Hajj SeminarDelivered at ICN Ogden

September 30, 2012Mir Rizwan Ali

Hajj as an Obligation• Verily, the first House (of worship) appointed for mankind

was that at Bakkah (Makkah), full of blessing, and a guidance for Al-'Alamin (mankind and jinn).

• 97 In it are manifest signs (for example), the Maqam (place) of Ibrahim (Abraham); whosoever enters it, he attains security. And Hajj (pilgrimage to Makkah) to the House (Ka'bah ) is a duty that mankind owes to Allah, those who can afford the expenses (for one's conveyance, provision and residence); and whoever disbelieves [i.e. denies Hajj (pilgrimage to Makkah), then he is a disbeliever of Allah], then Allah stands not in need of any of the 'Alamin (mankind, jinn and all that exists) .

Hadeeth on importance of Hajj • Islam was built on five pillars and amongst the pillars

mentioned, is Hajj to the house for those that can afford it• The Prophet سلم و عليه الله said “Umrah to Umrah is صلى

an expiation (an act that can have all of the sins forgiven between them) there is no reward for an accepted Hajj except jannah.

• The Prophet سلم و عليه الله also said that whoever صلىperforms Hajj and he does not act immorally and he does not commit sins (intentionally) he will return from Hajj like the day his mother gave birth to Him.”

Conditions of Hajj Mabroor• Sincerely for the sake of Allah• Following the sunnah of the Prophet سلم و عليه الله صلى• To avoid committing sins intentionally• The firm resolve to not return to sins that one was

previously committing

Who should perform Hajj?• Muslim• Reached puberty• To be of sound mind• To have financial means• To possess physical means• To have a mahram (for women)

When should one go?• As soon as possible• The Prophet سلم و عليه الله said صلى

“Expedite the performance of the duty of Hajj, because nobody knows what may obstruct one.” Ahmad

Types of Hajj• Hajj Tamattu• Hajj Qiran • Hajj Ifrad

Hajj Tamattu• Hajj combined with Umrah with two niyyat• Enter into first ihraam with the intention of Umrah• Perform Umrah and then trim the hair and get out of

ihraam• On the 8th of dhul Hijjah enter into second Ihraam with

the intention of performing Hajj

Hajj Qiran• Hajj is combined with Umrah without coming out of

Ihraam• Two actions one Ihraam• They type of Hajj the Messenger of Allah و عليه الله صلى

performed سلم

Hajj Ifrad• Hajj by itself

Ihraam• The rites of Hajj and Umrah begin by entering into the

state of Ihraam• For men two clean unfitted pieces of cloth: one for the top

called the rida and the bottom called the izaar• Shoes and sandals for the men must not cover the

ankles• Women are free to wear anything in accordance to the

shariah it does not have to be a specific color, but remember if a sister is not dressed properly she is ruining her own Hajj and the Hajj of others

Ihraam Picture

Preparing for Ihraam• Trimming the nails• Shaving the underarms and pubic hair• Trimming the moustache• Performing ghusl• Applying itr to the head, beard and ihraam (men only)

Putting the Ihraam on• The right shoulder should only be exposed for tawaf for

umrah and tawaf al qudoom• It is allowed to wear a belt to help keep the bottom part

up• Allowed to wear watches, glasses, hearing aids,

sunglasses• No underwear (men only)• No covering the head (men only)• Ihraam must be adopted before reaching the meeqat• Reciting the niyyah out loud (preferably after salah)

Meeqat • Boundaries which cannot be crossed before a person

enters ihraam• If a person crosses the boundary without ihraam they

have to give expiation for this (fasting three days, feeding sixty poor people of the haraam, or sacrificing a sheep)

• Or leave the meeqat and then get their ihraam on then return

• Jeddah is within the Meeqat

Things that are forbidden in Ihraam• To wear fitted clothing (men only)• To use itr or perfume • Cutting the hair or the nails• Covering the head• To have sexual relations• Doing anything that may lead to sexual relations

Things that are forbidden in Ihraam cont.• To hunt any land animal or assist with its hunting except

crows, rats, scorpions, snakes, and black dogs• Not allowed to cut any trees or plants• If a person does these things out of ignorance or

forgetfulness, or is forced then they he/she does not have to give expiation

Penalty for committing a violation of Ihraam• Cutting the hair or nails, covering the head, using scents,

doing something that may lead to sexual intercourse- the expiation for these things is o Fasting three dayso Or feeding sixty poor people of the haraamo Sacrificing a sheep

• Hunting or killing an animalo Sacrifice something like it and distribute the meat to the pooro Find the value and pay that monetary value for food for the pooro Or fast a day for every poor person

Penalties cont.• A person who has sexual relations

Before getting out of the state of Ihraam (the first time meaning before tawaaf al-ifaadah)Must sacrifice a camel, return and complete Hajj, and make tawbahIf after the tawaf and before the completion of Hajj, does not invalidate the Hajj, but has to sacrifice a sheep

Entering the Masjid• When a Muslim arrives at Al-Masjid Al-Haraamit is

recommended for him to do the same that is to do whenever he enters any other mosque, that is, to enter the mosque with his right foot, and say, "Bismillaah; was-salaatu was-salaamu ‘ala Rasoollilaah. Allaahumma iftah li abwaaba rahmatik (In the Name of Allaah; may Allaah send blessings and peace upon the Messenger of Allaah . O Allaah, open the gates of Your Mercy before me)” and, “A‘oothu billaahi Al-‘Atheem wa biwajhihi Al-kareem wa bisultaanihi Al-qadeem min ash-shaytaan Ar-rajeem (I seek refuge with Allaah, the Most Great, and with His Bounteous Countenance and Eternal Power from Satan, the expelled (from the mercy of Allaah).”

