Hammurabi’s (Babylon)Twelve Tables (Rome)Justinian’s Code (Byzantine)Sharia- Islam

They had power over the religious and secular lives of their people

Secular- worldly

Silk Road- silk, gunpowder, paperMonsoon Marketplace- spices, silk, BuddhismWest Saharan Trade- Gold and Salt

They provide water for humans, plants and animals.Floods leave behind SiltWater for trade

Bellringer

Why were River Valleys a good place to settle down?

Name two different Trade routes and an item traded

along it

Why are God-Kings more powerful than just a king?

Name 2 written law codes, why are these important?

Renaissance and Reformation

Review: Medieval Europe

After the Roman Empire fell, Europe fell into darkness:-no trade-no education-constant wars between lords

A Feudal system emerged, creating a rigid society based on the exchange of loyalty and service for land and protection

Review: Medieval Europe

The Roman Catholic Church was the dominant force of Medieval Europe.

The Roman Catholic Church maintained power by threatening excommunication, which would deny the Sacraments (sacred rituals).

People who did not receive Sacraments believed they were going to Hell.

Review: Medieval EuropeIn Eastern Europe, the former Eastern Roman Empire became the Byzantine Empire.

Byzantine Christians were different from Roman Catholics. They did not believe in the authority of the Pope, they spoke Greek, and they allowed priests to marry.

Overtime, the Byzantines split away and created the Greek Orthodox sect. This is called a Schism. Schism-

A permanent split within a religion

Judaism and ChristianityThe Roman Catholic Church

The Neolithic Revolution

Revolution equals change

Varied: mountains, deserts, jungles, rivers and ocean coastIt kept them isolated and ethnocentric

Bellringer

What are the geographic features of China? What effect do these have on

China?

What time period was the change made from Nomadic

hunting and gathering to settled living and

husbandry?

What was the MOST powerful force during the

European middle ages?

What religions meet the following criteria:

-monotheistic-10 commandments

-Abraham

Review: Medieval EuropeThe Crusades began when Muslim Ottomans invaded the Byzantine Empire.

The Greek Orthodox Christians turned to the Pope for help, and he sent thousands of Roman Catholics to dispel the Muslims and reclaim the Holy Land

The Crusades occurred over hundreds of years and through a series of wars. They were not successful.

Review: Medieval EuropeThe Crusades resulted in an increase in trade.

Returning crusaders wanted many of the goods they were exposed to including spices, silk, and ivory.

Most goods flowed through the Middle East into Italy then throughout Europe

Renaissance 1300-1500sThe Darkness of the Middle Ages gave way to the Renaissance, or cultural rebirth

The Renaissance was a time of creativity and changing views of the world and humans.

The focus shifted from Religion to humans. Instead of focusing on the afterlife, Renaissance thinkers focused on living while on Earth.

Renaissance-Time of European cultural rebirth

Book NotesYou have 35 minutes to find a partner and answer questions 1-6 on your Renaissance and Reformation worksheet.

We will cover the answers throughout the rest of the Renaissance notes.

This is your first grade of the marking period!!

HinduismBow and arrowStirrupsCannons/ gunpowderCurved swords

Irrigation, terrace farmingShaduf, Chinampas Shrimp among the whales

Cultural Bridge

Bellringer

What is Korea’s nickname?

Name 2 technologies that were developed to help grow more food in the

ancient world

What are 2 technologies made to help with warfare that we have learned about

so far?

What religion meets the following criteria:

-Caste System-reincarnation

-Karma/ dharma-Ganges River

The Renaissance

Time period of creativity and changing views

Focus shifted from religion to Secular (worldly) pursuits.

The Renaissance is characterized by Humanism.

Humanism-Intellectual movement focused

on secular (worldly) issues instead of religion

Humanism“Focus on worldly rather than religious issues”

What this really means is that the artists, thinkers and philosophers will focus on daily life

Many artists will focus on humans in their earthly life span, not in the afterlife

Humanism weakens the church.

Italian start

The Renaissance began in Italy for three reasons:1) Classical focus

2) Center of trade

3) Wealthy merchants

1) Classical FocusThe Renaissance focused on the Classical influences from Ancient Greece and Rome.

