EUROPEAN ORGANISATION FOR THE SAFETY OF AIR NAVIGATION

EUROCONTROL

Guidelines for ATCO Common Core Content Initial Training Part 3: Rating Training - Module 1: Aerodrome Control Visual Rating (ADV)T14 Module 1

Edition Number Edition Date Status Intended for

: : : :

2.0 10.12.2004 Released Issue EATM Stakeholders

EUROPEAN AIR TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT

Guidelines for ATCO Common Core Content Initial Training Part 3: Rating Training Module 1: Aerodrome Control Visual Rating (ADV)

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CONTENTS

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ........................................................................................................1 SUBJECT 1: SUBJECT 2: SUBJECT 3: SUBJECT 4: SUBJECT 5: SUBJECT 6: SUBJECT 7: SUBJECT 8: SUBJECT 9: INTRODUCTION TO THE COURSE .......................................................3 AVIATION LAW ...........................................................................................5 AIR TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT .................................................................9 METEOROLOGY ...................................................................................... 17 NAVIGATION ............................................................................................ 19 AIRCRAFT................................................................................................. 21 HUMAN FACTORS.................................................................................. 23 EQUIPMENT AND SYSTEMS ............................................................... 27 PROFESSIONAL ENVIRONMENT....................................................... 29

SUBJECT 10: UNUSUAL/EMERGENCY SITUATIONS.............................................. 31 SUBJECT 11: DEGRADED SYSTEMS CAPABILITY................................................. 33 SUBJECT 12: AERODROMES ........................................................................................ 35

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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

Part 3, Module 1 provides the Common Core Content for Aerodrome Control Visual Rating training. It has been designed by a multinational group of experts and meets the current requirements of the European Manual of Personnel Licensing - Air Traffic Controllers (see EATM, 2004a L1). The content of the rating training course is based on the assumption that the student has successfully completed the Common Core Content Basic training as a prerequisite. The course has been derived by building on the Basic Common Core Content Objectives contained in Part 2 of this publication T14. (Readers of the paper version will find Part 2 in first book of the binder, while Internet surfers are referred to electronic file 1of9.) Following the tabulated format of the Common Core Content Objectives, the Aerodrome Control Visual Rating training common core content has been subdivided into subjects: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. Introduction to the Course (INTR). Aviation Law (LAW). Air Traffic Management (ATM). Meteorology (MET). Navigation (NAV). Aircraft (ACFT). Human Factors (HUM). Equipment and Systems (EQPM). Professional Environment (PENV). Unusual/Emergency Situations (UNINC). Degraded Systems Capability (DEGS) 1. Aerodromes (AGA).

The order of the subjects and objectives is neither intended to convey a pedagogical sequence nor to indicate a relative level of importance. The training designer will need to know that the student has successfully completed the Basic training Course (i.e. Part 2 of this publication T14). The design of the Aerodrome Control Visual Rating Course can now be based on the combination of Basic training and Rating training - Module 1.

1

Not applicable in this module

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SUBJECT 1:

INTRODUCTION TO THE COURSE

The general objective is: Learners shall know and understand the training programme that they will follow. TOPIC / Sub-topic OBJECTIVES 1. COURSE MANAGEMENT Learners shall explain the aims and objectives of the course, the management structure, and recognise the materials to be used. 1.1. Course Introduction 2 Course objectives for the specific rating/endorsement

L CONTENT

1.1.1. Explain the aims and main objectives of the course 1.2. Course Administration

1.2.1. State course administration 1.3.

1

Study Material and Training Documentation 3 4 e.g. Training documentation, library; CBT library, Web e.g. Training documentation, library; CBT library, Web

1.3.1. Choose appropriate documentation for course studies 1.3.2. Integrate appropriate documentation into the course 2.

INTRODUCTION TO THE ATC TRAINING COURSE Learners shall state the methodology and describe the assessment procedures used in the course.

2.1.

Course Content 1 2 2 2 Structure of participation; Simulation exercises; Briefing; Debriefing Theoretical training; Practical training; Self-study; Taxonomy; Action verbs

2.1.1. State the different methods of teaching the subjects 2.1.2. Describe, in general terms, the content of the subjects 2.1.3. Describe the organisation of theoretical training 2.1.4. Describe the organisation of simulation training

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TOPIC / Sub-topic OBJECTIVES 2.2. Training Ethos 1 2 Instructor discussions; Training progress; Assessment; Results; Briefing; Debriefing Effect of teamwork on training results in practical training L CONTENT

2.2.1. Recognise the feedback mechanisms available 2.2.2. Describe the positive effect in working together with fellow course participants 2.3. The Assessment Process

2.3.1. Describe the assessment process

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The assessment process, including continuous assessment, applied during the course and associated re-sit procedures

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SUBJECT 2:Learners shall: i. ii.

AVIATION LAW

The general objective is: explain the principles of Aviation Law; know, understand and apply the Rules of the Air and the Regulations, including airspace and flight planning;

iii. appreciate the authority vested in the controller and the means by which that authority is exercised. TOPIC / Sub-topic OBJECTIVES 1. L CONTENT Task

ATC LICENSING / CERTIFICATE OF COMPETENCE Learners shall appreciate the legal aspects associated with the ATC Licence / Certificate of Competence.

