Guilminot E. Electrolytic Treatment in Situ Conserv. Marine Artefacts. 2010
-
Upload
trinidad-pasies-arqueologia-conservacion -
Category
Documents
-
view
220 -
download
0
Transcript of Guilminot E. Electrolytic Treatment in Situ Conserv. Marine Artefacts. 2010
8/7/2019 Guilminot E. Electrolytic Treatment in Situ Conserv. Marine Artefacts. 2010
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/guilminot-e-electrolytic-treatment-in-situ-conserv-marine-artefacts-2010 1/34
1/32 Leiden, January 2010
REMOTE MONITORING OF ELECTROLYTIC
TREATMENT: APPLICATION FOR THECONSERVATION OF MARINE ARTEFACTS
Elodie Guilminot
© DRASSM
© DRASSM
© DRASSM
8/7/2019 Guilminot E. Electrolytic Treatment in Situ Conserv. Marine Artefacts. 2010
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/guilminot-e-electrolytic-treatment-in-situ-conserv-marine-artefacts-2010 2/34
Electrolysis of marine artifacts
Marine artifacts need
a dechlorination
Background Information
Destructive effect
of chlorides
2/32 Leiden, January 2010
Immersion
in alkaline solutions
Cathodic
polarisation
Advantages:
Facility to remove concretions
Preservation of the original surface
Difficulties:
Good electric contacts
Control of electrochemical parameters
© Arc’Antique
8/7/2019 Guilminot E. Electrolytic Treatment in Situ Conserv. Marine Artefacts. 2010
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/guilminot-e-electrolytic-treatment-in-situ-conserv-marine-artefacts-2010 3/34
8/7/2019 Guilminot E. Electrolytic Treatment in Situ Conserv. Marine Artefacts. 2010
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/guilminot-e-electrolytic-treatment-in-situ-conserv-marine-artefacts-2010 4/34
Electrolysis of marine artifacts
Background Information: Main parameters
4/32 Leiden, January 2010
Solution : 2% KOH or NaOH
Removal of concretions
Object’s Potential : -1.6V/ESS
Actions:
Bubbles of H2 on metallic surface
Extraction of chlorides
Embrittlement of concretions
AND
Dechlorination
Others (I or U) depend on the size of object
Monitoring:
Object’s potential
Concentration of chlorides
Risks:
Cracking of the object
Corrosion of the anode
Mechanical
action to remove
concretions
8/7/2019 Guilminot E. Electrolytic Treatment in Situ Conserv. Marine Artefacts. 2010
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/guilminot-e-electrolytic-treatment-in-situ-conserv-marine-artefacts-2010 5/34
Electrolysis of marine artifacts
5/32 Leiden, January 2010
Solution : 1% KOH or NaOH
Dechlorination by
cathodic polarization
Object’s Potential : -1.45V/ESS
Actions:
No bubbles of H2
Extraction of chlorides
Dechlorination
Others (I or U) depend on the size of object
Monitoring:
Object’s potential
Concentration of chlorides
Risks:
Cracking of the object
Corrosion of the anode
Change of baths
Background Information: Main parameters
8/7/2019 Guilminot E. Electrolytic Treatment in Situ Conserv. Marine Artefacts. 2010
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/guilminot-e-electrolytic-treatment-in-situ-conserv-marine-artefacts-2010 6/34
Electrolysis of marine artifacts
6/32 Leiden, January 2010
Solution : distilled water
Rinsing under
polarization
Object’s Potential : -1.3V/ESS
Actions:
Protection of iron Extraction of KOH or NaOH
Others (I or U) depend on the size of object
Monitoring:
Object’s potential
Conductivity of the solution
Risks:
Corrosion of the object
Ohmic drop
Background Information: Main parameters
