Guaranteed and Standard Fixed Price Remediation of DNAPL ... › symposium...This poster provides a...
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Guaranteed and Standard Fixed Price Remediation of DNAPL and LNAPL using Electrical Resistance Heating (ERH) at U.S. Military Bases Guaranteed Fixed Price Remediation of PCE DNAPL — U.S. Navy Base Charleston Charleston, South Carolina Summary ERH was conducted underneath and immediately adjacent to Building 1189, the former Base dry cleaning operations, for remediation of CVOCs, including PCE and TCE (Figure 1). The goal was to reduce CVOCs in groundwater by an aver- age of 95%. Description PCE migrated downward as DNAPL through fill and shallow subsurface and accumulated on top of and within the clay layer. Surface area of treatment was approximately 18,000 ft 2 with a subsurface vertical treat- ment interval from 2 to 11-ft bgs (one foot into the semi-confining clay layer). Results Figure 2 represents baseline PCE concentrations (>500 μg/L) in groundwater at the Charleston site. The ERH system was shutdown in July 2002. Following ERH, CH2MHill conducted an enhanced reductive dechlorination (ERD) pilot test using lactate. Based on the successful pilot test, the ERD remediation was performed on a full-scale through- out the former ERH treatment region. Figure 3 shows the dramatic decrease in PCE concentrations 22 months after ERH in March 2004. Abstract: ERH is a remediation technology where soil and groundwater is heated by the passage of current through satu- rated and unsaturated soil between the electrodes, not by the electrodes themselves. It is the resistance to the flow of elec- trical current that results in increased subsurface tempera- tures, and this is typically applied to the boiling point of the contaminant and water. Steam is created in situ and contami- nants are directly volatilized and/or recovered to the surface as free product. This poster provides a series of case studies of a variety of projects that have involved the remediation of DNAPL and LNAPL using ERH at U.S. Military Bases in the past eight years. Site background and data collected will be presented. Several of these projects were conducted using Guaranteed Fixed Price Remediation (GFPR) contracts. Summary There were three LNAPL/DNAPL source areas at the Ft. Lewis, East Gate Disposal Yard (EGDY) NPL site. Contaminants of concern in NAPL Areas 1, 2 and 3 included chlorinated solvents, primarily trichloroethene (TCE), and POLs (petroleum products, oil and lubricants). Based upon pre- and post-ERH sampling, all remedial objectives were met for each NAPL Area and average TCE concentrations in groundwater were reduced by 99.9%, 99.0% and 99.97%, respectively. This complex, multi-step ERH project was performed under a guaranteed fixed price remediation (GFPR) con- tract. Using a Triad management approach and applying lessons learned heating each NAPL area; TRS realized significant project savings for the Army. The Society of American Military Engineers presented the project team with their Silver Design Excellence Award. Description ERH was applied sequentially in the three separate NAPL Areas (Figure 1). Area 1 measured 25,400 ft 2 and heating extended from 2 to 38 feet below ground surface (ft bgs). Area 2 was 22,390 ft 2 with a treatment interval of 2 to 43-ft bgs. Area 3 covered 18,200 ft 2 and treatment extended from 2 to 30-ft bgs. The volumes treated in NAPL Areas 1, 2 and 3 were 35,040, 36,000 and 20,200 yd 3 , respectively. Site lithology was very unpredictable and groundwater flow in the highly transmissive aquifer was as high as 10-20 feet per day in each NAPL Area. The aver- age depth to groundwater in all three areas was 7-ft bgs. The project team used a Triad management approach that combined flex- ible designs and work plans, rapid data turnaround times, and a web based data presentation system. This approach allowed the team to incorporate nationally recognized research programs on the in situ biolog- ical and abiotic destruction of TCE into the project. Throughout the proj- ect, system improvements were evaluated and implemented rapidly to keep on schedule, maximize