HALDEN LOCA TEST SERIES TRIAL RUNS-IFA-650 · 2012-11-18 · g m r w InstItutt for energiteknikk...
Transcript of HALDEN LOCA TEST SERIES TRIAL RUNS-IFA-650 · 2012-11-18 · g m r w InstItutt for energiteknikk...
Instttutt for energiteknlkkOECD HALDEN REACTOR PROJECT
HALDEN LOCA TEST SERIES
HALDEN LOCA TEST SERIESTRIAL RUNS-IFA-650.1
Erik Kolstad
Review meeting. Argonne. July, 2003
File:
g m r w InstItutt for energiteknikk
a;" XOECD HALDEN REACTOR PROJECT
LOCA TRIAL RUNS - IFA-650.1
Content* Background / Objectives* Test facility / Instr umtation
Test rig / rodOuter loop
• Pre-test code calculations* Trial runs / results
800 OC 2 runs1100 C - 4 ru
v Summaryjiay I/ Woad 7
I. -
s . 1 ;Institutt for energfteknikk. OECD HALDEN REACTOR PROJECT
Loss of Coolant Studies
The move to high bumup and the introduction ofnew cladding materials have generated a need tore-examine the safety criteria for loss-of-coolantaccidents and to verify their continued validity, Theintegral in-pile tests in the Hafden reactor I1address LOCA issues using ex-L WR high burnumpfuel segments. The Halden experiment will focus oneffects that are different from thosee obtained in ottof-reactor tests.
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INSTITUTT FOR ENERGITEKNIKK
HALDEN REACTOR PROJECT
Halden LOCA Experiment (IFA-650)
(USNRC/EPRI/EDF/FRAMATOM-ANP/GNF aIRS N)
Primary objectives
1) Measure the extent of fuel (fragment) relocation into the ballooned regionand evaluate its possible effect on cladding temperature and oxidatfon
2) Investigate the extent (if any) of - "secondary transient hydng" - on theinner side of the cladding above and below the burst region
LOCA (1)* Loss Of Coolant Acciden-t
* 3 Phases:* Slowdown (fuel/core uncovered), decompression* Refill (ECCS systems start)* Reflood (water level above core top)
* Timing: uncovery, quenching, long-term cooling
* Fuel temp. rises -- > cladding oxidation and hydriding:embfittlement (melting) of cladding s fragmentation
a. Safety criteria:* Max. fuel temp. (PCT) not to exceed 2200 F (1i44 C)+ Oxidation of cladding not to exceed 17% of totl clad thickness
* Rod swellingballooning may endanger core metry!coolability
4 Safety requirement: calculated gometry changes stillwarrant core cooling
WvD / Slide 37 HALDEN, August 2000 Lr
TcladLossof
CoolantAccidents
t (minutes)
Al
1 .
Oxidation Temperature (C)1400 1300 1200 1100 1000
OxidationTime (min.)
. . , v w
I I I ITime(s)
-10000
5000
2000
1000
500
200
-100
t -. I, 1Total Oxidation Calculatedwith Baker-Just Eq.H. Uetsuka et al.
J. Nucl. Sci. Tech.20 (1983) 941-950 40%
/
* 20% 15%
-
100
60
30_
20
10
.5
Time
a Failed on Quench0 Survived Ouench
I I_ * -0_- - I - ' %
6.0 7.0 8.0
l/T x 10000 (inverse K) (min.)
Figure X, Failure versus non-failure boundary for unconstrained,
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> jw Inst tutt for energiteknikkOECD HALDEN REACTOR PROJECT
Conditions and Schedule* Fresh rods for practicing
-Low pressure for studying of required LHGR, flow and powercontrol, spray, control of PCT, tst termination etc.
