Guildhall Winchester Art Self-Tour

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Art in the Guildhall Winchester Guildhall

description

Walk around Guildhall Winchester and discover the story behind the art on display.

Transcript of Guildhall Winchester Art Self-Tour

Art in the GuildhallW

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Winchester City Council’s art collection is now cared

for by its museums service, though some of the

pictures have been in the possession of the City long

before 1847 when the museum was first founded.

Although the majority of the pictures in the art

collection are topographical, some of the oldest are

portraits of local gentry and civic dignitaries such as

mayors. Many of these are on display in the Guildhall

Winchester. The oldest pictures on display in the

Guildhall date from the early 17th Century.

It is not known by what means many of these

pictures came into the collection but some were

donated by benefactors and family members of the

sitters. Some were quite probably commissioned by

the sitter when they were occupying a position on the

Council. Others have been commissioned for civic

events such as Freedom Parades and then presented

to the City.

Old photographs of the Guildhall show that some of

the pictures hang in the same room as they were in

over one hundred years ago.

Introduction

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Ruins ofWolvesey

Watercolour

by Henry

Gastineau,

around 1830

located on

ground floor

Wolvesey Palace was one of the greatest medievalecclesiastical buildings of its time and was the mainresidence of the Bishops of Winchester throughoutthe medieval period. The structure we see today ismostly the remains of the work of Henry of Blois,Bishop of Winchester from 1129 to 1171.

Bapsybanoo (Bapsy) Marchioness ofWinchester (1902 – 1995)

Oil painting on canvas by Frank Salisbury, 1956

located on first floor

Bapsybanoo Pavry (Bapsy) was born in 1902 in Indiathe daughter of a priest of the Parsees in Bombay. In1952 she married the 16th Marquess of Winchesterand in 1961 signed the deed of settlement for the’Bapsy Marchioness of Winchester Memorial Hall’ tobe provided in her memory in Winchester after herdeath. You can read more about Bapsy in the displaycase near this portrait.

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Winchesterfrom the South

Oil painting on

canvas by Tobias

Young, 1803

located on first

floor

This view ofWinchester is froma position roughlywhere the Badger Farm Road roundabout is now.Notable buildings and features are the formerWinchester Palace on the left of the picture,Winchester Cathedral, St Cross Church and StCatherine's Hill.

King Charles I

oil painting on canvas, by an unknown artist

around 1650

located in King Charles Hall on first floor

The City of Winchester had been a Royalist city forthe majority of the Civil War and it was given onelast opportunity to display this loyalty in December1648. Charles was being transported fromCarisbrooke Castle to London and an overnight stopwas made in Winchester. The Mayor and Aldermenof Winchester received Charles with all dutifulrespect and presented him with the keys and maceof the City. When informed that this made themtraitors they protested their ignorance and withdrew.

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Sir William Paulet, First Marquess ofWinchester (around 1483 – 1572)

oil painting on panel by an unknown artist,

around 1600

located in King Charles Hall on first floor

William Paulet was the eldest son of St John Pauletof Basing Castle and a prominent politician of histime. William served as Sheriff and MP forHampshire and was given the title of Baron St John,Marquess of Winchester in 1551. He was also LordTreasurer of England.

George Morley, Bishop of Winchester (1597/8 – 1684)

Oil painting on canvas, around 1700

located in King Charles Hall on first floor

George Morley was a staunch Royalist during theEnglish Civil War and had to flee to Europe duringthe period of the Commonwealth. After therestoration of the monarchy Morley returned toEngland and in 1662 was made Bishop ofWinchester. Morley died on the 29th October 1684at Farnham Castle and is buried in WinchesterCathedral.

George MorleySir William Paulet

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King Charles II (1630 – 1685)

oil painting on canvas,

by Peter Lely around 1650

and oil painting by an unknown

artist around same time

located in King Charles Hall on

first floor

The painting by Lely was presented tothe City by King Charles II in 1683, thesame year in which Charles decided tobuild a new palace in Winchester.Christopher Wren was commissioned to design and built the palace and by 1685the structure was up but the interior unfinished. However, Charles diedunexpectedly in 1685 and James II was not prepared to continue the funding ofthe palace and so it was left unfinished.