8/7/2019 Guilminot E. Electrolytic Treatment in Situ Conserv. Marine Artefacts. 2010
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/guilminot-e-electrolytic-treatment-in-situ-conserv-marine-artefacts-2010 7/34
Electrolysis of marine artifacts
In practice: Electric connections
7/32 Leiden, January 2010
Small objects Large objects
With agrinder tool
With a
drill
To verify the quality
of contacts
© Arc’Antique
© Arc’Antique
© Arc’Antique
8/7/2019 Guilminot E. Electrolytic Treatment in Situ Conserv. Marine Artefacts. 2010
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/guilminot-e-electrolytic-treatment-in-situ-conserv-marine-artefacts-2010 8/34
Electrolysis of marine artifacts
In practice: Electric connections
8/32 Leiden, January 2010
Small objects Large objects
To verify the
quality of contacts
With a
screw
clamp
With a
spring
© Arc’Antique
© Arc’Antique
© Arc’Antique
© Arc’Antique © Arc’Antique
8/7/2019 Guilminot E. Electrolytic Treatment in Situ Conserv. Marine Artefacts. 2010
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/guilminot-e-electrolytic-treatment-in-situ-conserv-marine-artefacts-2010 9/34
Electrolysis of marine artifacts
In practice: Conception of the anode
9/32 Leiden, January 2010
Small objects Large objects
Constructionof the anode
Blocks
© Arc’Antique
© Arc’Antique
© Arc’Antique
© Arc’Antique
8/7/2019 Guilminot E. Electrolytic Treatment in Situ Conserv. Marine Artefacts. 2010
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/guilminot-e-electrolytic-treatment-in-situ-conserv-marine-artefacts-2010 10/34
Electrolysis of marine artifacts
In practice: Polarization and monitoring
10/32 Leiden, January 2010
© Arc’Antique
© Arc’Antique
© Arc’Antique
8/7/2019 Guilminot E. Electrolytic Treatment in Situ Conserv. Marine Artefacts. 2010
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/guilminot-e-electrolytic-treatment-in-situ-conserv-marine-artefacts-2010 11/34
Electrolysis of marine artifacts
In practice: Interventions of the specialists
11/32 Leiden, January 2010
To remove the concretions
With a chisel
© Arc’Antique
© Arc’Antique
© Arc’Antique© Arc’Antique
8/7/2019 Guilminot E. Electrolytic Treatment in Situ Conserv. Marine Artefacts. 2010
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/guilminot-e-electrolytic-treatment-in-situ-conserv-marine-artefacts-2010 12/34
Electrolysis of marine artifacts
In practice: Interventions of the specialists
12/32 Leiden, January 2010
To remove the concretions
With a drilling machine
Discovery of
cannonball, hemp cord
and gunpowder
© Arc’Antique
© Arc’Antique
© Arc’Antique
8/7/2019 Guilminot E. Electrolytic Treatment in Situ Conserv. Marine Artefacts. 2010
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/guilminot-e-electrolytic-treatment-in-situ-conserv-marine-artefacts-2010 13/34
Electrolysis of marine artifacts
In practice: Interventions of the specialists
13/32 Leiden, January 2010
To change the solution
To turn over the objects
To fill the tank
© Arc’Antique
© Arc’Antique
8/7/2019 Guilminot E. Electrolytic Treatment in Situ Conserv. Marine Artefacts. 2010
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/guilminot-e-electrolytic-treatment-in-situ-conserv-marine-artefacts-2010 14/34
Electrolysis of marine artifacts
In practice: Interventions of the specialists
14/32 Leiden, January 2010
Final restoration
Application of a protection
Cleaning with a sandblaster Application of the wax