1.1.

Privileges and Conditions 3 ESARR5 rating, valid rating e.g. National documents, European Manual of Personnel Licensing - Air Traffic Controllers 2 National regulations

1.1.1. Appreciate the conditions which must be met for the issue of Aerodrome Control Visual rating. 1.2. Incident/Accident

1.2.1. Explain the procedures used following an incident/accident 2. RULES AND REGULATIONS

Learners shall explain and apply the Rules and Regulations that affect appropriate operations. 2.1. Reports 1 e.g. Air traffic incident report, routine air reports, breach of regulations, watch/log book, records Reporting culture, e.g. air traffic incident report, breach of regulations, watch/log book, records ICAO Doc 4444 Appendix 4, National regulations e.g. ICAO Doc 4444, National forms e. g. breach of regulations, routine air reports, MET reports

2.1.1. List the standard forms for reports 2.1.2. Describe the functions of, and processes for, reporting 2.1.3. Explain the use of air traffic incident report form 2.1.4. Use the air traffic incident report form 2.1.5. Use the other forms for reporting

2

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TOPIC / Sub-topic OBJECTIVES 2.2. Airspace 3 Classes A-G as appropriate; National classifications e.g. ICAO Annex 2; ICAO Annex 11; National requirements (AIP); International requirements; Civil requirements; Military requirements; Areas of responsibility; Sectorisation; Airspace structure e.g. ICAO Annex 2; ICAO Annex 11; National requirements (AIP); International requirements; Civil requirements; Military requirements; Areas of responsibility; Sectorisation; Airspace structure e.g. ICAO Annex 2; ICAO Annex 11; National requirements (AIP); International requirements; Civil requirements; Military requirements; Areas of responsibility; Sectorisation; Airspace structure L CONTENT Task

2.2.1. Appreciate classes of airspace and their relevance to ADV rating operations 2.2.2. Provide planning, coordination and control actions appropriate to the airspace classification

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2.2.3. Appreciate the structure of airspace and its relevance to ADV rating

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2.2.4. Provide planning, coordination and control actions appropriate to the airspace structure

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2.3.

Rules of the Air 4 ICAO Annex 2 Chapter 3

2.3.1. Provide planning, coordination and control actions appropriate to the General Rules 2.3.2. Provide planning, coordination and control actions appropriate to the VFR, SVFR and IFR in VMC and IMC 2.3.3. Provide planning, coordination and control actions appropriate to the rules for minimum safe height and terrain clearance 2.3.4. Appreciate the duties and responsibilities of air traffic participants

4

ICAO Annex 2 Chapters 4 and 5 ICAO Annex 11 ICAO Doc 4444 Responsibility for terrain clearance; Terrain clearance dimensions; Minimum safe altitudes; Transition level; Minimum flight level; Minimum sector altitude Pilots; Operators; Authorities

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TOPIC / Sub-topic OBJECTIVES 2.4. Flight Plans 3 3 3 Types of FPL (RPL, CPL, AFIL, etc.); Supplementary information Types of FPL (RPL, CPL, AFIL, etc.); Supplementary information Inadvertent changes; Intended changes; Position reporting L CONTENT Task

2.4.1. Obtain flight plan information in order to provide ATS 2.4.2. Use flight plan information in order to provide ATS 2.4.3. Appreciate the pilots responsibilities in relation to adherence to flight plan 2.5. 2.5.1. Provide planning, coordination and control actions in accordance with special National legislation and procedures

Special National Legislation and Procedures 4 AIP; NOTAM; AIC; LOAs; National procedures; Local procedures; National telecommunication procedures e.g. Security; Environmental (noise abatement, conservation areas fuel dumping); Sensitive areas (hospitals; VIP residences); Priority allocation; Special purpose codes

3. 3.1.

HOLDING Learners shall describe holding patterns and procedures. Holding procedures 2 2 2 Published; Non-published; Extended Effect of speed, effect of level used, effect of navigation aid in use, etc. Traffic management, weather, ICAO Doc 4444, ICAO Doc 8168

3.1.1. Describe types of holding patterns 3.1.2. Describe the use of holding 3.1.3. Describe the purpose of holding

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SUBJECT 3:

AIR TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT

The general objective is: Learners shall manage air traffic to ensure safe, orderly and expeditious services. TOPIC / Sub-topic OBJECTIVES 1. 1.1. L CONTENTTask

AIR TRAFFIC SERVICES AND AIRSPACE MANAGEMENT Learners shall provide the appropriate services. Aerodrome Control Service 2 ICAO Annex 11 Chapter 2

1.1.1. Explain specific areas of responsibility of aerodrome control 1.1.2. Appreciate own area of responsibility 1.1.3. Differentiate between different types of aerodromes 1.2.