- Rod with overpressure to assess ballooning capabilities- More cladding TCs-Fuel TC
e Two high burnup PWR rods- Ca. 150 bar pressure at operating con-ditos
Possibly two temperature levels (800 / 1 Q)* Two high burnup IBWR rods
O One medium bumup BWR rod
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~X X Fuel Rod Pressure Transducer
Fuel rod elonqation detecor
X X
I 4 Outlet flow Tube
oolnt l rn spray te~X h 1
> f t | fPressure FskExtra Free Volume i 4 Ote / 16
Flow Separator C1.~ H- oa V1442
xu V1433 j:l; ,,El. Heater 1 4-.5
V 1313 Fue. Fud uitiie T/C V 1306
N| T/ U}818E T l p. V 1322
>) V222. z||9 u w {< ZeterT/: UJp. V1188-5V 1222.5
]119 Ig cbin. T Cedl 12
V 1Q@775 ill
Claddina T/C Lo. V 1017
U " He-3 Coil V858
w Inlet TC R859
Schematic of LCA Test ig
-with Instrument levels
INSTITUTT FOR ENERGITEKNIKK
HALDEN REACTOR PROJECT
LOCA Trial Runs - IFA-6501
Power calibrations (17 MW & 18 MW)
QA= KG ND ND = (ND1+ND2+ND3)/3KG = QA/ND (kW/nA)
LHGR = QA/LF LF = Fuel length = 50 cm(Gamma heat -5 - 6%)KG (no He3) = 0.90 KG (40 bar He3)
Most runs without He3
File: m:/users/kolstad/overh-landrc.doc
INSTITUTT FOR ENERGITEKNIKKOECD Halden Reactor Project
LOCA Trial Runs, IFA-650.1
25. .. 25
-F-L EL UEAR HEAT RATE
E 20o :20
w15 C15
a:~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~c
4_ _ . .. I.. i.. 6
4-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~.l
gZit~ 1o0
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0 ~~~~~~~~~~12 6 284 ~ ~ ~ ~ -.
~E- CLADDING ELONGATION (mm)- PSURE SENSOR bar)
3.75 . --J z
03.5 -. 2 Z
UJz
CL 3.25-
LINEAR HEAT RATE (kW/m)
INSTITUTT FOR ENERGITEKNIKKOECD Halden Reactor Project
LOCA Trial Runs, IFA-650.1,800 goo
-F- Fuel Temperature-0- Cladding Temperature
-C- Coolant-Temperature
by 7 P7r;,p 3 coe 00- -600
wcc
W400: 400ccw0.
I-~ ~ ~ ~ ~~~~~~~~~-U> ' LU~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
~~~-- F _ _ _ =. - I
LINEAR HEAT RATE (Wm)
Gas Uentral 1 1He b~Van
He|_.VAU4 A-6VA136S VA135~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~87 ;SAl V94
HeV A 636 9 V A t3B t t 2 3 2 83 A 3 ,
VAOS |T 602 ; tVA36 3 5 8
< tVA 0 V~dt~m61 a FVA
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830230S 1 Ln2S 73 rvs > rvA lVAO.ofl VA63, 15kN JM31 VA3302
VA __________~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~A
1352 VA1319 VA6381~~~~~~~6146 5 37 Td600a~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~0
VA~~~~~~~~34V
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V A 5 V A 0P r8353 6306 VA1302 W~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~1A301 VA6371
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IDl 010110 Ap INr F 021203 RSk |OR EHEReavyIKK W tseOMI R5k C 313 hkOl t&E CoNPEM
0f*r. MM mmwRw -a0311R~ c Loop13, Hevy Water High Press. D-20
-
INSTITUTT FOR ENERGITEKNIKK
HALDEN REACTOR PROJECT
LOCA Trial Runs - IFA-650.1
Test rig instrumentation
* 3 neutron detector (Va)
* 2 Co-flux detectors
* 2 inlet TCs
* 2 outlet TCs
* 1 He3 coil
* Heated flow separator (w/TCs)
* Flow meter (outer circuit)
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la *\ kiiiqrY\knstad\overh.doc
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l lliE EInstItutt for enerqiteknikk_ f XOECD HALDEN REACTOR PlOJECT
Design Fec#
.