Col. George Brydges (1678 – 1751)

Oil on canvas by an unknown artist,

around 1750

located in King Charles Hall on

first floor

George Brydges was a member of thepowerful Brydges/Chandos family whoresided at Avington Park nearWinchester. The family was an importantfaction in eighteenth century Winchesterpolitics and the main rival of the Pauletfamily. At the time he stood for electionas MP for Winchester he gave a statue of Queen Anne to the City. The statue canstill be seen on the old Guildhall (now Lloyd’s Bank) in the High Street.

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Edward Cole

oil painting on canvas,

around 1600

located in King Charles Hall on first floor

Edward Cole was a local attorney and Mayor ofWinchester, and also served as MP for Winchester.When in 1598 the outgoing mayor and the mayor'sbrethren were assembled to receive Edward Cole totake his oath as mayor elect, two men had to besent to fetch him. When the men returned withoutCole they reported that Mr Cole was asleep andcould not be awakened! Cole is also known to havesubscribed 25 pounds for defence against theSpanish Armada. Cole died in 1617 and amonument in his memory was erected in the northaisle of Winchester Cathedral.

Sir Paulet St John,Baronet (1704 –1780)

Oil painting on canvas

by an unknown artist,

around 1750

located in King

Charles Hall on first

floor

Sir Paulet St John was the son of Ellis Mews whohad assumed the name of St John when hemarried his cousin Frances the daughter of OliverSt John of Farley Chamberlayne. Paulet St John wasHigh Sheriff of Hampshire, he served as an MP forWinchester and Hampshire and also served asMayor of Winchester. In 1772 he was madeBaronet St John of Farley in Hampshire.

Edward Cole

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Queen Elizabeth II

Oil on canvas by Edward Halliday, 1957

located in King Charles Hall on first floor

This painting was presented to the City by publicsubscription to commemorate the Queen's 1955 visitto Winchester. The portrait shows the Queen withthe Deanery and Cathedral forming a background.The cost of the portrait was met entirely fromvoluntary contributions under an appeal launched byCouncillor Mrs Thackeray. It is Winchester's version ofthe artist's painting for the Draper's Company andthere are versions in Southampton and inGovernment House, Wellington, New Zealand.

GeorgePemerton

Oil painting oncanvas by anunknown artist,around 1650

located in KingCharles Hall onfirst floor

George Pemertonwas Mayor of

Winchester and also established Pemerton'sQuarterages for the poor in 1637, a charity whichwas administered by St John's Hospital Trustees. In1634 a similar provision was made with the town ofAndover in Hampshire.

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Statue of King Alfred in The Broadway

Oil painting on canvas by Henry Edward Locke, 1904

located on second floor

The statue of King Alfred was unveiled on the 20thSeptember 1901 and so this is an early record ofwhat is now an established landmark. The statuewas commissioned to commemorate the 1000thanniversary of the death of King Alfred as part of the Alfred Millenary celebrations of the same year. The statue was paid for by public subscription andthe commission was won by the sculptor HamoThorneycroft.

Edward Page Clowser (1795 – 1860)

Oil painting on canvas byGeorge Liddell, 1852

located on second floor

Edward Page Clowsernever lived in Winchesterbut was the uncle ofWilliam Clowser, aWinchester businessman.William Clowser served inthe Rifle Brigade as messman for twenty years andpossibly came to Winchester as a result of the Riflesbeing based here. After leaving the Rifles hemanaged the City Club in St Peter’s Street and thenwent on to found the City Restaurant in Jewry Streetin 1885. William Clowser died in 1917.

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Sir Thomas White

Oil on board by an unknown artist, around 1600

located on second floor

Sir Thomas White was an Alderman of the City ofLondon, Master of the Merchants Taylor Companyand founder of St John’s College in Oxford. In 1566White gave £2000 to the Corporation of Bristol oncondition that they should purchase an estate. Outof the rents they paid yearly the sum of £104 inregular succession to one of twenty four cities andtowns named in the deed, one of which wasWinchester.

John Doswell (1740 – 1792),

Mayor of Winchester.

