Gupta and Pollack - Equipping Today's High Tech Snowfighters4. Snow plow safety. Slide presentation,...

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Venu J. Gupta, P.E., SuperintendentRichard Pollack, Training Instructor

Department of Public WorksCity of Milwaukee

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City of Milwaukee

Located on the Shores of Lake MichiganPopulation………………………..….596,974Streets…………………………….....1,415 milesBridges…………………...……….….220

� Equipping Today’s High Tech Snow Fighters

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Snow and Ice Control Operations

Six Sanitation Districts

Salt Capacity16,000 tons

Liquid Calcium Chloride, (CaCl2) 47,000 gallons


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Snow and Ice Operations

Mission: Remove Snow and Ice

� Expeditiously

� Economically

� Provide safety for travelling public

� Minimize economical losses to community


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Early Fall

Making Equipment Count...and Counting Equipment

Plows - moldboards-cutting edgesSnowplow Hoists - underbody bladesPneumatic and Hydraulic Systems - hosesSpreaders - spinners, augers, auxiliary equipmentpumps, hoses, controls, calibrationElectrical EquipmentCommunication EquipmentSafety EquipmentTraining of New Drivers


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Theory versus Hand-On


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Theory

� Administrative Procedures� Safety Program and Requirements� Equipment Operation and Inspection� Material Application� Material Spreader Controls� Spreader Calibrations� Communication System� New Snow and Ice Policies� Plowing Techniques� Training Assessment


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Hands On

ShopPre-Trip Inspections

Over the RoadSkills Demonstration - dry no snow or iceSkills Demonstration - actual snow and ice conditions


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Weather Information

Murray and Trettel, Northfield, IllinoisSurface Systems, Inc. (SSI), St. Louis, Missouri

Surface SensorsNorth 115th Street and West Silver Spring DriveNorth 92nd Street and West Chester StreetSouth 6th Street Bridge Weather Station

State of Wisconsin Sensor Network

Department of Transportation

Vehicles Equipped with Infrared SensorsAmbient TemperaturePavement Temperature


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Snow and Ice Control

Incidental SaltingsBridge Run

18 Salt trucksGeneral Ice Control, (GIC)

Salt treated with liquid calcium chloride90 salt trucks

General Plowing, (more than three inches of snow)90 to 105 salt trucks125 garbage packersContractors, as neededTwelve to eighteen hours

Snow EmergencyClean up Operations


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Snow and Ice Control Strategies -Methods Available

� Road and weather conditionsThat existThat are forecastThat need to be acted upon

� Equipment and Material AvailabilityCapabilityLimitations


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Anti-Icing

Using 23%, (23.3%) Sodium Chloride, NaCl at up to 15 F

De-IcingSalt, “de-icer of choice”

Pre-wettingWith Calcium Chloride, Magnesium Chloride

Road Weather Information System, (RWIS)Pavement and environmental sensorsPredict whether precipitation will freeze on the pavement

Surveillance CamerasMonitor visibility and the presence of precipitation


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Re-Designed, Re-Tooled Snow and Ice Control

� Snow Fighter Training Program

Vehicle Technicians

Experienced Operators New Operators

Trainers

Fleet Management


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Creating Highly Skilled Snow Fighters

Key to acquiring the necessary motor skillsis to control complex systems safely and efficiently.

Hands on coached training


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What is Skill?

High quality of outputGood deal of consistencySmoothness of motionPro-active thinkingAdaptability to changing environmentCapability for skill improvement

Motivation, fatigue, boredom, noise and temperaturemay impact performance.

Eliminate the extraneous effects as much as possibleto improve learning curves or performance curves.


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Creative Symphony Out of Musicians

Everyone marching to the same drum beat.

Optimizing winter maintenance performance.

Training, Training, Training!


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Retooled Training

Timing

Presentations

Testing for Retention


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Benefits of Re-Tooled Program

Efficiency and Effectiveness

Safety

Environmental

Cost

Equipment

Legal/Litigation

Levels of Service Policy


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Transfer of Training

Classroom - First time information

40% Lost within weeks

25% Remains after six months

15% Remains after first year


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Strategies to Increase Retention

Live examplesShare anecdotal experienceVary training based on number of years experienceUse best drivers to help train rookiesCase studiesPhotosVideoSoftware based trainingAnnual review methods and materials

Reinforces learning


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Techniques to Speed Learning and to Improve Retention

The Brain in the Learning Process

Left Side of BrainLogicalLinearSequential reasoning

Right Side of BrainHolistic viewCreative imaginationLong term memoryAppropriate music• Alpha brain rhythm• Seven to thirteen pulses per secondVisualizeMake associationsEmotionsVideo therapy


Mandala by Iraci Santana

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2004 Driver/Operator Training SummaryCity of Milwaukee, Department of Public Works-Fleet Services


Total Personnel Trained…………………………………….Training Sessions……………………………………………Snow Plow Refresher Classes……………………………..Snow Fighters………………………………………………..Training Categories………………………………………….Full Time Instructors………………………………………...

Total Years of Experience………………………………..Auxiliary Instructors………………………………………….