3 2

Control Zone; Traffic Circuit; Manoeuvring Area; Movement Area; Vicinity; e.g. ATZ Controlled; Uncontrolled; AFIS

Flight Information Service (FIS) SIGMETS; Serviceability of NAVAIDs; Weather; Flight Safety Information; ICAO Doc 4444 Chapter 7 ICAO Doc 4444 Chapter 7 ICAO Doc 4444

1.2.1. Appreciate the information that 3 shall be passed to aircraft by an aerodrome controller 1.2.2. Relay appropriate aerodrome information 1.2.3. Issue appropriate traffic information 1.3. Alerting Service (ALRS) 4 3 3

1.3.1. Provide ALRS

e.g. ICAO Doc 4444 - Special codes; Seek assistance (TRM); Checklist; National legislation/requirements; Overdue action; Emergency action; Uncertainty; Alert; Distress ICAO Annex 10 ICAO Doc 4444

1.3.2. Respond to distress and urgency messages and signals 1.3.3. Coordinate with RCC if required in specific cases 1.3.4. Describe the procedures for the provision of aerodrome ALRS

3

4 2 ICAO Doc 4444 Chapter 7; National legislation, requirements, procedures

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TOPIC / Sub-topic OBJECTIVES 1.4. L CONTENTTask

Air Traffic Flow Management (ATFM) 3 e.g. Working principles of ATFM; CFMU; Slot management; Local procedures; Slot allocation procedures; etc. Action on the departure sequence e.g. Abnormal situations; Decrease in sector capacity; Limitations on systems and equipment; Changes in workload/capacity; Relevant information (e.g. reported ground-based incidents, forest fire, smoke, oil pollution); Unusual meteorological conditions e.g. FUA, ICAO Doc 4444 Chapter 3, EUROCONTROL ASM HBK - Airspace Management Handbook for the application of FUA e.g. use conditional routes/zones impacting on aerodromes operations

1.4.1. Appreciate principles of ATFM

1.4.2. Organise traffic to take account of flow management 1.4.3. Inform appropriate authority

4 3

1.5.

Airspace Management (ASM) 3

1.5.1. Appreciate the principles of ASM

1.5.2. Organise traffic to take account of ASM 2. 2.1. COMMUNICATION

4

Learners shall integrate approved phraseology into effective communication. Effective Communication 3 ICAO Doc 4444 Chapter 12; ICAO Doc 9432 RTF manual; Standards words and phrases as contained in ICAO Annex 10 Vol 2 Chapter 5; National phraseology, e.g. Identification of aircraft; Acknowledgement by visual means; Starting procedures; Flow management; Pushback; Towing procedures; Time check; Taxi procedures; Holding; Crossing runways; Preparation for takeoff; Takeoff clearance; After takeoff; Entering an aerodrome traffic circuit; Approach instructions; Landing; Delaying aircraft; Missed approach; Information to aircraft after landing 2.1.1. Use approved phraseology

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TOPIC / Sub-topic OBJECTIVES 2.1.2. Perform communication effectively 2.1.3. Analyse examples of pilot and controller communication for effectiveness 2.2. 2.2.1. Use approved phraseology 2.2.2. Apply change of radiotelephony call sign 2.2.3. Analyse examples of pilot and controller communication for effectiveness (in case of unusual events) 2.2.4. Interpret the rules to provide an effective service where approved phraseology is not available 3. L CONTENT 3 4 Transmission techniques, ICAO Annex 1 Language ProficiencyTask

Phraseology for Unusual Events 3 3 4 Distress; Urgency; Hijack; Radio failure; Meteorological Hazards; etc. ICAO Doc 4444 Chapter 15 Best practices in handling of unusual events

5

e.g. Receiver only, transmitter only, speechless aircraft, incomplete messages, etc.

ATC CLEARANCES AND ATC INSTRUCTIONS Learners shall provide appropriate clearances and instructions and shall integrate them in the provision of control service.

3.1.

ATC Clearances 3 4

3.1.1. Issue appropriate ATC clearances 3.1.2. Integrate appropriate ATC clearances in control service 3.2. ATC Instructions

3.2.1. Issue appropriate ATC instructions 3.2.2. Integrate appropriate ATC instructions in control service

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TOPIC / Sub-topic OBJECTIVES 4. COORDINATION Learners shall select and apply appropriate coordination. 4.1. Necessity 3 L CONTENTTask

4.1.1. Identify the need for coordination 4.2. Tools and Methods

4.2.1. Use the available tools for coordination

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e.g. Electronic transfer of flight data; Telephone; Interphone; Intercom; Direct speech; Radiotelephone (RTF); Local agreements, ICAO Doc 4444

4.3.

Coordination Procedures 3 Delegation/transfer of responsibility for air-ground communications and separation, release point, transfer of control, etc. ICAO Doc 4444

4.3.1. Initiate appropriate coordination

4.3.2. Analyse effect of coordination requested by an adjacent operational position 4.3.3. Select, after negotiation, an appropriate course of action

4

Delegation/transfer of responsibility for air-ground communications and separation, release point, transfer of control, etc. Including the cases: When additional traffic cannot be accepted by adjacent control position; When additional traffic cannot be accepted by own control position

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4.3.4. Ensure the agreed course of action is carried out 4.3.5. Coordinate in the provision of FIS 4.3.6. Coordinate in the provision of ALRS 4.3.7. Coordinate runway in use

4 4 4 4 ICAO Doc 4444 Chapter 10 ICAO Doc 4444 Chapter 10 Approach control; Area control; runway selection; change of runway

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TOPIC / Sub-topic OBJECTIVES 5. 5.1. L CONTENTTask

ALTIMETRY AND LEVEL ALLOCATION Learners shall calculate and allocate appropriate levels to aircraft. Altimetry 3 e.g. Transition level, transition altitude, transition layer, height, flight level, altitude, vertical distance to airspace boundaries ICAO Doc 8168

5.1.1. Calculate appropriate levels

5.1.2. Allocate levels (height, altitude, flight level) according to altimetry data 5.1.3. Ensure separations according to altimetry data

4

4

e.g. Transition level , transition altitude, transition layer, height, flight level, altitude, vertical distance to airspace boundaries

6. 6.1.

