Gymnosperms. Gymnosperms are vascular plants that produce cones.
Gymnosperms and Angiosperms Monocotyledons and Dicotyledon.
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Transcript of Gymnosperms and Angiosperms Monocotyledons and Dicotyledon.
Gymnosperms and Angiosperms Monocotyledons and Dicotyledon
In order to be able to identify a plant and put it in the right family, you need to know the terminology to use
• gymnosperm – “naked seed” • no true fruits
• no flowers
Angiosperm means “covered seed”
Have flowers Have fruits with seeds Live everywhere – dominant
plants in the world 260,000 species (88% of Plant
Kingdom) Angiosperms are the most
successful and advanced plants on earth
Angiosperms are divided into monocots and dicots
The first leaves first of a young plant develop and are called as cotyledons (seed leaves)
Monocots have one cotyledon (corn, lily, etc).
Dicots have two cotyledons (bean, oak, etc).
FEATURE MONOCOTS DICOTS
Cotyledons 1 2
Leaf venation parallel broad
Root system Fibrous Tap
Number of floral parts
In 3’s In 4’s or 5’s
Vascular bundle position
Scattered Arranged in a circle
Woody or herbaceous
Herbaceous Either
Monocots – blade like leaf blade – wrap around the stem – no petiole – have main vascular bundles running parallel along length of leaf
Dicots – Have both a leaf blade and a petiole – single midrib (Vascular bundles) with branches
◦ Dicots form one primary root◦ Monocots branch to form the fibrous root
Tap Root◦ Have a main central root and may have some
lateral branching
Fibrous◦ Have many roots of equal size and a lot of lateral
branching◦ Fibrous roots are generally much more diffuse
and closer to the surface
◦ Dicots –have sepals and/or petals in multiples of four or five
◦ Monocots – have sepals in multiples of threes
Monocot stem
Dicot stem
Monocot stem
Dicot stem
Herbaceous stems◦ Lack secondary growth - because plants only live
one year/growing season (annuals)
◦ Stems remain soft and flexible◦ Buds lack protective scales (don’t need to survive
harsh conditions)
Woody stems◦ Plants living and growing over multiple seasons
have secondary growth (xylem, phloem) increasing diameter of the stems
These are a type of plant that reproduce by seeds not contained in a flower
angiosperms gymnosperms ferns
These are a type of plant that reproduce by seeds not contained in a flower
angiosperms gymnosperms ferns
The flowering plant group which is the biggest in the plant kingdom is
A. ferns B. angiosperms C. gymnosperms
The flowering plant group which is the biggest in the plant kingdom is
A. ferns B. angiosperms C. gymnosperms
Angiosperms differ from mosses, ferns and fungi in that they have
A. True leaves, stems and roots B. Mycelium C. Fronds
Angiosperms differ from mosses, ferns and fungi in that they have
A. True leaves, stems and roots B. Mycelium C. Fronds
Angiosperms are the most advanced plant group.
True False
Angiosperms are the most advanced plant group.
True False
Dicot
Moncot
Moncot
Dicot
Moncot