GSM TOWARDS LTE NETWORKS
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Transcript of GSM TOWARDS LTE NETWORKS
GSM TOWARDS LTE NETWORKS
Lecture # 2
CELLULAR GENERATIONS First Generation Wireless : Analog Second Generation Wireless (2G): Digital Second Generation Wireless + (2G+): More Data Third Generation Wireless (3G):
Universal Global Wireless Voice and Data System Worldwide Effort Toward 3G
International Standard Underway: IMT-2000
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1st GENERATION CELLULAR SYSTEM Widespread introduction in early 1980s. Analogue modulation. Frequency division multiple access. Voice traffic only. No inter-network roaming possible. Insecure air interface. Examples :
AMPS (Advance mobile Phone System, American based,800MHz) TACS (Total Access Communications System, UK based,900MHz) C-450 (German standard, 450MHz) JTACS (Japanese Total Access Communications System,900MHz).
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2nd GENERATION OF CELLULAR NETWORKS
Widespread introduction in 1990s. Use digital modulation. Variety of multiple access strategies. More efficient use of radio spectrum. International roaming capability. Secure air interface. Compatibility with ISDN.
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GSM ARCHITECTURE OVERVIEW A GSM system is made up of three subsystems:
The mobile station (MS) The Base station subsystem (BSS) The Network and switching subsystem (NSS)
The interfaces defined between each of these sub systems include:
“A” interface between NSS and BSS “Abis” interface between BSC and BTS (Within the BSS) “Um” air interface between the BSS and the MS
GSM ARCHITECTURE OVERVIEW
Main components of GSM
The mobile station (MS) BSS Base Station Subsystem (BTS+BSC) MSS Mobile Station Subsystem (MSC/HLR, ..)
BSCBTS MSC
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Abis Interface
Interface
GSM NETWORK / DEPARTMENT OVERVIEW / 2G NETWORK
BTS
BSC
MSC
VLR HLR AuC EIR
PSTN,ISDN...
OMCOMC
NMC X.25 linksGSM interfaces
Voicemail Server
SM-SC
MS (Mobile Station)
BSS (Base Station System)
NSS (Network Switching Subsystem)
OMM (Operations & Maintenance Management)
MS
RAN department
RF department
NSS department
Transmission department
NMC and OMC
BSS
Signaling transmissionCall connections and signaling transmission
AUC
VLR
HLR
EIR
SSSwitching Systems
Base Station Systems
MS
Other Networks
GSMOverview 00/9
GMSC MSC
BTS
BSC
GSM system
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GSM Call GSM Call SetupSetup
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MS Mobile Station = phone + SIM card
BTS Base Transceiver Station BSC Base Station Controller HLR Home Location Register MSC Mobile services Switching
Centre VLR Visitor Location Register AUC Authentication Centre
Stand-alone or integrated in HLR
EIR Equipment Identity RegisterFor blacklisting stolen and
unwanted equipment SMSC Short Message Service
”Support” Centre VMS Voice Messaging System PrePaid Node Hosting prepaid service
system IN Intelligent Network services PSTN Public Switched Telephone
Network PABX Private Automatic Branch
Exchange
MSC/VLRWarid
Telenore
BSC
SMSC
EIR
INTERNET
MobilinkPSTN
BSC
PrePaidNode
VMS
HLR
MSCw
AUC
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MSC SMSC
EIR
INTERNET
PABXPSTNInternational
PSTNFixed Network
BSC
IN
PrePaid
VMSVoicemail
HLR
MSC BSC
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MSC SMSC
EIR
INTERNET
BSC
IN
PrePaid
VMSVoicemail
HLR
MSC BSC
PABXPSTNInternational
PSTNFixed Network
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MSC SMSC
EIR
INTERNET
BSC
IN
PrePaid
VMSVoicemail
HLR
MSC BSC
PABXPSTNInternational
PSTNFixed Network
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MSC SMSC
EIR
INTERNET
BSC
IN
PrePaid
VMSVoicemail
HLR
MSC BSC
PABXPSTNInternational
PSTNFixed Network
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BSCBSC
Base Station ControllerBase Station Controller
The call request reaches the BSC from the The call request reaches the BSC from the BTS and is forwarded to MSC.BTS and is forwarded to MSC.
After call is established, the BSC will perform After call is established, the BSC will perform decodingdecoding of the call (in typical config.) of the call (in typical config.)
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BSC HLR
MSC SMSC
EIR
INTERNETIN
PrePaid
VMSVoicemail
MSC BSC
PABXPSTNInternational
PSTNFixed Network
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BSC HLR
MSC SMSC
EIR
INTERNETIN
PrePaid
VMSVoicemail
MSC BSC
PABXPSTNInternational
PSTNFixed Network
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BSC HLR
MSC SMSC
EIR
INTERNETIN
PrePaid
VMSVoicemail
MSC BSC
PABXPSTNInternational
PSTNFixed Network
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Checks A number.Checks A number. To whom is A subscriber calling?To whom is A subscriber calling?
(Checks B number)(Checks B number) Example : A subscriberExample : A subscriber has has
prepaid number.prepaid number.