COLLISION AVOIDANCE AND SAFETY NETS Learners shall respond to any type of collision avoidance system notification. Airborne 3 ACAS; GPWS

6.1.1. Respond to pilot notification of actions based on airborne systems warnings 6.2. Ground

6.2.1. Respond to ground-based collision avoidance system warnings 7. 7.1. DATA DISPLAY

3

MTCA; STCA; MSAW; SMCGGS; Anti-incursion; ASMGCS

Learners shall analyse data in order to manage air traffic. Data Management 3 e.g. Information displayed, strip marking procedures, electronic information data displays, actions based on traffic display information, calculation of EETs

7.1.1. Update the data display to accurately reflect the traffic situation 7.1.2. Analyse pertinent data on data displays 7.1.3. Organise pertinent data on data displays 7.1.4. Process pertinent data on data displays

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TOPIC / Sub-topic OBJECTIVES 8. OPERATIONAL ENVIRONMENT Learners shall recognise and maintain the integrity of the simulated operational environment. 8.1. Integrity of the Operational Environment 3 3 e.g. Briefing; takeover, handover, notices, local orders, verify information e.g. Frequency; VOLMET; ATIS; SIGMET; Systems set-up; Integrity of displays e.g. Briefing; takeover, handover, notices, local orders, verify information L CONTENTTask

8.1.1. Obtain information concerning the operational environment 8.1.2. Check and maintain the integrity of the operational environment 8.1.3. Transfer information to the relieving controller 8.2.

3

Verification of the Currency of Operational Procedures 3 e.g. Briefing; LOAs; NOTAM; AICs

8.2.1. Check all relevant documentation before managing traffic 8.2.2. Manage traffic in accordance with procedural changes 9. 9.1.

4

e.g. Taxiway closure, etc.

PROVISION OF AN AERODROME CONTROL SERVICE Learners shall provide an appropriate Aerodrome Control Service. General 2 ICAO Doc 4444; ICAO Annex 11

9.1.1. Explain the responsibility for the provision of an aerodrome control service 9.1.2. Describe the division of responsibility between air traffic control units 9.1.3. Describe the responsibility in regard to military traffic 9.1.4. Describe the responsibility in regard to unmanned free balloons 9.2. 9.2.1. Manage the general functions of aerodrome control 9.2.2. Manage the ALRS provided by aerodrome control

2

ICAO Doc 4444 Chapter 4 National requirements ICAO Doc 4444 Chapter 16 National requirements ICAO Doc 4444 Chapter 16

2 2

Functions of Aerodrome Control Service 4 4 ICAO Doc 4444 Chapter 7 ICAO Doc 4444 Chapter 7

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TOPIC / Sub-topic OBJECTIVES 9.2.3. Manage the suspension of VFR operations by aerodrome control 9.3. Traffic and Taxi Circuits 4 ICAO Doc 4444 Chapter 7 L CONTENT 4 ICAO Doc 4444 Chapter 7Task

9.3.1. Predict positions of aircraft in the aerodrome and taxi circuits 9.3.2. Select the runway in use 9.4. Aeronautical Ground Lights 9.4.1. Select aeronautical ground lights 9.5. 9.5.1. Provide information related to the operation of aircraft 9.5.2. Provide information on aerodrome conditions 9.6. Control of Aerodrome Traffic 9.6.1. Allocate the order of priority for arriving and departing aircraft 9.6.2. Manage the manoeuvring area 9.6.3. Manage the traffic circuit

5 5

ICAO Doc 4444 Chapter 7 ICAO Doc 4444 Chapter 7

Information to Aircraft by Aerodrome Control 4 4 ICAO Doc 4444 Chapter 7 ICAO Doc 4444 Chapter 7

4 4 4

ICAO Doc 4444 Chapter 7 ICAO Doc 4444 Chapter 7 ICAO Doc 4444 Chapter 7; Meteorological phenomena; Geographical knowledge; Environmental factors ICAO Doc 4444 Chapter 7; Meteorological phenomena; Wake turbulence; ICAO approach categories; Environmental factors e.g. ADF; UDF; VDF, MLS, ILS, NDB, VOR, DME, DGPS, RNAV, PRNAV e.g. Damp; Wet; Water patches; Flooding; Snow; Slush; Ice; Braking action e.g. Clouds; Precipitation; Visibility; Wind; Meteorological hazards

9.6.4. Manage the control of arriving and departing traffic

4

9.6.5. Integrate the availability of radio aids in the management of aerodrome traffic 9.6.6. Integrate surface conditions into the control of aerodrome traffic 9.6.7. Integrate information about meteorological phenomena into clearances and issue appropriate information

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TOPIC / Sub-topic OBJECTIVES 9.7. Radio Failure 2 Civil; e.g. Military 9.7.1. Explain the procedures when a pilot experiences complete or partial radio failure 9.8. Navigational Assistance 4 e.g. information derived locally or from radar service or from other pilots; Nearest most suitable aerodrome; Track; Heading; Distance; Aerodrome information; Any other relevant navigational assistance; ICAO Doc 4444 Chapter 7; etc. 9.8.1. Provide navigational assistance to aircraft lost or unsure of position L CONTENTTask

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SUBJECT 4:

METEOROLOGY

The general objective is: Learners shall acquire, decode and make proper use of Meteorological information relevant to the provision of ATS. TOPIC / Sub-topic OBJECTIVES 1. L CONTENTTask

METEOROLOGICAL PHENOMENA Learners shall analyse and take account of meteorological phenomena in control actions.