• Be calm and prepare to be overwhelmed

Umrah• The Umrah consists of two main parts the tawaf and

saee• Uncover your right shoulder• Proceed to the Hajr Al-Aswad, if you cannot proceed

towards it and you will see green lights. • Say أكبر الله الله بسم• Make dua, dhikr, recite Quran• Sunnah to read و حسنة اآلخرة في و حسنة الدنيا في آتنا ربنا

النار عذاب between the rukn al yamaani and the Hajr قناal-Aswad

Tawaf cont.• Once you have reached the Hajr Al-Aswad you have completed

one circuit.• Continue again by either kissing, touching, or gesturing towards the

black stone and by saying أكبر الله الله until you complete بسمseven rounds (do not gesture, kiss or touch the Black stone at the end of the last circuit)

• Proceed towards maqaam Ibrahim (the footsteps of Ibrahim عليهالسالم

• Say the ayah• مصلى إبراهيم مقام من خذوا وات

• Cover your right shoulder, and pray two rakah behind it if possible or anywhere else• It is sunnah to recite Al-Kafiroon, and Ikhlaas in these two

rakahs

• Tawaf is complete

Saee• Before Saee drink Zamzam water and then proceed to

Saee• The saee is seven rounds the distance between safa and

marwa is 492 yards• Dua in your own language, dhikr,tasbih are all allowed

while performing saee• When you approach Safa it is sunnah to say the ayah الله� إ�ن شعآئ�ر� م�ن والمروة فا الص• And then say به الله بدأ بما أبدأ• When going up safa say أكبر الله و الله إال إله ال و لله الحمد• the dua also mentioned this can be made three times

along with any other dua while facing the kabah

Adhkaar of Safa Marwah • { الله� شعآئ�ر� م�ن والمروة فا الص “” {إ�ن إال إله ال به الله بدأ بما أبدأ

ال قدير، شيء كل على وهو الحمد وله الملك له له، شريك ال وحده اللهوحده األحزاب وهزم عبده، ونصر وعده، أنجز وحده، الله إال إله

• ‘Indeed Safa and Marwah are from the places of worship of Allaah…’ ‘I begin with what Allaah began with.’ …‘Allaah is the greatest, Allaah is the greatest, Allaah is the greatest.’)‘None has the right to be worshipped except Allaah, alone, without partner. To Him belongs all sovereignty and praise and He is over all things omnipotent. None has the right to be worshipped except Allaah alone. He fulfilled His promise, aided His Servant and single-handedly defeated the allies.’ …he (S) would repeat this action at Marwah.

Saee cont• Between Safa and Marwah there are green lights

between these lights it is recommended that men walk briskly and women remain behind

• No dua at the end of the seventh round on Marwah• After the seventh round the saee is complete, now a

person must cut or shave their head before they can come out of the state of Ihraam

• Now the umrah is complete Alhumdulilah

Break

6

4

3

1

The pillars of Hajj• Ihraam for Hajj ie. The intention more than the clothing• Standing on the plains of Arafah• Tawaf Al-Ifaadah• Saee for Hajj

Waajibaat (Obligatory Acts of Hajj)• Ihraam at the Meeqat• Being at Arafat until Maghrib• Spending the night in Muzdalifah• Throwing the stones in jamaraat• Shaving the head or cutting the hair• Spending the nights in mina• Performing tawaaf al-widaa (menstruating women are

exempted from this without having to offer a sacrifice)

Hajj day by day- Day 1 8th of Dhul Hijjah (yawm al-tarwiyah)• The pilgrim performing tamattu enters into Ihraam from

his place (labbaykh Allahuma Hajjan)• The pilgrims head to Mina after Fajr and stay in Mina

from Dhur all the way to till fajr on the 9th day• All prayers are performed at their appointed time, but

Dhur,Asr, and Isha are shortened to two Rakat

Day 2 9th Dhul Hijjah standing at Arafat• After praying Fajr wait until sunrise and then leave for

Arafat• Make a lot of Duah, the Prophet سلم و عليه الله has صلى

said “Hajj is arafat”• Stay close to your group and tent, no need to go to jabal

rahma or the masjid • Pray Dhur and Asr together at the time of Dhur shortened

to two rakahs, with one adhaan and two iqamaahs• After sunset leave for muzdalifah (pray Maghrib and Isha

together in muzdalifah)

Best Dua the day of Arafah• أنا قلت ما وخير عرفة، يوم دعاء الدعاء خير : شريك ال وحده الله إال إله ال قبلي من ون بي والن

ق شيء كل على وهو الحمد وله الملك له له،• The best of supplications is the supplication on the day of

‘Arafah and the best which I and the Prophets before me have said (is): ‘None has the right to be worshipped except Allaah, alone, without partner. To Him belongs all praise and sovereignty and He is over all things omnipotent.’