project performance, and save the Army money. Results Groundwater TCE concentrations in NAPL Areas 1, 2, and 3 were reduced by 99.9% , 99.0%, and 99.97% respectively. Almost 2 years following ERH, TCE concentrations in groundwater continued to decline in all three NAPL Areas. Figure 2 shows TCE concentrations in all three NAPL Areas and the averages before ERH, immediately after ERH, and twenty-two months after heating. ESTCP Funded Research Additional research presently underway is designed to study the biodegradation and zero valent iron dechlorination pathways during and post ERH heating. Two separate test sites at the EGDY have been identi- fied and electrodes will be installed in early December 2008. The study design calls for heating to 50—60ºC and ERH operations are scheduled to begin in Spring of 2009. Partners include: Army Corps of Engineers, Northwind Environmental and TRS. Standard Fixed Price Remediation of TCE DNAPL under an Operating Industrial Manufacturing Facility — Air Force Plant 4 Fort Worth, Texas Summary TRS designed, installed and operated a full-scale ERH remediation system covering an area of about 1/2 acre inside Building 181 at Air Force Plant 4 in Fort Worth, TX. This is the most complex application of ERH ever completed inside and underneath an operating, heavy industrial manufacturing facility. The cleanup objectives for the full-scale remediation were to reduce average TCE concentrations in soil and groundwater to 11.5 mg/kg and 10 mg/l, respec- tively. The groundwater remediation goal was met following five months of ERH operations and the soil remediation goal was met in November 2002, with a 90% reduction in contamination levels. Description The ERH system was installed inside Building 181 (Figure 1). The design parameters were precise in the placement of electrodes and many were installed on as much as a 32° angle underneath manufacturing equipment, chemical bath tanks, and piping racks. The production of Air Force Fighter Jets inside Building 181 operates 24 hours a day/7 days a week and workers were allowed access directly over the ERH area during operations. Figure 1 shows the pilot test area and full-scale remediation. The treatment interval extended from approximately 4 to 37-ft bgs into the top of the compe- tent limestone bedrock (Walnut Formation). The air inside Building 181 was sampled and ana- lyzed using a gas chromatograph and photo acoustic multi gas analyzer (PMA) during operations. Most measurements were collected on an automatic 5 minute cycle, 24 hours per day throughout the dura- tion of the remediation. No TCE or other VOC detec- tions occurred in the indoor air at a detection limit of 1 ppmv during the pilot or full-scale operations. Results The groundwater remediation goal was met following five months of ERH operations and the soil goal was met in November 2002, with a 90% reduction in con- tamination levels (Figures 2 and 3). Guaranteed Fixed Price Remediation of PCE in Soil — Site 22 Naval Station Great Lakes North Chicago, Illinois Summary TRS performed an ERH remediation of PCE-contaminated in tight silt-clay soil at the Site 22 Naval Station in Great Lakes, IL . The guaranteed performance based remedial criteria required all PCE concentrations to be less than 20 mg/kg - a 95.5% reduction of PCE in soil to meet the Illinois EPA Tiered Approach to Corrective Action Objectives (TACO) industri- al/commercial criteria. The remedial goal was surpassed within four months of ERH opera- tions with an average of 4.09 mg/kg PCE measured in soil or a 99.6% average reduction of PCE concentrations in soil. Description Site 22 consisted of an old dry cleaning facility that operated in former Building 105. The building was demolished and the surrounding lot is used for vehicle parking. The remediation area was located in the southeastern portion of the active parking lot and consisted of three regions. The total treat- ment area was approximately 2,400 ft 2 , the average depth interval was from 0.5 to 17-ft bgs, and the resulting total treatment volume was approxi- mately 1,400 yd 3 . To mitigate heat losses and enhance performance in the shallow contamination