Oil on canvas by an unknown artist, around 1800

located on second floor

John Doswell was the son of a butcher from theHyde area of Winchester and served as Mayor ofWinchester in 1777-78, 1781-82 and 1787-88.Doswell was also made a Freeman and Alderman ofthe City. Other civic positions held by Doswell wereJustice of the Peace and Pavement Commissioner.Doswell ran the Crown and Cushion in Jewry Street,Winchester but like his father he was also a butcherand traded out of Jewry Street.

Sir Thomas White John Doswell

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The RoyalHampshireRegimentFarewell Parade

Print from awatercolour by Kate Dicker, 1992 reproduced with kindpermission of the artist

located on second floor

In 1944 the Royal Hampshire Regiment was giventhe Freedom of Entry of Winchester. In 1992 theRegiment became part of the newly formed ThePrincess of Wales’s Royal Regiment (Queen’s andRoyal Hampshires). To say farewell to Winchester theRoyal Hampshire Regiment marched throughWinchester for the last time.

Winchester and the MilitaryWinchester has a long connection with the militarydating back to around 1800 when the barracks wereestablished in the unfinished palace that Charles IIhad commission in 1683. The army have now leftthe centre of Winchester and the barracks areapartments but the connection continues. Inrecognition of this close connection with Winchesterthe Freedom of Entry has been bestowed uponmany of the military units. The Freedom of Entry isan honour given to the armed forces when theyhave a long association with a city and it permitsentry into a city bearing arms. There are five armymuseums that can be visited in the PeninsulaBarracks complex

JosephBarker

Oil paintingon canvas byan unknownartist, around1850

located onsecond floor

This picture isbelieved to beof Joseph

Barker who was Mayor of Winchester in 1799 and1803-07. The painting has been known as ‘Portraitof a Young Man’ but in earlier lists of paintings inAbbey House and the Guildhall the painting isreferred to as being of Joseph Barker.

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HMS Dryad, The Granting of the Right ofFreedom of Entry to the City of Winchester

Print from a watercolour by Kate Dicker, 1995

reproduced with kind permission of the artist

located on second floor

HMS Dryad was a Royal Navy shore establishmentlocated at Southwark and was the home of theRoyal Navy's Maritime Warfare School. This pictureshows Dryad being granted the Freedom of Entry ofWinchester in 1995. In 2004 the Maritime WarfareSchool moved to HMS Collingwood and SouthwickEstate became home to the joint services DefenceSchool of Policing and Guarding.

Royal Army Pay Corps

Print from painting by Kate Dicker,

Winchester 1992

reproduced with kind permission of the artist

located on second floor

This picture records the last occasion that the RoyalArmy Pay Corps exercised its right to march throughWinchester bearing arms before becoming part ofthe newly formed Adjutant General’s Corps.

Freedom Parade for the Adjutant General’s Corps

Print from an oil painting by Julian Barrow, 1996

reproduced with kind permission of the artist

located on second floor

As the AdjutantGeneral’s Corps hadbeen formed partlyfrom the Royal ArmyPay Corps which hadbeen granted theFreedom of Entry ofWinchester in 1970 the honour was transferred tothe AGC. This painting depicts the AdjutantGeneral’s Corps exercising their right to marchthrough the City in 1996.

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Parade Ground at Peninsula Barracks

Print from a watercolour by John Doyle, 1985

reproduced with kind permission of the artist

located on second floor

The Peninsula Barracks had been associated with theGreen Jackets since 1858 and after regimentalchanges were the home of the Light Brigade. Thebarracks finally closed in 1985 and this picturedepicts the Light Brigade parading for the last time.The barracks are now residential apartments.

Adjutant General’s Corps Freedom Parade

Print from a painting by Anthony Cowland, 2008

reproduced with kind permission of the artist

located on third floor

The original of this picture is hanging in theHeadquarters Officers' Mess of the AdjutantGeneral's Corps at Worthy Down. The painting wascommissioned to celebrate the Freedom Paradethrough Winchester in 2008. Notable Winchesterbuildings and landmarks which were passed by onthe march can be seen in the picture, irrespective oftheir positions in the City.