Day 2 (Night) staying in Muzdalifah• Distance is only 9 km, but can take anywhere from 1-16

hours• Pray maghrib and Isha together with one adhaan two

iqamaas• Find a nice place to sleep• Open space there is nothing there• Collect stones for the jamaraat• Pray Fajr here- some of the scholars have allowed

leaving early• Especially those with women and elderly

Open ground If a person’s bus is within Muzadilfah boundaries and stays in his/her bus this is okay

Day 3 10th of Dhul Hijjah• The Day of Nahr the day of Eid• After praying Fajr in Muzdalifah leave for Mina before the

sun rises.• Then proceed to mina and stone the big “devil” with

seven stones• The sacrificing should take place• And then shaving or trimming of the head

• Three times more rewarding for shaving the head• A person is out of the state of ihraam, all sanctions are

lifted except sexual relations• This will be lifted after a person goes to Makkah and

perform tawaf and saee

Day 3 10th of Dhul Hijjah cont• Tawaf Al-Hajj must be performed by everyone, women

during there menses and post natal bleeding must perform this tawaf as well

• After the tawaf then proceed to saee like you did during umrah

• After saee all restrictions are lifted, a person must go back to mina and spend the nights in Mina

Day 4 11th of Dhul Hijjah• Important to spend most of the time in Mina especially

the nights. • Collect 21 pebbles 7 for each of the devils• After stoning the jamrah then face the qiblah and make

dua (out of the way of any stoning)• Ramy is not to be done before zawal.• If the pligrim did not perform tawaf al-ifaadah then he

must do so on this day• VIP vs. non-VIP

Day 5 12th of Dhul Hijjah• The pilgrim does the same thing as the previous day, but

if he wants to leave should do so before maghrib• If crowded and cannot do so then after maghrib is

permissible

Tawaf Al-Widaa• Farewell Tawaf- last act to be performed before leaving

Makkah• Wajib act of Hajj- if a person decides to leave the Haraam

and then come back he should still perform it before he leaves

• If a person is staying in Makkah, he performs it before he leaves

• Insha’Allah the Hajj is complete

Visting Madinah•Not a part of Hajj• Intention should be to visit the Masjid•Enter pray two rakahs

▫on the authority of Abu Hurayrah that the Prophet, , said: "Performing a single prayer in this mosque of mine is better than performing a thousand prayers in any other mosque, except in Al-Masjid Al-Haraam (the Grand Mosque in Makkah)." [Al-Bukhaari and Muslim]

Entering the Masjid• When a Muslim arrives at Al-Masjid An-Nabawi, it is

recommended for him to do the same that is to do whenever he enters any other mosque, that is, to enter the mosque with his right foot, and say, "Bismillaah; was-salaatu was-salaamu ‘ala Rasoollilaah. Allaahumma iftah li abwaaba rahmatik (In the Name of Allaah; may Allaah send blessings and peace upon the Messenger of Allaah . O Allaah, open the gates of Your Mercy before me)” and, “A‘oothu billaahi Al-‘Atheem wa biwajhihi Al-kareem wa bisultaanihi Al-qadeem min ash-shaytaan Ar-rajeem (I seek refuge with Allaah, the Most Great, and with His Bounteous Countenance and Eternal Power from Satan, the expelled (from the mercy of Allaah).”

Sending Salaam on the Messenger of Allah صلى الله عليه و سلم • After praying, it is recommended for one to go to

the grave of the Prophet, , and the graves of his two Companions, Abu Bakr and ‘Umar and greet them, saying, "Peace be upon you, O Messenger of Allaah, and the mercy and blessings of Allaah; peace be upon you O Abu Bakr; peace be upon you O ‘Umar." Then, one should leave and not wait there, as Ibn ‘Umar and his father used to do whenever he returned from a journey. If one is to say additional supplications for them then that it is also permissible, Allaah willing.

• Make sure you know what you are saying and make Dua to Allah

Visiting Other Places in AlMadinah• It is recommended for the person who lives in

Madeenah to perform Wudhoo’ (ritual ablution) his home and then go to the mosque of Qubaa‘ and pray two Rak‘ahs there, as the Prophet, , said: "Whoever performs Wudhoo‘ in his home and then goes to the mosque of Qubaa‘ and prays two Rak‘ahs there, (the reward of) that would be like the reward of (performing) ‘Umrah." [Saheeh] [Ahmad, An-Nasaa’i and others]

• It is also recommended visit the graveyard of Al-Baqee‘ and the graves of the martyrs of Uhud, for the Prophet, , would visit their graves and supplicate for them. Moreover, the Prophet, , said: "I had previously forbidden you from visiting graves, but you may now visit them."[Muslim]