M. E. Anagnostou and G. C. Manos, "Handover related performance of mobile communication networks." Proc. 44th IEEE VJC. 1994, DD. 11 1-14.

5. IEEE Xplore: Safdar Rizvi; Asif Aziz, N.M. Saad;” An Overview of Vertical Handoff Decision Policies for Next Generation Wireless Network” ,Department of IEEE of Malesiya

6. IEEE Network Selection with Joint Vertical and Horizontal Handoff in Heterogeneous WLAN and Mobile WiMax Systems

7. A Survey on Handovers Literature for Next Generation Wireless Networks

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Queries

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