Italy was the center of the Ancient Roman culture, with architecture, literature and monuments throughout

Center of Trade

Italy is a Peninsula (surrounded by water on 3 sides) and therefore had access to much trade.

The Italian ‘boot’ kicks into the Mediterranean sea, connecting Italy to the Middle East and Silk Road

Remember: Water is a geographic factor that promotes trade

Patron Merchants

Due to its ideal location on trade routes, many merchants became very wealthy.

These merchants became patrons of the arts, donating large sums to create art pieces in painting, sculptures and architecture.

The Roman Catholic Church was another patron of the arts in Renaissance Italy

Patron- someone who provides support to a

cause or person

Florence and the MedicisFlorence is a symbol of the Renaissance. With a large population of poets, artists, scholars and scientists, Florence was an ideal Renaissance City

The Medici family became rich through trade, and soon controlled the economic and political spheres of Florence.

IslamClassical focusCenter of tradeWealthy merchants

HumanismA wealthy supporter of a cause or person

Typically fund the arts

Bellringer

What is a Patron? What ONE word describes the Renaissance?

What are 3 reasons why the Renaissance began in Italy?

What religion meets the following criteria:

-Quran-Allah

-five pillars

Medici Family

In the 1400s, the Medici family began a banking business and became very rich

Their money bought them political power, but was also used to fund the arts.

The Medici family is one of the largest patrons of Renaissance art, second to only the Church.

Lorenzo the Magnificent even founded an art school.

Humanities--Humanism The Renaissance promoted creativity, but the Europeans looked to the Ancient Greeks and romans for inspiration

Petrarch hunted down ancient Greek and Roman texts and created a library. This helped preserve classical works.

Artistic Golden AgeRenaissance art attempted to be more realistic. To do this artists began using perspective

Perspective means they drew closer objects larger and farther objects smaller.

They also studied live models and classical art to be more realistic.

Perspective

Perspective

Renaissance Artists

The greatest of the Renaissance artists are still well known today:

-Leonardo da Vinci-Michelangelo-Raphael-Donatello

Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles

Yes, the teenage mutant ninja turtles were named after the Renaissance painters. As the creator recalls: “One ninja turtle became four, each named after a Renaissance master, each with a different weapon. "It was, like, 'Here's the next big thing, ninja turtles. Ha-ha-ha,' " Eastman recalls. “

Leonardo da Vinci

-painter, sculptor, engineer, writer and musician

-seen as a true Renaissance man because of his many skills.

-Leonardo dissected corpses to be accurate in anatomy when depicting human forms.

-sketched submarines, helicopters and planes hundreds of years before they existed.

-Wrote in mirrored writing, making t difficult to decipher.

Most famous for the Mona Lisa

MichelangeloMichelangelo was a sculptor, engineer, painter, architect and poet

His most famous works are David, Pieta and the Sistine Chapel

SistineChapel

Notice the curved ceiling?

That is just a trick of perspective… the ceiling is completely flat.

RaphaelCame after Leonardo and Michelangelo

Raphael drew the School of Athens, an imaginary gathering of great thinkers: Plato, Aristotle, Michelangelo, Leonardo and himself.

He also created the Madonna, a statue of Mary, Mother of God

DonatelloDonatello is a lesser known Renaissance Artist

He is best known for his bronze David and the Penitent Magdalene

MachiavelliStudied ancient Rome and politics

Wrote The Prince, a guide to gain and maintain power

According to Machiavelli, the ends justify the means

He said rulers should achieve power regardless of the means to get there

Northern Renaissance

The northern Renaissance was delayed because Northern Europe was devastated by the Black Death

The Northern Renaissance produced men like Shakespeare and Gutenberg.

Flemish painters focused more on scenes of everyday life instead of Religious themes

Shakespeare One of the best known Northern Renaissance men. He has written 37 plays, including Romeo and Juliet, Hamlet, and Julius Caesar

Shakespeare created many new words in his plays such as bedroom, lonely, generous

However, Shakespeare is a very controversial figure. Some claim he was really a woman, he was homosexual or possibly even plagiarized all his plays.

Johann Gutenberg

Used a metal printing press to copy the Bible. This led to an explosion of books being printed.

More books were quickly made, and cheaply. These cheap books allowed more people to learn how to read and write.

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Indulgences

Gutenberg

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Horrible Histories: Renaissance Report