area, a Styrofoam cover was placed on the surface of the treatment region (see Figure 1). Results The estimated pre-ERH mass of CVOCs in the treatment vol- ume was 1,200 - 1,500 pounds. Vapor sampling indicated that 1,159 pounds of PCE was removed by ERH with no sam- ples exceeding an 8 lb/hr requirement. Soil samples were collected at 15 sampling locations within the treatment area. Sampling indicated that the concentration of PCE was reduced by an average of 99.08% in just over four months of ERH operations. Figure 2 illustrates PCE concentra- tions in soil before and after the application of ERH. Standard Fixed Price Remediation of TeCA in Sandstone Bedrock — US Naval Station Annapolis, Annapolis, Maryland Summary TRS performed an ERH source area remediation of 1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane (TeCA) and Trichloroethene (TCE) in soil, fractured rock and groundwater at an average depth of 29 to 70-ft bgs. Cemented sandstone with a hard cemented iron layer was located between 40 to 65-ft bgs. The remedial goal was an average 95% reduction in the TeCA and TCE mass in soil. The project was completed 20 days ahead of schedule and under budget. Description TeCA, at elevated temperatures, rapidly converts to TCE through a water substitution reaction called hydrolysis. During hydrolysis, TeCA reacts directly with water or soil moisture, without regard to redox conditions, and no inorganic or biochemical catalysts are required. During ERH, the conversion of TeCA to TCE proceeds very rapidly as the subsurface begins to heat, leaving the predominate mass removed as TCE, with TeCA forming only a small por- tion of the extracted VOCs. One pound of TeCA forms 0.78 pounds of TCE as determined by chemical stoichiometry. Results This remediation occurred in a busy alley and fire lane behind the base Commissary which remained open to traffic throughout the ERH remedia- tion. After less than two months of heating, three interim soil samples were collected inside the treatment region to check the progress of the remediation and contained non-detect (ND) levels of chlorinated volatile organic compounds (CVOCs). The Navy elected to continue to operate the ERH system for another two months and collect confirmatory sampling one year later. Sampling results showed average total CVOC concentra- tions in soil had been reduced by 99.9% (Figure 2). Standard Fixed Price Remediation of Chlorinated Solvents and BTEX — Naval Weapons Industrial Reserve Plant Bedford, Massachusetts Summary This project was conducted in two phases: a pilot test on Site 3 for CVOCs in ground- water, followed by a full-scale ERH reme- diation on Site 4 to treat BTEX compounds in groundwater. Site 4 remediation goals were to reduce Benzene concentrations in groundwater to 50 μg/l. Results While Site 4 was determined to be a BTEX groundwater contamination source area, the only established reduction goal was for the benzene constituent. Energy input via the design electrode configuration resulted in achieving benzene boiling temperatures in groundwater. Consequently, the Site 4 ERH remediation system was successful in achieving the benzene cleanup goal (Figure 2). It should be noted that there was signif- icant (i.e., greater than 10 percent) reduc- tion in all BTEX constituent concentration levels (Figure 3), as a result of the ERH remediation. Standard Fixed Price DNAPL Removal Action — Alameda Navy Base Alameda, California Summary Plume 4-2 has been impacted by DNAPL consisting of vinyl chloride, DCA, DCE, TCA, TCE, and PCE as well as daughter products (SA’s). A Six Phase Heating (SPH) remediation was installed and operated to reduce the groundwater concentrations of SA’s to below 10,000 μg/l (Figure 1). Description The region was located under and adjacent to Building 350, support- ed by concrete piers (Figure 2) that suspend the floor of the building above grade. Electrode locations were finalized in the field to accommodate the pier spacing to achieve the optimum heating configuration. A five foot gap between the bottom of floor slab and grade provided additional challenges for drilling and electrode place- ment. Eighteen by eighteen inch squares were cut in the slab to accom- modate electrodes (Figure 3). Results Prior to SPH, the average concentration of total SA’s in groundwater was 55,934 μg/l. Following SPH, the final average total SA’s concentration was 1,158 μg/l. The SPH remediation reduced average total concentrations by 98%. All post heating sampling has shown the SA concentrations inside the treatment area have remained below the 10,000 μg/l goal. 