1.1.

Meteorological Phenomena 3 Cumulus; Cumulonimbus; e.g. Stratus, Nimbostratus, etc. 3 Precipitation and Microphysics e.g. Rain, Snow, Sleet, Hail 3 e.g. Advection fog; Radiation fog; Mixing; Evaporation; Mist; Drizzle 3 Gusting; Veering; Backing; e.g. Land breezes; Sea breezes; Fohn 3 Windshear; Turbulence, Thunderstorms; Icing; Microbursts

1.1.1. Appreciate the impact of different cloud types 1.1.2. Appreciate the impact of precipitation 1.1.3. Appreciate the impact of atmospheric obscurity 1.1.4. Appreciate the effect and impact of wind 1.1.5. Appreciate the effect and danger of hazardous meteorological phenomena 2. 2.1.

SOURCES OF METEOROLOGICAL DATA Learners shall decode and use meteorological data in an aerodrome working position. Meteorological Instruments 3 e.g. Anemometer; RVR indicator; Cloud base indicator; Altimeter

2.1.1. Decode meteorological instruments readings 2.2. Other Sources

2.2.1. Decode displays of meteorological data 2.2.2. Use Aeronautical Fixed Telecommunication Network (AFTN) or telephone to obtain meteorological data 2.2.3. Update meteorological data from pilot reports

3 Data displays 3

3 Pilot reports; ICAO Doc 4444 Chapter 4

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SUBJECT 5:

NAVIGATION

The general objective is: Learners shall analyse all Navigational aspects in order to organise the traffic. TOPIC / Sub-topic OBJECTIVES 1. 1.1. L CONTENT Task

MAPS AND AERONAUTICAL CHARTS Learners shall use the information on maps and charts. Maps and Charts 3 Visual approach charts; Instrument approach charts; Aerodrome charts; National maps and charts; e.g. Military maps and charts Visual approach charts; Instrument approach charts; Aerodrome charts; National maps and charts; e.g. Military maps and charts

1.1.1. Decode symbols and information found on relevant aeronautical maps and charts 1.1.2. Use relevant maps and charts

3

2.

RADIO NAVIGATION Learners shall anticipate the behaviour of aircraft using different radio-navigational systems.

2.1.

Navigation Aids 2 NDB; VOR; DME; ILS; MLS; D-GPS e.g. NDB; VOR; DME; ILS; MLS; D-GPS; RNAV ; P-RNAV

2.1.1. Describe the possible operational status of radio-navigational systems 2.1.2. Decode operational status displays of ground-based systems

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SUBJECT 6:

AIRCRAFT

The general objective is: Learners shall assess Aircraft performance to integrate it into traffic organisation. TOPIC / Sub-topic OBJECTIVES 1. AIRCRAFT INSTRUMENTS L CONTENT Task

Learners shall integrate the information provided by the pilot into the traffic situation. 1.1. Aircraft Instruments 1.1.1. Integrate the information provided by the pilot into the traffic situation 4 Flight instruments; Engine instruments; Navigational instruments; e.g. NDB (ADF); VOR (TACAN); DME; ILS; MLS; Additional instruments; TCAS; SSR transponder; Head up display; GPWS; Wind shear indicator; Weather radar; FMS; EFIS e.g. Radios (number of); Emergency radios; SELCAL Transponders: equipment Mode A, Mode C, Mode S

1.1.2. Explain the operation of aircraft radio equipment 1.1.3. Explain the operation of transponder equipment 2.

2 2

AIRCRAFT TYPES AN D CATEGORIES

Learners shall characterise wake turbulence and ICAO approach categories. 2.1. Wake Turbulence and ICAO Approach Categories 2.1.1. Characterise each wake turbulence category and explain how to prevent their effect on other aircraft 2.1.2. Characterise ICAO approach categories 3. 2 ICAO Doc 4444 Chapters 4 and 5; National wake turbulence categories

2

ICAO Doc 8168 Part 3

FACTORS AFFECTING AIRCRAFT PERFORMANCE

Learners shall integrate aircraft performance factors in the provision of control service. 3.1. Takeoff 3.1.1. Integrate the influence of factors affecting aircraft on takeoff 3.2. Climb 4 e.g. Speed; Weight; Altitude; Wind and temperature 3.2.1. Integrate the influence of factors affecting aircraft during climb 4 e.g. Runway conditions; wind; temperature and aircraft weight