The Royal Army Pay Corps was formed in 1878 todistribute pay and allowance to all ranks in the armyincluding their wives and dependents. The title of

Royal was bestowed for services during the PeninsulaWar. In 1992 it was merged with the Corps of RoyalMilitary Police, the Military Provost Staff Corps, TheRoyal Army Educational Corps and the Army LegalCorps to form the Adjutant General’s Corps.

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King's Royal Hussars‘ Freedom Parade

Oil on canvas by Clare Goodman, June 2006

reproduced with kindpermission of theartist

located on third floor

This painting wascommissioned by Major Dougie Covill a formerMayor and Hussar and presented to the City tocelebrate the Freedom of Entry granted to theHussars in 2006. The 10th Royal Hussars’ HomeHeadquarters first opened in Winchester in 1963and, following amalgamation with the 11th Hussarsin 1969, the new Royal Hussars Regimentestablished its headquarters at Peninsula Barracks.

James Cooke, Winchester Merchant

Unknown artist, around 1780

located on third floor

James Cooke was a local merchant who in the 18thcentury joined forces with William Meader and JohnMoody to break the monopoly that was held on theItchen Navigation. This made the navigationavailable as a means of transporting goods foreveryone. The now redundant navigation ran fromSouthampton to Winchester and was intended as ameans of transporting goods such as coal.

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King Alfred and the Danes

Oil painting on canvas by Andrew Brown

Donaldson, around 1890

located on back stair

This picture shows the Danish leader King Guthrumbeing baptised with King Alfred standing by as hissponsor. Guthrum and thirty of his followers hadagreed to be baptised after being defeated by Alfredat Edington in 878. That winter had seen thekingdom of Wessex under King Alfred nearlydefeated by the Danes. The legend of Alfred havingburnt the cakes dates from this time when Alfredwas hiding from the Danes and rebuilding his armyprior to the battle at Edington.

Cromwell’s Troops entering Winchesterfrom the South

Oil painting on canvas by George Arnald,

around 1810

located on back stair

This view of Oliver Cromwell’s troops shows thementering Winchester from the south, the vantagepoint being on the Compton road. Notablelandmarks are the Cathedral and St Cross Church inthe centre of the picture. Winchester Castle is shownon the top left hand side of the horizon.

Oliver Cromwell arrived at Winchester on Sunday28th September 1645 with an army estimated tohave been 7,000 strong supported by artillery. Whenthe commander of the castle refused to surrenderCromwell laid siege to the castle and took it afterless than a week of bombardment.

King Alfred and the Danes

Cromwell’s Troops entering Winchester from the South

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The Children of the Thirteenth Marquess

Oil painting on canvas by Thomas Stewardson,around 1812

located on front stair

This painting shows the seven children of the 13thMarquess of Winchester and his wife Anne, whoseportraits are also to be seen on this stairway.

John Paulet, Earl of Wiltshire and 14th Marquessof Winchester (1801–1887)

John succeeded to the title on the death of hisfather in 1843 and was the father of both the 15thMarquess, and the 16th who married Bapsy whoseportrait can be seen on the first floor.

Charles Paulet, Rev. (1802–1870)Charles followed a career in the church and wasthe Vicar of Wellesbourne, Warwickshire and thePrebendary (a clergy administrator) of SalisburyCathedral. One of Charles’ great-grandsonsbecame the 17th Marquess when the 16th diedchildless in 1962. A great-great-grandson of

Charles went on to become the 18th and presentMarquess.

George Paulet, Admiral (1803–1879)Entered the Royal Navy and rose through the ranksto end his career as an admiral. George Pauletcommanded a ship at the siege of Sevastopol duringthe Crimea War and was briefly notorious foroccupying the Hawaiian Islands in 1843.

William Paulet, Field Marshall (1804–1893)Started his military career as an ensign and had risento lieutenant-colonel by 1843. He served in theCrimea and was present at the Battles of Alma,Balaklava, Inkerman and Sevestopol. He was thengiven command of the Bosporus at Gallipoli and theDardanelles, putting him in charge of the hospitalsthat Florence Nightingale set up. Upon his return to

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Fifth Marquess of Winchester, Sir John Paulet (1598 – 1675)

by unknown artist but copied from Van Dyke'sportrait in Hackwood Park

located on front stair

England William became one of the first officers tocommand at Aldershot Camp from 1856 to 1860and was commander of the south-western districtfrom 1860 to 1865. William was promoted fieldmarshal in 1886 and died unmarried in 1893.