© Arc’Antique
© Arc’Antique
8/7/2019 Guilminot E. Electrolytic Treatment in Situ Conserv. Marine Artefacts. 2010
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/guilminot-e-electrolytic-treatment-in-situ-conserv-marine-artefacts-2010 15/34
Electrolysis of marine artifacts
Treatment Times
15/32 Leiden, January 2010
Size of objectsSmall objects Large objects
A few months to 1 year 3 to 6 years for a cast iron cannon ∼∼∼∼ 15 days of manual intervention for a 3 year treatment
Now 16 cannons and 2 anchor are treated
No more room in Arc’Antique
Waiting period for
new objects too long
© Arc’Antique
8/7/2019 Guilminot E. Electrolytic Treatment in Situ Conserv. Marine Artefacts. 2010
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/guilminot-e-electrolytic-treatment-in-situ-conserv-marine-artefacts-2010 16/34
Remote monitoring of Electrolytic treatment
16/32 Leiden, January 2010
First delocalized treatments
No more room in Arc’Antique
Increasing interest in marine cultural heritage
Since 2005, development of an electrolytic system by remote monitoring
Delocalized Treatments
Possibility to promote these cultural heritage
Whishes of local authorities and museums to treat objects on site
So long waiting time to treat the new marine artefacts
Large objects
1997: Mayotte 1999: Biscarosse 2002: Saint Brieuc
The success of the treatment depends on local people
Sometimes, the treatment was finished in Arc’Antique
8/7/2019 Guilminot E. Electrolytic Treatment in Situ Conserv. Marine Artefacts. 2010
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/guilminot-e-electrolytic-treatment-in-situ-conserv-marine-artefacts-2010 17/34
Remote monitoring of Electrolytic treatment
16/32 Leiden, January 2010
First delocalized treatments
No more room in Arc’Antique
Increasing interest in marine cultural heritage
Since 2005, development of an electrolytic system by remote monitoring
Delocalized Treatments
Possibility to promote these cultural heritage
Whishes of local authorities and museums to treat objects on site
So long waiting time to treat the new marine artefacts
Large objects
1997: Mayotte 1999: Biscarosse 2002: Saint Brieuc
The success of the treatment depends on local people
Sometimes, the treatment was finished in Arc’Antique
8/7/2019 Guilminot E. Electrolytic Treatment in Situ Conserv. Marine Artefacts. 2010
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/guilminot-e-electrolytic-treatment-in-situ-conserv-marine-artefacts-2010 18/34
Remote monitoring of Electrolytic treatment
17/32 Leiden, January 2010
The project
Site of the treatment
Arc’Antique laboratory
Measurement of main parameters by
treatment system
Communication by internet or network
Monitoring and control in Arc’Antique
Remote PC
8/7/2019 Guilminot E. Electrolytic Treatment in Situ Conserv. Marine Artefacts. 2010
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/guilminot-e-electrolytic-treatment-in-situ-conserv-marine-artefacts-2010 19/34
Remote monitoring of Electrolytic treatment
18/32 Leiden, January 2010
The first prototype
Serveur Arc’Antique
Programmable
stabilized
generatorPC card with
Windows XP
Acquisition system
The first prototype with commercial components
Modem
Faraway PC
Program under Labview
for Windows XP
Monitor
screen
Several access levels
0: Public1: local authorities
2: Arc’Antique
8/7/2019 Guilminot E. Electrolytic Treatment in Situ Conserv. Marine Artefacts. 2010
