Handbook for Health Care Research, Second Edition Chapter 4 © 2010 Jones and Bartlett Publishers,...
-
Upload
rosalind-johns -
Category
Documents
-
view
212 -
download
0
Transcript of Handbook for Health Care Research, Second Edition Chapter 4 © 2010 Jones and Bartlett Publishers,...
Handbook for Health Care Research, Second Edition Chapter 4
© 2010 Jones and Bartlett Publishers, LLC
CHAPTER 4Scientific Method
Handbook for Health Care Research, Second Edition Chapter 4
© 2010 Jones and Bartlett Publishers, LLC
Scientific Method• Well conceived curiosity • Research is repeated which leads to validation
by other researchers
Handbook for Health Care Research, Second Edition Chapter 4
© 2010 Jones and Bartlett Publishers, LLC
Scientific MethodScience does not proveCan never prove the truth of an assumptionScientific theories are never “true”
Handbook for Health Care Research, Second Edition Chapter 4
© 2010 Jones and Bartlett Publishers, LLC
Step 1-Formulate Problem Statement
• Move from general perception to concise statement
Think in terms of:• What you see happening?• Why it is important?
Handbook for Health Care Research, Second Edition Chapter 4
© 2010 Jones and Bartlett Publishers, LLC
Step 2-Generate a Hypothesis• Hypothesis describes your belief about a
particular research problemTestable
Handbook for Health Care Research, Second Edition Chapter 4
© 2010 Jones and Bartlett Publishers, LLC
Algorithm illustrating the scientific method
.
hypothesis
Handbook for Health Care Research, Second Edition Chapter 4
© 2010 Jones and Bartlett Publishers, LLC
Step 3-Define Rejection Criteria
• Based on data, the hypothesis is rejected or accepted
• Reject hypothesis if experimental data do not meet criteria
• Clarify what can be measured
Handbook for Health Care Research, Second Edition Chapter 4
© 2010 Jones and Bartlett Publishers, LLC
Step 4- Make a Prediction • Make a prediction based on our hypothesis
that specifies the rejection values
Handbook for Health Care Research, Second Edition Chapter 4
© 2010 Jones and Bartlett Publishers, LLC
Steps 5 &6 Perform the Experiment and Test Hypothesis
• Rejection criteria determine the measurements that are required in the experiment
• The hypothesis is tested by comparing the experimental data with the rejection criteria
Handbook for Health Care Research, Second Edition Chapter 4
© 2010 Jones and Bartlett Publishers, LLC
Conducting Scientific Research: Initial Steps
• Develop study idea-based experiences, colleagues, etc
• Review the literature-know what has already been done
• Consult an expert-helps refine idea• Design experiment-case study, the device or
method evaluation, the clinical study
Handbook for Health Care Research, Second Edition Chapter 4
© 2010 Jones and Bartlett Publishers, LLC
Conducting Scientific Research: Next Steps
• Write protocol-set of instructions for investigators
• Obtain permission-need permission from your immediate supervisor and from any others who will be affected
• Collect data-think about how data will be collected, what forms will be used to record the data, and who will be responsible for it.
Handbook for Health Care Research, Second Edition Chapter 4
© 2010 Jones and Bartlett Publishers, LLC
Conducting Scientific Research: Final Steps
• Analyze data- data summarized, advanced statistical techniques performed, and interpret findings
• Publish findings-communicate findings through reports and manuscripts