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 Area 1 Area 2 Area 3 Before ERH After ERH 1 to 2 Years After ERH 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 Average 0 10000 20000 30000 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 Before ERH After ERH 0 50000 100000 45 50 55 60 65 0 TMP6-010 TMP6-060 TMP610-010 TMP5-030 TMP5-040 TMP12-010 TMP12-023 TMP12-040 TMP12-050 TMP14-013 TMP14-020 TMP14-030 TMP14-040 SB1-010 SB1-033 SB1-040 SB1-050 SB2-030 SB2-040 SB04-050 Average 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000 14000 16000 18000 20000 Before ERH After ERH 0 MW61S MW62S MW63S MW64S MW65S MW18SR 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000 0 MW61S MW62S MW63S MW64S MW65S MW18SR 50 100 150 200 250 350 300 Before After 0 500000 1000000 1500000 2000000 2500000 3500000 NTC22SB20 (mg/kg) NTC22SB21 NTC22SB21 NTC22SB22 NTC22SB22 GL95-105S-13 NTC22MW05S GL95-105S-12 GL95-105S-12 TOL01-GP04 NTC22SB19 Average NTC22MW06D NTC22SB15 NTC22SB15 NTC22MW10D 3000000 Baseline 7/11/06 8/08/06 9/12/06 9/28/06 0 MW8 MW9 MW10 MW13 MW14 WJETA062 WJETA065 WJETA066 WJETA067 MW7 MW11 MW12 10000 20000 30000 40000 50000 60000 70000 80000 90000 100000 13-Nov Site Cleanup Goal Outside Remediation Area 4-Sept August July June April Guaranteed Fixed Price Remediation of DNAPL and LNAPL using ERH — Fort Lewis Superfund Site Fort Lewis, Washington TRS would like to acknowledge the following in the development in this poster: CH2M Hill, Shaw Environmental, Tetra Tech, URS, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, and U.S. EPA. Accelerating Value Figure 2. Concrete Piers Figure 2. Groundwater Results Figure 3. Soil Results Figure 3. Slab cuts for electrodes Figure 1. NAPL Areas 1, 2, 3 Figure 2. TCE in each NAPL area and averages pre- & post-ERH Figure 1. Site Plan Figure 1. Site Plan Figure 1. Site View Figure 2. PCE Concentrations pre- & post- ERH Figure 1. PCE source area. Figure 2 and 3. PCE concentrations Figure 2 (top). Benzene concentrations in groundwater pre- & post- ERH Figure 3 (bottom). Total BTEX concentrations in groundwater pre- & post- ERH Figure 1. Site View Figure 2. Average total CVOC concentrations (μg/kg) in soil with depth before and after ERH For more information please contact: David Fleming, Vice President of Marketing and Sales (425) 396-4266, [email protected] www.thermalrs.com Figure 1. Site Plan
Transcript of Guaranteed and Standard Fixed Price Remediation of DNAPL ... › symposium...This poster provides a...
Guaranteed and Standard Fixed Price Remediation of DNAPL and LNAPL using Electrical Resistance Heating (ERH) at U.S. Military Bases
Guaranteed Fixed Price Remediation ofPCE DNAPL — U.S. Navy Base CharlestonCharleston, South Carolina
SummaryERH was conducted underneath and immediately adjacent to Building1189, the former Base dry cleaning operations, for remediation ofCVOCs, including PCE andTCE (Figure 1). The goalwas to reduce CVOCs ingroundwater by an aver-age of 95%.
DescriptionPCE migrated downward as DNAPL through fill and shallow subsurfaceand accumulated on top of and within the clay layer. Surface area oftreatment was approximately 18,000 ft2 with a subsurface vertical treat-ment interval from 2 to 11-ft bgs (one foot into the semi-confining claylayer).
ResultsFigure 2 represents baseline PCEconcentrations (>500 µg/L) ingroundwater at the Charleston site.The ERH system was shutdown inJuly 2002. Following ERH, CH2MHillconducted an enhanced reductivedechlorination (ERD) pilot test usinglactate. Based on the successfulpilot test, the ERD remediation wasperformed on a full-scale through-out the former ERH treatment region. Figure 3 shows the dramaticdecrease in PCE concentrations 22 months after ERH in March 2004.