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/guilminot-e-electrolytic-treatment-in-situ-conserv-marine-artefacts-2010 20/34
Remote monitoring of Electrolytic treatment
19/32 Leiden, January 2010
The Saint Malo Project: First Tests Cannons from Natière 1 (Saint-Malo, France)
Frigate
“La Dauphine”
XVIIIth
century
9 cast iron
cannons
Treatment on site since March 2006
but not too far from Arc’Antique laboratory
© DRASSM
© DRASSM
8/7/2019 Guilminot E. Electrolytic Treatment in Situ Conserv. Marine Artefacts. 2010
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/guilminot-e-electrolytic-treatment-in-situ-conserv-marine-artefacts-2010 21/34
Remote monitoring of Electrolytic treatment
19/32 Leiden, January 2010
The Saint Malo Project: First Tests Cannons from Natière 1 (Saint-Malo, France)
Frigate
“La Dauphine”
XVIIIth
century
9 cast iron
cannons
Treatment on site since March 2006
but not too far from Arc’Antique laboratory
© DRASSM
© DRASSM
8/7/2019 Guilminot E. Electrolytic Treatment in Situ Conserv. Marine Artefacts. 2010
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/guilminot-e-electrolytic-treatment-in-situ-conserv-marine-artefacts-2010 22/34
Remote monitoring of Electrolytic treatment
20/32 Leiden, January 2010
The Saint Malo Project: First TestsTreatments on site
Cathodic Polarization
in KOH
usual devices(with 2 electrodes):
5 and 2 cannons
Comparison
between usual andnew electrolytic
device
Treatment in 3 tanks :
2 usual devices and the new electrolytic system by remote monitoring
Prototype by
remote monitoring(with 3 electrodes):2 cannons
© Arc’Antique
8/7/2019 Guilminot E. Electrolytic Treatment in Situ Conserv. Marine Artefacts. 2010
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/guilminot-e-electrolytic-treatment-in-situ-conserv-marine-artefacts-2010 23/34
Remote monitoring of Electrolytic treatment
21/32 Leiden, January 2010
The Saint Malo Project: First Tests
Control system on site
Training a local
operator to stir thesolution and take
samples of the solution
With this prototype
Potentiostatic
control in real timeMeasurement of the
potential value, the
current and the cell
voltage every second
Monitoring of thetreatment in
Arc’Antique
© Arc’Antique
8/7/2019 Guilminot E. Electrolytic Treatment in Situ Conserv. Marine Artefacts. 2010
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/guilminot-e-electrolytic-treatment-in-situ-conserv-marine-artefacts-2010 24/34
Remote monitoring of Electrolytic treatment
22/32 Leiden, January 2010
The Saint Malo Project: First ResultsComparison between a usual device and the prototype by remote control
usual device
1 week to regulate the potential
3 years - 8 baths - 14,8kg of Cl
Potentiostatic control in real time accelerates the regulation
Prototype by remote control
33 hours to regulate the potential
3 years - 8 baths - 17,6kg of Cl>>
The treatment by remote control extracts chlorides faster
[Cl-]by remote control
= 2× [Cl-]classical
8/7/2019 Guilminot E. Electrolytic Treatment in Situ Conserv. Marine Artefacts. 2010
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/guilminot-e-electrolytic-treatment-in-situ-conserv-marine-artefacts-2010 25/34
Remote monitoring of Electrolytic treatment
23/32 Leiden, January 2010
Limits of this first PrototypeTechnical problems
Power cuts, connection problems (low flow)
Defaults of communication
To avoid the use of Windows….