)tures, cont.0
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Instrumentation -
- claddingsurfaoe therrmocovles- cladding extensometer- pressure sensor- fuel thermocoupt (esh fuel only)
fast response neutron detector
Rod pressure will be close to the normal operatingcoolant pressureThe free volume should be large, representative of theremaining volume in a full-scale fuel rod (<15 cm3)No axial constraint will be provided, but the design mayinclude a grid piece to assess the effect on cooling
Instltutt for energiteknikkXOECD HALDEN REACTOR PROJECT
LOCA-TE$T IFA-650.1
PF
EC
TFAxial powerdistribution
TCs
RedIL in~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ UJ9- t- i dInS~fumantajtion-gn HI I 1./.3-200 MA . s 'I . .'I .. . .. ... .1 ) , I .. . I. . ... .. , ,
Ten Haw 312O Ms*W"eWt1.S pg*
INSI1TUTT FOR EERGITEKNIKK
HALDEN REACTOR PROJECT
LOCA Trial Runs - IFA-650.1
Test rod/instrumentation
Rod (Zr4)Length:O.DI1.D:Gap s"Ize:Enrichment:Fill pressure:Free volume:Dished pellets
500 mm9.50/8.36 mm70gmm4 w/o U-2352 bar He15 cc
. . v 9 . .WI
3 Cd TO$1 Clad extensometer1 Fuel thermocoupleI Rod pressure sensor2 Heater thetocoiupiles
XI ..1 X . .3 ,
Institutt for energlteknikkOECD HALDEN REACTOR PROJECT
LOCA TESTER-IFA-650.1 OG IFA-650.2
Attachment of clad O.D. thermocouples
Strip Thermocouple
Clad
N e );Miy 125-03 KolWOad.ppt
V
Document ID: EP-1650.1 Issue No.: I1 Confidential grade: HRP only Page 11 of 21
034 Flask Heater Cable
09.5 .,5 / 020 Heater
Figure 3. Cross sectional geometry of the fuel pin, flow separator and pressure tube.
Institutt for energiteknikkOECD HALDEN REACTOR PROJECT
3
LOCA TRIAL RUNS - IFA-650,1
In-pile Rig Dump Tank
1 liter70 barNaturalcirculation D20
(1 530 wlom)
Gamma monitor
i / * Shlelded tw4
* Cooled
* Slight ovrpressure (2-3 bar)
* Level gauge
Blow-down line
e 16 m long
* 6-9 mm .D.
* Gamma monitor
* 84a.wdown rate control"M IP I .- _ .. .. . ._ _ .
File: Hill i3d JW i 7I
INSTITUTT FOR ENERGITEKNIKK
HALDEN REACTOR PROJECT
LOCA Trial Runs - IFA-6501
Pretest code-calculations
* TRAC - BF1 code (PSI)* FRAPTRAN - GENFLOW (VTT)
SCTEMP and ALGOR (Halden)
-.
I Document ID: Title: I Issue No.: IConfidential grade: | Page 7 of 37 |
C TEH PCooe
-v--H V= 2E-4, TSurr= 700 C
A-H Hcn=25E-4. Tsurr= 7 0 C
-*-H. = 2E-4, T. = 500 C
-u- H = 25E-4, Tsrr= 50001
1200
10.
:
IJJ900
700
10 20 30 40
LINEAR HEAT RATE (WIcm)50
Figure 4. Maximum surfixe cladding temperature as afunction of LHR using for differentconvective het transfer coefcients and surroundings temperatures
LOCA-Tests-IFA-650. 1
Cladding temperature transient control by:
- Linear heat rate ( LHR) (10 -40 W/cm)
w Spray system
- Heated flow separator ( up to 20 W/em)
LOCA-Tests-IFA-650. 1
Test scheme for the first rod.
1 - Steady-state operation (10-50 W/cm) withloop 13 connected
2 - Disconnection of loop 13.Natural convection flow3 - Blow-down (< 30 secs) (to dump tank)4 - Heat-up (< 2 mins)5-6-
Peak clad temperatures (PCT) 800-1100 degr.CQuench by spray. Disconnect dump tank
7 - Re-establishment of state 28 - Repeat and re-run
(and 1)
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Institutt for energiteknikkOECD HALDEN REACTOR PROJECT
LOCA TRIAL RUNS - IFA-6501
* Blow-down tests at zero power* Power calibrations (-1 8 MW)* Trial runs (5m6 MW)800 0C ( runs)
- 14 W/cm (rod) + 6 W/cn (heater)-1 4 W/cm + 6 W/cm
1100 0C (4 runs)-20- 25
-25- 30
W/cmW/cmW/cmW/cm
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1 8 W/cm20 Wcm
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File: HSoaf 1116-0 WSW 7
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INSTITUlT FOR ENERGITEKMKK
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11501100
1050
1000950
900
850
800
750
700
650
600
:(- 550-50
450
400
350--
INSTITUTT FOR ENERGITEKNIKKOECD Halden Reactor Project
IFA-650.1 CLADDING SURFACE TEMPERATURES
From: 2003/0W20 1iQ0To : 2/0W28 28!59
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Time (hours)
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INSTITUTT FOR ENERGITEKNIKKOECD Halden Reactor Project
LOCA Trial Runs, IFA-650.11 st Run, Ord = 14 W/cm, Qheater = 6 W/cm, TFmax = 8500C
in 11.I I I II 9J
90- -P- CHANNEL PRESSURE- T- COOLANTTEMPERATURE
80-
.0n
cn:
(0CCEL
70-
60-
50-
40-
30-
20-
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350
325
300
275
250
225200
175
150
125
*100.75
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0~
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10
I-- - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -~ ~~- -[U--
120 240 360 480 600 720 840 960 1080 ...200
12C
10C
0
0~
LUtrD
ILL
8C
6C
-0- LINEAR HEAT RATE OF HEATER-1- TCC1
)0- -2 - TCC23- TCC3 20
-- I -- TCHI
-2-- TCH2-F- TF
-15
10
0~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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A..~~A2 .