Abstract: ERH is a remediation technology where soil andgroundwater is heated by the passage of current through satu-rated and unsaturated soil between the electrodes, not by theelectrodes themselves. It is the resistance to the flow of elec-trical current that results in increased subsurface tempera-tures, and this is typically applied to the boiling point of thecontaminant and water. Steam is created in situ and contami-nants are directly volatilized and/or recovered to the surfaceas free product.
This poster provides a series of case studies of a variety ofprojects that have involved the remediation of DNAPL andLNAPL using ERH at U.S. Military Bases in the past eight years.Site background and data collected will be presented. Severalof these projects were conducted using Guaranteed FixedPrice Remediation (GFPR) contracts.
SummaryThere were three LNAPL/DNAPL source areas at the Ft. Lewis, East GateDisposal Yard (EGDY) NPL site. Contaminants of concern in NAPL Areas 1,2 and 3 included chlorinated solvents, primarily trichloroethene (TCE),and POLs (petroleum products, oil and lubricants). Based upon pre- andpost-ERH sampling, all remedial objectives were met for each NAPL Areaand average TCE concentrations in groundwater were reduced by 99.9%,99.0% and 99.97%, respectively. This complex, multi-step ERH projectwas performed under a guaranteed fixed price remediation (GFPR) con-tract. Using a Triad management approach and applying lessons learnedheating each NAPL area; TRS realized significant project savings for theArmy. The Society of American Military Engineers presented the projectteam with their Silver Design Excellence Award.
DescriptionERH was applied sequentially in the three separate NAPL Areas (Figure1). Area 1 measured 25,400 ft2 and heating extended from 2 to 38 feetbelow ground surface (ft bgs). Area 2 was 22,390 ft2 with a treatmentinterval of 2 to 43-ft bgs. Area 3 covered 18,200 ft2 and treatmentextended from 2 to 30-ft bgs. The volumes treated in NAPL Areas 1, 2and 3 were 35,040, 36,000 and 20,200 yd3, respectively. Site lithologywas very unpredictable and groundwater flow in the highly transmissiveaquifer was as high as 10-20 feet per day in each NAPL Area. The aver-age depth to groundwater in all three areas was 7-ft bgs.
The project team used a Triad management approach that combined flex-ible designs and work plans, rapid data turnaround times, and a webbased data presentation system. This approach allowed the team toincorporate nationally recognized research programs on the in situ biolog-ical and abiotic destruction of TCE into the project. Throughout the proj-ect, system improvements were evaluated and implemented rapidly tokeep on schedule, maximize project performance, and save the Armymoney.
ResultsGroundwater TCE concentrations in NAPL Areas 1, 2, and 3 were reducedby 99.9% , 99.0%, and 99.97% respectively. Almost 2 years followingERH, TCE concentrations in groundwater continued to decline in all threeNAPL Areas. Figure 2 shows TCE concentrations in all three NAPL Areasand the averages before ERH, immediately after ERH, and twenty-twomonths after heating.
ESTCP Funded ResearchAdditional research presently underway is designed to study thebiodegradation and zero valent iron dechlorination pathways during andpost ERH heating. Two separate test sites at the EGDY have been identi-fied and electrodes will be installed in early December 2008. The studydesign calls for heating to 50—60ºC and ERH operations are scheduledto begin in Spring of 2009.
Partners include: Army Corps of Engineers, Northwind Environmental andTRS.
Standard Fixed Price Remediation of TCE DNAPL under an Operating Industrial Manufacturing Facility — Air Force Plant 4Fort Worth, Texas
SummaryTRS designed, installed and operated a full-scale ERH remediation system covering an area of about 1/2 acre inside Building 181 at Air Force Plant 4 inFort Worth, TX. This is the most complex application of ERH ever completed inside and underneath an operating, heavy industrial manufacturing facility. Thecleanup objectives for the full-scale remediation were to reduce average TCE concentrations in soil and groundwater to 11.5 mg/kg and 10 mg/l, respec-tively. The groundwater remediation goal was met following five months of ERH operations and the soil remediation goal was met in November 2002, with a90% reduction in contamination levels.