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TOPIC / Sub-topic OBJECTIVES 3.3. Final Approach and Landing 4 e.g. Wind; Aircraft configuration; Weight; Meteorological conditions; Runway conditions L CONTENT Task

3.3.1. Integrate the influence of factors affecting aircraft during final approach and landing descent 3.4. Economic Factors

3.4.1. Integrate consideration of economic factors into control actions 3.5. Ecological Factors

4

e.g. Starting-up; Taxiing; Routing; Speed; Rate of climb; Rate of descent

3.5.1. Estimate the influence of ecological factors affecting aircraft in the provision of aerodrome control 3.6. Miscellaneous Factors

3

e.g. Fuel dumping; Noise abatement procedures; Minimum flight altitudes

3.6.1. Integrate operational requirements into planning 3.6.2. Integrate factors affecting aircraft into planning 4. AIRCRAFT DATA

4 4

e.g. Military flying; Calibration flights; Aerial photography Message relays regarding performance

Learners shall recognise different aircraft types and integrate their performance data into control decisions. 4.1. Recognition of Aircraft Types 2 e.g. Physical features; ICAO approach categories; Wake turbulence categories Rate of climb/descent; cruising speed; Turn inertia; e.g. ceiling; etc . Performance data under a representative variety of circumstances

4.1.1. Differentiate the 50 most commonly used aircraft 4.2. Performance Data

4.2.1. Apply control actions relevant to typical aircraft types and performance data 4.2.2. Integrate the average performance data for the provision of control service 4.2.3. Identify potential or actual emergency situations

3

4

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SUBJECT 7:

HUMAN FACTORS

The general objective is: Learners shall: i. recognise the necessity to constantly extend their knowledge, ii. analyse factors which affect personal and team performance. TOPIC / Sub-topic OBJECTIVES 1. 1.1. PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS Learners shall relate psychological factors to the decision-making process. Cognitive 2 e.g. Stress; Learning; Knowledge; Fatigue; Alcohol/drugs; Distraction; Interpersonal relations; Team Resource Management (TRM) CT1 CT2 DST7.2 CT2 L CONTENT Task

1.1.1. Describe the factors which influence decision-making

1.1.2. Relate human factors to decision-making 2.

4

MEDICAL AND PHYSIOLOGICAL FACTORS Learners shall respond to fatigue and lack of personal fitness in the performance of their duties.

2.1.

Fatigue 2 1 1 3 e.g. Lack of concentration; Listlessness; Irritability; Frustration DST5.1.6 DST5.1.6 DST5.1.6 DST5.1.6

2.1.1. Describe the onset of fatigue 2.1.2. Recognise the onset of fatigue in self 2.1.3. Recognise the onset of fatigue in others 2.1.4. Respond to indications of fatigue in an appropriate manner 2.2. Fitness

2.2.1. Recognise signs of lack of personal fitness 2.2.2. Describe actions when aware of a lack of personal fitness

1 2

DST5.1.6 DST5.1.6

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TOPIC / Sub-topic OBJECTIVES 3. 3.1. L CONTENT Task

SOCIAL AND ORGANISATIONAL FACTORS Learners shall develop teamwork attitudes Human Relations 3 DST4

3.1.1. Apply social and organisational factors to work with other team members 3.2.

Team Resource Management (TRM) 1 Suggested reference: EATCHIP Guidelines for Developing and Implementing Team Resource Management 3 DST4

3.2.1. State the objectives of TRM

3.3.

Group Dynamics

3.3.1. Identify the professional relationships between members of the group 3.3.2. Identify the reasons for conflict 3.3.3. Describe actions to prevent human conflicts. 3.3.4. Take account of TRM programmes 3.3.5. Respond to the application of TRM techniques

3 2 2 TRM; CISM 3 e.g. Role of members, allocation of responsibilities within the team, benefits of having other team members to rely on, safety aspects, assistance in abnormal situations, TRM

4.

COMMUNICATION Learners shall: i. ii. accurately complete written reports; express themselves clearly so as to be understood by other team members and colleagues.

4.1.

Written Work 3 e.g. Strips; Reports; Log-books 3 e.g. Strips; Reports; Log-books IST1 IST1

4.1.1. Record information by writing effectively 4.1.2. Pass information by writing effectively

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TOPIC / Sub-topic OBJECTIVES 4.2. L CONTENT Task

Verbal/non-verbal Communication 1 2 2 3 e.g. Different languages; Air traffic language e.g. Speed of speech; Frequency; Volume; Background noise e.g. Body language; Facial expressions CT3 CT4 CT7 DST4

4.2.1. Recognise human communication theory 4.2.2. Characterise the factors which affect verbal communication 4.2.3. Characterise non-verbal communication 4.2.4. Use language effectively in the practice of ATC

5.

STRESS Learners shall integrate stress management procedures in the performance of their duties.

5.1.