-0
LU
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20
0 120 240 360 480 600 i
TIME (sec)i20 840 960 1080 200
INSTITUTT FOR ENERGITEKNIKKOECD Halden Reactor Project
LOCA Trial Runs, IFA-650.12nd Run Qrod -14 W/cm, Qheater 6 W/cm, TFmax 91 00C
100 ' i* -350
. 32590- -P- CHANNEL PRESSURE
-T- COOLANT TEMPERATURE 30080 275
70 - -…T…- 20 0
20 60 200-
50 175
40 150
U) 800 F TF <r -3 125 w100
P ~~~~~~~~w20- 75 '
5010 ______PP2
4 00 ~~~~120 240 360 480 600 720 840 960 1080 1200
- U - LINEAR HEAT RATE OF HEATER-1- ~TCC1
1000- -2- Tcc2-3- TCC3 20~
-15
D 600-
-10 Lw
0.400-
H,',','~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ z
TIME (sec)
INSTITUTT FOR ENERGITEKNIKKOECD Halden Reactor Project
LOCA Trial Runs, IFA-650.13rd Run, Qrod 20 W/cm, Qheater = 1 2 W/cm, TFm =91 00C
100- . . I . .I . I...I...1..I...I... 350
: . ~~~~~~~~~~~~~32590- -p- CHANNEL PRESSURE
-T - COOLANT TEMPERATURE 30080-: 275
70 T 250225
~60 '10200 a
50 175 CCIr ~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~150 ~
D 40co , (1) 1~~~~~~~~~25 w30- 100 2
20 75 F50
10 :_ _ _J 25p -Tp __t
0 .0,. .0 120 240 360 480 600 720 840 960 1080 00
1200- . 25-a- LINEAR HEAT RATE OF HEATER-1- TCC1
1000- - 2- TCC2-3- TCC3 20-- 1 -- TCH1 =
TCH2~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~C
800-. -F TF / <
w ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~
F ~~~~~~~~~~~~10 I-o 00- - / - 1
w n
TIME (sec)
INSTITUTT FOR ENERGITEKNIKKOECD Halden Reactor Project
LOCA Trial Runs, IFA-650.14th Run, rod = 25 W/cm, Qheater = 6 W/cm, TFmX = 960°C
100- . . 350325
90 -P- CHANNEL PRESSURE- T- COOLANT TEMPERATURE 300
80 275
70 ~ P 25070 -- ….-'~~~~~~~~~Doe 225E . |~~~~~~~I ' 1 o
t0 ) 120 240 360 480 600 720 840 960 1080 200
50- 175
120 . D f 2
T- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~150 D 40U) CCCO 1 2 5 wlu30 a.o~
CC000 2 -TC
(L ~~~~~~~~~~w20 5 I-
lo- ~~~P 50
0 I I I I I l 9 * ' 1 ' .
0 120 240 360 480 600 720 840 960 1080 200
LINEAR HEAT RATE OF HEATER-1- ~TCC1
1000- -2- TCC2-3-- TCC3 2-- I -- TCHI--2--TCH20
800- -F- TF
R., -~~~~~15w <
D600-
-10 ww 0.. 400- c
wI-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~.
200-
20 240 360 48 600 720 84 960 108010
TIME (sec)
INSTITUTT FOR ENERGITEKNIKKOECD Halden Reactor Project
LOCA Trial Runs, IFA-650.15th Run, Qrod = 25 W/cm, cheater = 20 W/cm, TFmax = 11000C
In A .- . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
I VJ
90- -P- CHANNEL PRESSURE- T- COOLANTTEMPERATURE
80-.
