Guan Shi Yin 2
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Transcript of Guan Shi Yin 2
Domestication of Guanyin through Indigenous Iconographies• Chinese
creation of new iconographies of Guanyin• The Water-Moon
Guanyin• The White-robed
GuanyinSong Dynasty, wood sculpture
Closer look
Water-Moon. Wall Painting, by fifteen court painters, Ming Dynasty
Left: By an unknown modern painter
Right: by Zhang Daqian in 1973
By a modern painter
White-robed Guanyin, stone sculpture, Southern Song, 1142-1146, now in Dazu Cave, Sichuan
Regional diversity of indigenous icons• Great
Compassionate Guanyin
• Great Compassionate Eleven-faced Guanyin
Eleven-faced Guanyin, Stone sculpture, probably Tang Dynasty
• Great Sage Wish-fulfilling Guanyin
• Guanyin Who Prolongs Life and Saves [One] from Suffering
• Great Merciful and Compassionate Guanyin Who Saves One from Suffering
• Guanyin Who Manifests in Response
Pure Vase Guanyin Precious Basket
Guanyin Precious Sutra Guanyin Precious Fan Guanyin Willow Branch Guanyin Precious Jewel Guanyin Precious Mirror Guanyin Lotus Hand Guanyin Wish-fulfilling Wheel
Guanyin Rosary Hand Guanyin
Guanyin of “The Universal Gateway Chapter” Guanyin Who Protects One from Bad Karmic Retribution Guanyin Who Removes Dangers from Elephants Guanyin Who Removes Dangers from Water Guanyin Who Removes Dangers from Fire Guanyin Who Subdues Ghosts and Evil Spirits Guanyin Who Removes Dangers from Beasts Guanyin Who Saves [One] from Suffering by Seeking
Out Voices Mt. Potalaka Guanyin Guanyin of the Desolate Ocean Coast
Further Feminization of Guanyin
Scriptural basis of Guanyin’s female identity In the “Universal Gateway” chapter of the
Lotus Sutra, 7 of the 33 manifestations are feminine
• Nun, lay woman, wife of an elder, householder, official, Brahmin, and girl.
In the Surangama Sutra, 6 of 32 manifestations are feminine
• Nun, lay woman, queen, princess, noble lady, virgin maiden.
Myths and Legends “Euhemerize” Guanyin
• Give him birthday• Establish his sacred abode in Mt. Puto in
Eastern Chekiang (Zhejiang)• Transform his gender and identity
• Creating “Princess Miao-shan” stories and icons
• Fictional accounts in “precious scrolls”, e.g., Precious Scroll of Xiangshan (Hsiang-shan)
• Fictional accounts in novels
Miao-shan LegendMiao-shan Legend
Formation: Formation: Lay society created a new image and Lay society created a new image and
identity of Guanyin: (5identity of Guanyin: (5thth c) c) A woman who saved, healed, …people A woman who saved, healed, …people a filial girl who refused to get marrieda filial girl who refused to get married
Lay society spread Miao-shan story Lay society spread Miao-shan story and Guanyin worshipand Guanyin worship
Important themes:Important themes: ““gift of the body”—body parts as giftsgift of the body”—body parts as gifts Filial piety expanded to repayment Filial piety expanded to repayment
(paying back debts owed to parents) (paying back debts owed to parents) Chanting evokes Guanyin’s salvific Chanting evokes Guanyin’s salvific
response response ““Great compassion dharani” Great compassion dharani” “ “Guanyin meditation mudra”Guanyin meditation mudra”
1000-arm Kannon (Senju Kannon)8th century, Fujii-dera (in Osaka)