DescriptionThe ERH system was installed inside Building 181 (Figure 1). The design parameters were precise in the placement of electrodes and many were installedon as much as a 32° angle underneath manufacturing equipment, chemical bath tanks, and piping racks. The production of Air Force Fighter Jets insideBuilding 181 operates 24 hours a day/7 days a week and workers were allowed access directly over the ERH area during operations.
Figure 1 shows the pilot test area and full-scale remediation. The treatment interval extended from approximately 4 to 37-ft bgs into the top of the compe-tent limestone bedrock (Walnut Formation).
The air inside Building 181 was sampled and ana-lyzed using a gas chromatograph and photo acousticmulti gas analyzer (PMA) during operations. Mostmeasurements were collected on an automatic 5minute cycle, 24 hours per day throughout the dura-tion of the remediation. No TCE or other VOC detec-tions occurred in the indoor air at a detection limit of1 ppmv during the pilot or full-scale operations.
ResultsThe groundwater remediation goal was met followingfive months of ERH operations and the soil goal wasmet in November 2002, with a 90% reduction in con-tamination levels (Figures 2 and 3).
Guaranteed Fixed Price Remediation of PCE in Soil — Site 22 Naval Station Great LakesNorth Chicago, Illinois
SummaryTRS performed an ERH remediation of PCE-contaminated in tight silt-clay soil at the Site 22Naval Station in Great Lakes, IL . The guaranteed performance based remedial criteriarequired all PCE concentrations to be less than 20 mg/kg - a 95.5% reduction of PCE insoil to meet the Illinois EPA Tiered Approach to Corrective Action Objectives (TACO) industri-al/commercial criteria. The remedial goal was surpassed within four months of ERH opera-tions with an average of 4.09 mg/kg PCE measured in soil or a 99.6% average reduction ofPCE concentrations in soil.
DescriptionSite 22 consisted of an old dry cleaning facility that operated in former Building 105. The building was demolished and the surrounding lot is used forvehicle parking. The remediation area was located in the southeastern portion of the active parking lot and consisted of three regions. The total treat-ment area was approximately 2,400 ft2, the average depth interval was from 0.5 to 17-ft bgs, and the resulting total treatment volume was approxi-mately 1,400 yd3. To mitigate heat losses and enhance performance in the shallow contamination area, a Styrofoam cover was placed on the surfaceof the treatment region (see Figure 1).
ResultsThe estimated pre-ERH mass of CVOCs in the treatment vol-ume was 1,200 - 1,500 pounds. Vapor sampling indicatedthat 1,159 pounds of PCE was removed by ERH with no sam-ples exceeding an 8 lb/hr requirement.
Soil samples were collected at 15 sampling locations withinthe treatment area. Sampling indicated that the concentrationof PCE was reduced by an average of 99.08% in just over fourmonths of ERH operations. Figure 2 illustrates PCE concentra-tions in soil before and after the application of ERH.
Standard Fixed Price Remediation of TeCA in Sandstone Bedrock —US Naval Station Annapolis, Annapolis, Maryland
SummaryTRS performed an ERH source area remediation of 1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane (TeCA) andTrichloroethene (TCE) in soil, fractured rock and groundwater at an average depth of 29 to70-ft bgs. Cemented sandstone with a hard cemented iron layer was located between 40 to65-ft bgs. The remedial goal was an average 95% reduction in the TeCA and TCE mass insoil. The project was completed 20 days ahead of schedule and under budget.
DescriptionTeCA, at elevated temperatures, rapidly converts to TCE through a water substitution reaction called hydrolysis. During hydrolysis, TeCA reacts directlywith water or soil moisture, without regard to redox conditions, and no inorganic or biochemical catalysts are required. During ERH, the conversion ofTeCA to TCE proceeds very rapidly as the subsurface begins to heat, leaving the predominate mass removed as TCE, with TeCA forming only a small por-tion of the extracted VOCs. One pound of TeCA forms 0.78 pounds of TCE as determined by chemical stoichiometry.