Stress DST5

5.1.1. Recognise the effects of stress 1 Stress and its symptoms in self and in others 5.2. Helplessness 3 Normal/abnormal situations

5.2.1. Respond to feelings of helplessness 5.3. Stress Management

DST5

5.3.1. Act to relieve or minimise stress in self and/or others 5.3.2. Obtain assistance in stressful situations 5.3.3. Recognise the effect of shocking and stressful events 5.3.4. Consider the benefits of Critical Incident Stress Management (CISM) 5.3.5. Explain the procedures used following an incident/accident

3

The effect of personality in coping with stress; The benefits of active stress management TRM; CISM; The benefits of offering and accepting help in stress situations Self and others; Abnormal situations; CISM; TRM

DST5

3

DST5

1 2

DST5 DST5

2

CISM; National/local procedures and/or regulations; Counselling; Human element

DST5

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TOPIC / Sub-topic OBJECTIVES 6. HUMAN ERROR Learners shall be able to discuss the concept of human error in the appropriate environment. 6.1. Human Error 2 Number and combination of errors, pro-active versus reactive approach to discovery of error e.g. Slips; Lapses; Mistakes; Violations DST5 6.1.1. Explain the relationship between error and safety 6.1.2. Differentiate between the types of error 6.1.3. Differentiate between errors and violations 6.1.4. Describe error-prone conditions 7. 7.1. WORKING METHODS Learners shall discuss the effect of human factors consideration on efficiency. Efficiency 2 Own and others workload, OJT, customer requirements, economy, ecology, safety DST5 DST6 L CONTENT Task

2 2 2

e.g. increase in traffic

7.1.1. Consider, from a human factors point of view, the factors affecting efficiency in the provision of air traffic control 8. 8.1. WORKING KNOWLEDGE

Learners shall maintain and update professional knowledge. Controller Knowledge 3 e.g. Briefing; LOAs; NOTAM; AICs; Reports of accident/incident; VOLMET; ATIS; SIGMET DST6

8.1.1. Maintain and update professional knowledge to retain competence in the operational environment

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SUBJECT 8:

EQUIPMENT AND SYSTEMS

The general objective is: Learners shall integrate knowledge and understanding of the working principles of Equipment and Systems in the provision of an aerodrome control service. TOPIC / Sub-topic OBJECTIVES 1. 1.1. RADIO Learners shall operate the radio and direction finding equipment. Radio Communications 3 Transmit/receive switches; Equipment; Procedures; Frequency selection; Stand-by equipment Indicator lights; Serviceability displays; Selector/frequency displays Local procedures e.g. ADF/UDF/VDF; QDM; QDR; QTE L CONTENT Task

1.1.1. Use two-way communication

1.1.2. Identify indications of correct and/or faulty operation of radio equipment 1.1.3. Respond to faults 1.2. Direction Finding 1.2.1. Obtain and decode direction finding information 2. 2.1. AIR TRAFFIC MONIT OR

3

3 3

Learners shall operate the air traffic monitoring equipment. Use of Air Traffic Monitor 3 2 e.g. Real equipment, Multimedia computer, PTT or Simulator

2.1.1. Use an air traffic monitor 2.1.2. Explain the use of surface movement radar 3. 3.1. OTHER EQUIPMENT Anti-incursion Equipment

3.1.1. Take account of data from anti-incursion equipment 3.2. New Developments 3.2.1. Be aware of new developments

2

Anti-incursion equipment

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TOPIC / Sub-topic OBJECTIVES 4. 4.1. AUTOMATION IN ATS Learners shall extract appropriate information from automated data. Aeronautical Fixed Telecommunication Network (AFTN) 3 e.g. Movement and control messages; NOTAM; SNOWTAM; BIRDTAM; etc. L CONTENT Task

4.1.1. Decode AFTN messages 4.2. Automatic Data Interchange

4.2.1. Operate automatic data transfer 3 equipment

e.g. Accuracy; Speed and safety; Datalinks; Sequencing systems; Automated information and coordination

5. 5.1.

OPERATING POSITIONS Learners shall identify and operate the equipment provided. Aerodrome Control Tower 3 e.g. Flight progress board; Flight data display; Radio; Telephone; Maps and charts; Strip-printer; Teleprinter; Clock; Information monitors (CCIS); Radar displays e.g. information from wind direction indicator

5.1.1. Identify equipment in an operating position

5.1.2. Obtain information from equipment

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SUBJECT 9:

PROFESSIONAL ENVIRONMENT

The general objective is: Learners shall identify the need for close cooperation with other parties concerned with aerodrome control. TOPIC / Sub-topic OBJECTIVES 1. 1.1. OTHER AGENCIES Learners shall consider the role of other operators which affect aerodrome operations. Contributors to Aerodrome Operations 2 Preferably by familiarisation visits: TWR; APP; ACC; AIS; RCC; Radar; Air defence unit Preferably by familiarisation visits: Fire and Emergency services; Engineering support L CONTENT Task

1.1.1. Characterise civil and military Air Traffic Services (ATS) facilities 1.1.2. Describe aerodrome facilities and services 1.2. Customer Relations

2

1.2.1. Identify the role of ATC as a service provider 1.2.2. Characterise the requirements of the aerodrome users 1.2.3. Characterise the requirements of the airport operator 1.3. Familiarisation Flights 1.3.1. Participate in flight familiarisation programmes, where available 1.3.2. Participate in flight simulator programmes, where available

3 2 e.g. Aircraft: Civil; Military; Scheduled; Business; Private; Recreational Aerodrome authority; Operator; Owner

2

3

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SUBJECT 10:

UNUSUAL/EMERGENCY SITUATIONS

The general objective is: Learners shall manage air traffic in Unusual/Emergency situations. TOPIC / Sub-topic OBJECTIVES 1. 1.1. 1.1.1. L CONTENT Task

UNUSUAL/EMERGENCY SITUATIONS General List aircraft failures and unusual/emergency situations Apply the procedures for given unusual/emergency situations Radio Failure Apply procedures when a controller experiences complete or partial failure of ground radio communication equipment Apply the procedures to be followed when a pilot experiences complete or partial radio failure Diversions 4 4 3 e.g. Nearest most suitable aerodrome; Aerodrome information e.g. Concerning an emergency descent e.g. Other sectors and ATC units, etc. Track/heading; Distance; Other navigational assistance 3 ICAO Doc 4444 Chapter 15 1 e.g. the 16 situations from the EATM deliverable plus airframe failure, CESAVAC flights, GPWS alerts

1.1.2. 1.2. 1.2.1.

3

1.2.2.

3

ICAO Doc 7030 e.g. Civil, military, special National procedures

1.3.

1.3.1. Provide flight information to diverting emergency aircraft 1.3.2. Provide flight information to other aircraft 1.3.3. Perform appropriate coordination

1.3.4. Provide navigational assistance 4 to diverting emergency aircraft 1.4. 1.4.1.

Unlawful Interference and Aircraft Bomb Threat Apply ATC procedures associated with unlawful interference and aircraft bomb threat 3 ICAO Doc 4444 Chapter 15

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TOPIC / Sub-topic OBJECTIVES 1.5. 1.5.1. Strayed or Unidentified Aircraft Apply the procedures in the case of strayed aircraft Apply the procedures in the case of unidentified aircraft 3 ICAO Doc 4444 Chapter 15 e.g. Inside controlled airspace; Outside controlled airspace 3 ICAO Doc 4444 Chapter 15 e.g. Inside controlled airspace; Outside controlled airspace; IFR vs VFR L CONTENT Task

1.5.2.

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SUBJECT 11:

DEGRADED SYSTEMS CAPABILITY

Not applicable in this Module, Aerodrome Control Visual Rating.

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SUBJECT 12:

AERODROMES

The general objective is: Learners shall recognise and understand the design and layout of Aerodromes. TOPIC / Sub-topic OBJECTIVES 1. 1.1. GENERAL Definitions 2 ICAO Annex 14 1 ICAO Annex 14 Chapter 2 e.g. Aerodrome elevation; Reference point; Apron; Movement area; Manoeuvring area 1.2. Coordination 3 Airport conditions; Fire/rescue category; Condition of ground equipment and NAVAIDs; AIRAC; ICAO Annex 14 L CONTENT Task

1.1.1. Describe the general layout of an aerodrome 1.1.2. Define aerodrome data

1.2.1. Identify the information that has to be passed between Air Traffic Services (ATS) and the airport authority 2. 2.1. MOVEMENT AREA Movement Area

2.1.1. Describe movement area 2.1.2. Explain the marking of obstacles and unusable or unserviceable areas 2.1.3. Identify the conditions of the movement area that have to be passed to aircraft 2.2. Manoeuvring Area

2 ICAO Annex 14 2 Flags; Signs on pavement; Lights

3

2.2.1. Describe manoeuvring area 2.2.2. Describe taxiway 2.2.3. Describe the daylight marking on taxiways 2.2.4. Describe taxiway lighting

2 ICAO Annex 14 2 2 2

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TOPIC / Sub-topic OBJECTIVES 2.3. Runways 2 Runway; Runway surface; Runway strip; Shoulder; Runway end safety areas; Clearways; Stopways 2 ICAO Annex 14 2 ICAO Annex 14 2 TORA; TODA; ASDA; LDA 2 Strength of pavements 2 Deka degrees; Left; Centre; Right 2 e.g. Colour; Designation; Centreline; Threshold; Aiming point; Fixed distance; Touchdown zone; Side strip 2 e.g. Colour; Centreline; Intensity; Edge; Touchdown zone; Threshold; Barettes 2 e.g. AVASI; VASI; PAPI 2 Centre line; cross bars; Stroboscopic; Colours; Intensity and brightness 2 Damp; Wet; Water patches; Flooding; Snow; Slush; Ice 2 2 2.3.1. Describe runway L CONTENT Task

2.3.2. Describe instrument runway 2.3.3. Describe non-instrument runway 2.3.4. Explain declared distances 2.3.5. Explain the differences between ACN and PCN 2.3.6. Explain the numbering system and orientation of runways 2.3.7. Describe the daylight markings on runways 2.3.8. Describe runway lights

2.3.9. Explain the functions of visual landing aids 2.3.10. Describe the approach lighting systems 2.3.11. Characterise the effect of water/ice on runways 2.3.12. Describe braking action 2.3.13. Explain the runway visual range 3. 3.1. OBSTACLES General

3.1.1. Explain the standards and recommendations for obstacle restrictions 3.2. 3.2.1. Obstacle Limitation Surfaces Explain obstacle clearance surfaces

2 Obstacle limitation surfaces; Obstacle limitation requirements; Objects outside the obstacle limitation surfaces; Other obstacles 2 Outer horizontal; Conical; Inner approach; Transitional; Inner transitional; Balked landing; Takeoff climb

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