Problems with the reference electrode
SSE 2 months of life in alkaline solutions (SSE=0,6V/NHE)
Use of a metallic electrode (in W) but need for reference data
Hg/HgO adapted electrode in KOH (Hg/HgO=0,1V/NHE)To protect a commercial electrode with an extension
Instability to regulate the potential
Different objects (1 anchor and 2 cannons)
For the high power
To modify the program
Improvements Second system with industrial elements
8/7/2019 Guilminot E. Electrolytic Treatment in Situ Conserv. Marine Artefacts. 2010
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/guilminot-e-electrolytic-treatment-in-situ-conserv-marine-artefacts-2010 26/34
Remote monitoring of Electrolytic treatment
24/32 Leiden, January 2010
The new system: Kraken
Conception
More reliable, more compact, more robust lighter system
Easily transportable box
Electronic
integrated card
Different connections: intranet or modem (phone line, wifi, adsl, GSM, GPRS)
Project since 2008 - Financial support by Oseo
© A3IP
© A3IP
8/7/2019 Guilminot E. Electrolytic Treatment in Situ Conserv. Marine Artefacts. 2010
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/guilminot-e-electrolytic-treatment-in-situ-conserv-marine-artefacts-2010 27/34
Remote monitoring of Electrolytic treatment
25/32 Leiden, January 2010
The new system: KrakenCharacteristics
Equivalent with a numeric potentiostat adapted to the conservation treatment
Conditions of the use: -20/+55°C and <90%RH
Current range: 0-20A or 0-2A (precision: 10-1mA)
Cell voltage range: 0-20V or 0-20V
Power range: 0-150Watts or 0-40Watts
Precision of the potential object: about 1mV (Range potential: -5V/5V)
Possibility to connect 2 reference electrodes
Electric net: 110 or 120V / 50 or 60Hz (automatic detection)
Control and monitoring directly on the system or remote with web page
Possibility to stir the solution and to fill the tank automatically
Battery: Range of 30min to 1hour
8/7/2019 Guilminot E. Electrolytic Treatment in Situ Conserv. Marine Artefacts. 2010
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/guilminot-e-electrolytic-treatment-in-situ-conserv-marine-artefacts-2010 28/34
Remote monitoring of Electrolytic treatment
26/32 Leiden, January 2010
The new system: KrakenThe system
Inside
Rear view
Front face
© A3IP
© A3IP
© A3IP
8/7/2019 Guilminot E. Electrolytic Treatment in Situ Conserv. Marine Artefacts. 2010
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/guilminot-e-electrolytic-treatment-in-situ-conserv-marine-artefacts-2010 29/34
Remote monitoring of Electrolytic treatment
27/32 Leiden, January 2010
The new system: KrakenThe software
8/7/2019 Guilminot E. Electrolytic Treatment in Situ Conserv. Marine Artefacts. 2010
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/guilminot-e-electrolytic-treatment-in-situ-conserv-marine-artefacts-2010 30/34
Remote monitoring of Electrolytic treatment
28/32 Leiden, January 2010
The new system: KrakenThe software
8/7/2019 Guilminot E. Electrolytic Treatment in Situ Conserv. Marine Artefacts. 2010
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/guilminot-e-electrolytic-treatment-in-situ-conserv-marine-artefacts-2010 31/34
Remote monitoring of Electrolytic treatment
29/32 Leiden, January 2010
The new system: KrakenThe software
8/7/2019 Guilminot E. Electrolytic Treatment in Situ Conserv. Marine Artefacts. 2010
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/guilminot-e-electrolytic-treatment-in-situ-conserv-marine-artefacts-2010 32/34
Remote monitoring of Electrolytic treatment
30/32 Leiden, January 2010
The new system: KrakenThe software
8/7/2019 Guilminot E. Electrolytic Treatment in Situ Conserv. Marine Artefacts. 2010
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/guilminot-e-electrolytic-treatment-in-situ-conserv-marine-artefacts-2010 33/34
Remote monitoring of Electrolytic treatment
31/32 Leiden, January 2010
The new system: KrakenIn practice
Tests in Arc’Antique
Use in Saint Malo: Rinse of 5 cannons
Use in Batz Isle: Treatment of 2 cannons
Dechlorination
Maximum power: Rinse
© Arc’Antique
© Arc’Antique
8/7/2019 Guilminot E. Electrolytic Treatment in Situ Conserv. Marine Artefacts. 2010
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/guilminot-e-electrolytic-treatment-in-situ-conserv-marine-artefacts-2010 34/34
Remote monitoring of Electrolytic treatment
32/32 Leiden, January 2010
The new system: Kraken
Current developments
Development of the sensors to fill the tank
Improvement of the software:- Curves of measurements
- Management of several systems
Validation of European standard (CE)
Conclusions
Adapted tool to control and monitor the electrolytic treatment
Adapted tool to promote the cultural heritage for museums or local authoritiesPossible tool to teach electrochemical techniques to other laboratories
We can test this system during the experiment session