ResultsThis remediation occurred in a busy alley and fire lane behind the baseCommissary which remained open to traffic throughout the ERH remedia-tion. After less than two months of heating, three interim soil sampleswere collected inside the treatment region to check the progress of theremediation and contained non-detect (ND) levels of chlorinated volatileorganic compounds (CVOCs). The Navy elected to continue to operate theERH system for another two months and collect confirmatory samplingone year later. Sampling results showed average total CVOC concentra-tions in soil had been reduced by 99.9% (Figure 2).
Standard Fixed Price Remediation ofChlorinated Solvents and BTEX — NavalWeapons Industrial Reserve PlantBedford, Massachusetts
SummaryThis project was conducted in two phases:a pilot test on Site 3 for CVOCs in ground-water, followed by a full-scale ERH reme-diation on Site 4 to treat BTEX compoundsin groundwater. Site 4 remediation goalswere to reduce Benzene concentrations ingroundwater to 50 µg/l.
ResultsWhile Site 4 was determined to be a BTEXgroundwater contamination source area,the only established reduction goal was forthe benzene constituent. Energy input viathe design electrode configuration resultedin achieving benzene boiling temperaturesin groundwater. Consequently, the Site 4ERH remediation system was successful inachieving the benzene cleanup goal (Figure2). It should be noted that there was signif-icant (i.e., greater than 10 percent) reduc-tion in all BTEX constituent concentrationlevels (Figure 3), as a result of the ERHremediation.
Standard Fixed Price DNAPL RemovalAction — Alameda Navy BaseAlameda, California
SummaryPlume 4-2 has been impacted by DNAPL consisting of vinyl chloride,DCA, DCE, TCA, TCE, and PCE as well as daughter products (SA’s). A SixPhase Heating (SPH) remediation was installed and operated to reducethe groundwater concentrations of SA’s to below 10,000 µg/l (Figure 1).
DescriptionThe region was locatedunder and adjacent toBuilding 350, support-ed by concrete piers(Figure 2) that suspendthe floor of the buildingabove grade. Electrodelocations were finalizedin the field to accommodate the pier spacing to achieve the optimumheating configuration. A five foot gap between the bottom of floor slaband grade provided additional challenges for drilling and electrode place-ment. Eighteen by eighteen inch squares were cut in the slab to accom-modate electrodes (Figure 3).
ResultsPrior to SPH, the average concentration of total SA’s in groundwater was55,934 µg/l. Following SPH, the final average total SA’s concentration was1,158 µg/l. The SPH remediation reduced average total concentrations by98%. All post heating sampling has shown the SA concentrations insidethe treatment area have remained below the 10,000 µg/l goal.
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Site Cleanup Goal
Outside Remediation Area
4-Sept August July June April
Guaranteed Fixed Price Remediation of DNAPL and LNAPL using ERH — Fort Lewis Superfund SiteFort Lewis, Washington
TRS would like to acknowledge the following in the development in this poster: CH2M Hill, ShawEnvironmental, Tetra Tech, URS, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, and U.S. EPA. Accelerating Value
Figure 2. Concrete Piers
Figure 2. Groundwater Results Figure 3. Soil Results
Figure 3. Slab cuts for electrodes
Figure 1. NAPL Areas 1, 2, 3
Figure 2. TCE in each NAPL area and averages pre- & post-ERH
Figure 1. Site Plan
Figure 1. Site Plan
Figure 1. Site View
Figure 2. PCE Concentrations pre- & post- ERH
Figure 1. PCE source area.
Figure 2 and 3. PCE concentrations
Figure 2 (top). Benzene concentrations in groundwater pre- & post- ERH
Figure 3 (bottom). Total BTEX concentrations in groundwater pre- & post- ERH
Figure 1. Site View
Figure 2. Average total CVOC concentrations (µg/kg) in soil with depth before andafter ERH
For more information please contact:David Fleming, Vice President of Marketing and Sales(425) 396-4266, [email protected]
Figure 1. Site Plan