Frederick Paulet, Lieutenant-General (1810–1871)Comptroller (supervisor of financial records) andEquerry (personal attendant) to HRH the Duchess ofCambridge.

Cecelia Paulet (d.1890)Married Rear Admiral William Ramsden

Annabella Paulet (d.1855)Married Sir Charles des Voeux

A loyal royalist and devoted Catholic, Sir Pauletlived through the English Civil War. Known as theDefender of Basing House, his fortified home, theMarquess held the last remaining royalist defencein Hampshire during the Civil War. Basing Housewas besieged on three occasions during the war,the third starting in August 1645. The house finallyfell in October 1645 when Oliver Cromwell joinedthe siege.

Declared a traitor by Parliament, the Marquess wasallowed to flee to France. He returned to England in1660 and lived in his wife’s property EnglefieldHouse, Berkshire, until his death in 1675.

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Charles Paulet, 13th Marquess ofWinchester (1765 – 1843)

Oil painting on canvas by ThomasStewardson, around 1815

located on front stair

Charles was educated at Eton and Clare CollegeCambridge and served as an ensign in the FirstRegiment of Footguards from 1784 – 86. He thenwent onto serve as the MP for Truro from 1792 – 96before returning to the military as a lieutenant-colonel in the Hampshire Militia. In 1800 Charleswas made Lord Lieutenant of Hampshire, the sameyear as he inherited the title of 13th Marquess. In1812 Charles became Groom of the Stole to KingGeorge III and remained so under George IV andWilliam IV. The Groom of the Stole, while having itsorigins as the groom responsible for the royalcommode, was an influential position as the holderwas a confidant of the monarch.

Lancelot Thorpe

(around 1571 – 1635)Oil painting on canvas byan unknown artist, around 1700

located on front stair

Lancelot Thorpe was theson of Thomas Thorpe, anarrow maker and was bothTown Clerk and Mayor ofWinchester. Thorpe was anattorney by profession but was also granted thelease of the George Hotel and owned the RoyalOak. Thorpe was married to Jane Cole thedaughter of another mayor, Edward Cole, whoseportrait also hangs in the Guildhall.

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Charles Shaw-Lefevre, The First ViscountEversley (1794-1888)

Oil painting on canvas by Charles AugustusMornewick, 1857

located on front stair

Charles Shaw-Lefevre was the eldest son of CharlesShaw and Helena, the daughter of John Lefevre ofHeckfield Place, Hartfordbridge, Hampshire. Charleswas educated at Winchester College and TrinityCollege, Cambridge and although he was called tothe Bar he practiced as a lawyer very little. In 1830he entered Parliament, initially representingDownton in Wiltshire and then Northern Hampshire.In 1839 he was elected Speaker of the House ofCommons and remained in the post until he retiredfrom the Commons and was raised to the peerageas Viscount Eversley. At the time of his death he wasFather of the House of Lords. Eversley was HighSteward of Winchester and it was in this role that helaid the foundation stone of this building in 1871.

Anne, wife of the Thirteenth Marquess of WinchesterOil painting on canvas by ThomasStewardson, around 1815

located on front stair

Anne was the daughterof John and ElizabethAndrews of ShotleyHall, near ShotleyBridge,Northumberland andmarried the 13thMarquess in 1800. We know very littleabout the family other than that Anne’s sister, Sarah,was married to Colonel Erskine, Lieutenant-Governorof New South Wales, Australia from 1817-1823.

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Further information

Further information about the art collection can befound at www.winchestermuseumcollections.org.ukfor more information on Guildhall Winchester seebelow

If you would like to know more about any of thepictures in Guildhall Winchester contact Ross Turle,the Curator of Recent History on 01962 848 194and [email protected]

Broadway, High Street, Winchester, Hampshire SO23 9GHTel: 01962 840 820Email: [email protected]: www.guildhallwinchester.co.uk

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Winchester City Council art store

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