Total Years of Experience………………………………..Grand Total Years of Experience………………………….CDL Tests Given…………………………………………….Programs started in 1991, with 5 third party examiners

Tests Given………………………………………………...Today in 2005, 10 third party examiners

Total tests given to date…………………………………..Vehicle Accidents Investigated……………………………..

Preventable………………………………………………...Non-preventable…………………………………………...Investigative………………………………………………..

7554691338738245 years580 years125 years345

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5,882442217124101

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Two Day Snow Plow Training - Day One

Sign in, introduction and explanations, (check for valid driver’s license).Videos:1. Class B Pre-Trip, (explain importance of pre-trip after video).2. Plow power, (different maneuvers, techniques and safety).3. City of Pittsburgh, (how to handle a large truck and driving techniques).4. Snow plow safety.Slide presentation, (various equipment, plows, location, mount, dismount, etc.)

Coffee Break 9:20-9:40a.m.

Snow plow driver orientation handout. Use other various handouts and “Plow Bible”as reference for point you are trying to make. Also use board to show varioustechniques.(Classroom should finish up about 11:00a.m.)Entire class outside for hands on pre-trip, including plow hitch and snow plowinspection, then practice mounting and dismounting plows, (including new d-ring plow).

Lunch Break 12:00-12;30p.m.

Afternoon should be spent on road practicing, (concentrate on curb cuts).Return to yard about 3:00p.m., (questions and discussion with students).

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Two Day Snow Plow Training - Day Two

Check for valid driver’s licenses, explain days activities.Video-Plowing with automatic transmission.Review-techniques, progress from Day One, (weak points, problems, etc.).Entire class outside for practice, (on the road).

Coffee Break 9:20-9:40a.m.

Road test immediately after morning break, (let the training coordinator know whopassed or failed as soon as possible).

Lunch Break 12:00-12;30p.m.

Salter class.Explanations of salters and salt operations, time sheets and repair tickets.Videos:1. Dickey John ICS 20002. Call-out procedure, (how we currently handle it).Slide presentation, (checking out salter for operation, damage, control, etc.)Questions and discussion.Take entire class outside for hands on operation.Show students new salter, pre-wetting controls and old salter system, (along withsuper salter, if possible). 24

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Display PushbuttonsThere are three momentary contact pushbuttons located on the front of the 999J display. These pushbuttons are recessed and are accessed through small holes in the display lens. Pressing any pushbutton will briefly sound the meter’s beeper to confirm the operation. These buttons are designated, from left to right as Menu/Zero, Dec and Inc.Menu/Zero: Performs multiple functions.Calibrations: If the sensor is pointed at an “Ice Bath” press and release Menu/Zero to calibrate. It will only allow one to calibrate the sensor if it is within a given range, (+/- 5F @ 32F). You will know that you are looking at ice when you hear the alarm sound. Once pointed at ice and the Menu/Zero button has been pressed and released the left most digits will flash. Keep the sensor pointed at ice for six or seven seconds until the left-most digits quit flashing. The sensor is now calibrated to ice or 32F. Again, if the sensor is not pointing at ice the calibration function will not work.


Front Panel View

Infrared Pavement Temperature Sensor

Rear Panel View

Ambient Sensor

Light showspower is on

Plug locksinto place,(top view)

Align, plugand turnforwaterproofseal

Power Ambient Sensor Celsius/FahrenheitPlug Plug Switch

Suction Cup

IncreaseDecrease

Menu/ZeroLow Temp.

Alarm Light(Alarm sounds

with light)

RS232output

Control Products Inc., Model 999J, Surface Patrol, Estimated Cost-$999.00

999J I.R. Temperature Sensor - Calibration and Operation

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Audio/Video DVD/CD Production System

CPU…………………………………….Memory………………………………...Primary Hard Drive, for all software...Secondary Hard Drive, for all data….Video Card…………………………….

Video Monitors………………………..Sound Card…………………………...Converter Card………………………..Digital Memory Card Reader………..

Operating System…………………….

Video Editing…………………………..

Sound Editing…………………………

Drawing………………………………...

Office Suite…………………………….

P4 3.8 GHz……………..………….……by Intel3 GB RAM80 GB Serial-ATA Drive250 GB Serial-ATA DriveATI Radeon X850XT PCI -express w/256MB memory…………………………..……...by Power Cooler20” Flat Screen LCD Monitors (x’s 2)Delta 101OLT………………………..….by M-AudioAdvanced Digital Video Converter 50..by CanopusMAUSB-10………………………....……by Olympus

Windows XP Pro w/SP2…………..…...by Microsoft

Vegas+DVD ver 5-bundle………….…..by Sony

Soundforge ver 7-bundle………..……..by Sony

Illustrator CS…………………….…..…..by Adobe

Office 2003 Pro…………………….……by Microsoft

Dell Optiplex GX280-Mini Tower PC

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Thank You&

Happy Snow Plowing


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Gupta and Pollack - Equipping Today's High Tech Snowfighters4. Snow plow safety. Slide presentation,...

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