70
~0LU
C)U)wEr0_
60-
50-
40*
30-
20-
10-
T
350325
300275
250
225
200
175
-150L1 25
-100
~75-50-25
z'
LUcI-
------------U .. . . . . . . . . . . . ..U
- 0 120 240 360 480 600 720 840 960 i 080 200
1200
1000-
. . . . . . . . . .
I - - - - --- - - - - - - - - - - - - I'-~ 0L
0
UJ
ccD
ccLUa-LIU
800-
600
-0- LINEAR HEAT RA-1- TCC1-2- TCC2-3- TCC3-- I -- TCH1-- 2-- TCH2-F- TF
-- O fl
TE OF HEATER
-20
-15
-10
.5
fc%.
-0
z
It
400+F
200-
I . . . I
0 i20 240 360 480 600 720 840 960 1080TIMF (R~A.)
200
U- :, .. -. !-: :
INSTITUTT FOR ENERGITEKNIKKOECD Halden Reactor Project
LOCA Trial Runs, IFA-650.16th Run, Qrod 30 W/cm Qheater = 22 W/cm, TFma, = 12000C
11
U)(n
Er0L
I-
LEwL0~w1
.4
1
1
wa:cc
ccw0-
wIL
0
LU
a:I-
z
TIME (sec)
INSTITUTT FOR ENERGITEKNIKKOECD HaIden Reactor Project
LOCA Trial Runs, IFA-650.1
: :~~~~~~~~~~~~~~:
5 rT---I4I~rT-.-, .. . ..
3-;-- Rd pressure SUN3 FMAX= 910 C-6 Rdd pressure FUN6 trFX= 1200C
C')(.0 3.5 ---------------w
0 2 1 . I ..0 2 -CC2.5* |
20 0 0 0 0 0 809010 1010
CLADDING TEMPERATURE (C) Plotted: 20030623 15:26650-1 /plots/eko/pf-cl-temp.plot
$ zz 4 INSTITUlT FOR ENERGITEKNIKIHRs OECD Halden Reactor Project
LOCA Trial Runs, IFA-650. 1,6- .. ..I.- .-| ,.I., ...II .. 6
1- Cladding Elongation RUNi TFM = 8300C-3- Cladding Elongation RUN3 TFMAX = 9100
E -6- Cladding Elongation RUN6 TFMA = 12000 C 5E MA . E
zo z-J t __B y 0
Z 34 < 3 (53
o z0 w~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
3 ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~~ -' (9h
- :- 3
1 1
0 *20 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200CLADDING TEMPERATURE (C) Plotted, 20030624 13:42
N1. TFUTT FOR EERWGIEKNKK
HALDEN REACTOR PROJECT
LOCA Trial Runs - IFA-650.1
Summary:
Trial, runs on May 23 (from 70 bar)- 2 runs to PCT = 8000C- 4 runs to PCT = 1 00C
. Loop and rig worked well
. Rod instrumentation worked well* PCT reached by adjusting
- LHGR (1 5 - 30 W/cm)- Heater (6 - 20 W/cm)
. Blowdown times -30 secs* Quench by spray system. Check of axial power profile. Next test in Swteale Ocfobe-
(pressurised PWR rod)
File: m: \users\kolstad\overh.doc
9
Instttutt for energlteknikkOECD HALDEN REACTOR PROJECT
Test Objects
P Pair of rods (50 - 80 MWd/kg, 40 -50 cm length) fromcommercial LWRs to be tested in PWR and BWRconditions, suitable to address possible effect of axialfuel fragment relocation
- when does it occur (blow-down/heat-up, quenching)?- does bonding prevent the movement of fragments?
e Include medium bumup fuel (.40 MWd/kg, less or nobonding) to bridge the gap between low and highbumupVVER fuel envisaged for testing at a later stage
14
Instituti for energiteknikk__ jF OECD HALDEN REACTOR PROJECT
LOCA FUEL BEIAVIOUR TESTS lFA-650 (PWR)
Loading/Materials 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005
IFA - 650.1 (PWR)(Fresh rod)
W h =A-650.2 (PWR) - IE
IFA-650.3 (PWR) - P
IFA-650.4 (BWR)B (Fresh rod) l
W V IFA-650.5 (BWR) - p
IFA-650.6 (BWR)
IFA-650.7 (BWR)
Instrumentation: Cladding TCs, 1 PF & 1 ECHe3 coil, Flow control, spray system
J1Tegn HLARY 14/5-2001 M Use SMfSiWd~wWsWWUiK1 0
or