MSC MSC
Mobile Switching CentreMobile Switching Centre
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BSC HLR
MSC SMSC
EIR
INTERNETIN
PrePaid
VMSVoicemail
MSC BSC
PABXPSTNInternational
PSTNFixed Network
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BSC HLR
MSC SMSC
EIR
INTERNETIN
PrePaid
VMSVoicemail
MSC BSC
PABXPSTNInternational
PSTNFixed Network
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BSC HLR
MSC SMSC
EIR
INTERNETIN
PrePaidPrePaid
VMSVoicemail
MSC BSC
PABXPSTNInternational
PSTNFixed Network
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Does the A subscriber have Does the A subscriber have money left on his/her account?money left on his/her account?
When the call is established When the call is established and on-going the subscriber’s and on-going the subscriber’s account is decremented account is decremented accordingly.accordingly.
PrePaid NodePrePaid Node
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BSCHLR
MSC SMSC
EIR
INTERNETIN
PrePaid
VMSVoicemail
MSC BSC
PABXPSTNInternational
PSTNFixed Network
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BSCHLR
MSC SMSC
EIR
INTERNETIN
PrePaid
VMSVoicemail
MSC BSC
PABXPSTNInternational
PSTNFixed Network
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BSCHLR
MSCMSC SMSC
EIR
INTERNETIN
PrePaid
VMSVoicemail
MSC BSC
PABXPSTNInternational
PSTNFixed Network
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Where is the B subscriber?Where is the B subscriber? MSC interrogates in HLR.MSC interrogates in HLR.
(HLR = Home Location (HLR = Home Location Register)Register)
MSCMSC Mobile Switching CentreMobile Switching Centre
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BSCHLR
MSCMSCIN
PrePaid
VMSVoicemail
MSC BSC
PABXPSTNInternational
PSTNFixed Network
SMSC
EIR
INTERNET
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BSCHLR
MSCMSC
MSC BSC
PABXPSTNInternational
PSTNFixed Network
IN
PrePaid
VMSVoicemail
SMSC
EIR
INTERNET
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BSCHLRHLR
MSCMSC
MSC BSC
PABXPSTNInternational
PSTNFixed Network
IN
PrePaid
VMSVoicemail
SMSC
EIR
INTERNET
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HLR says ’I am the home of the B HLR says ’I am the home of the B subscriber and I know where he/she is subscriber and I know where he/she is right now’ (i.e. which VLR)right now’ (i.e. which VLR)
Tells this VLR ’Give me a visitor address Tells this VLR ’Give me a visitor address for this subscriber’ (Roaming Number) for this subscriber’ (Roaming Number)
HLRHLRHome Location Register
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BSCHLRHLR
MSCMSC
MSC BSC
PABXPSTNInternational
PSTNFixed Network
IN
PrePaid
VMSVoicemail
SMSC
EIR
INTERNET
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BSCHLRHLR
MSCMSC
MSC BSC
PABXPSTNInternational
PSTNFixed Network
IN
PrePaid
VMSVoicemail
SMSC
EIR
INTERNET
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BSCHLRHLR
MSCMSC
MSC BSC
PABXPSTNInternational
PSTNFixed Network
IN
PrePaid
VMSVoicemail
SMSC
EIR
INTERNET
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BSCHLRHLR
MSCMSC
MSC BSC
PABXPSTNInternational
PSTNFixed Network
IN
PrePaid
VMSVoicemail
SMSC
EIR
INTERNET
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BSCHLRHLR
MSCMSC
MSCMSC BSC
PABXPSTNInternational
PSTNFixed Network
IN
PrePaid
VMSVoicemail
SMSC
EIR
INTERNET
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Hosting MSC/VLR returns Hosting MSC/VLR returns TEMPORARILY assigned visitor/roaming TEMPORARILY assigned visitor/roaming address for B-subscriber to HLR.address for B-subscriber to HLR.
MSCMSC
Mobile Switching CentreMobile Switching Centre
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BSCHLRHLR
MSCMSC
MSC BSC
PABXPSTNInternational
PSTNFixed Network
IN
PrePaid
VMSVoicemail
SMSC
EIR
INTERNET
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BSCHLRHLR
MSCMSC
MSC BSC
PABXPSTNInternational
PSTNFixed Network
IN
PrePaid
VMSVoicemail
SMSC
EIR
INTERNET
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BSCHLRHLR
MSCMSC
MSC BSC
PABXPSTNInternational
PSTNFixed Network
IN
PrePaid
VMSVoicemail
SMSC
EIR
INTERNET
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BSCHLRHLR
MSCMSC
MSC BSC
PABXPSTNInternational
PSTNFixed Network
IN
PrePaid
VMSVoicemail
SMSC
EIR
INTERNET
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BSCHLRHLR
MSCMSC
MSC BSC
PABXPSTNInternational
PSTNFixed Network
IN
PrePaid
VMSVoicemail
SMSC
EIR
INTERNET
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’’Thanks for the visitor address!’Thanks for the visitor address!’ ’’I will send this address to the I will send this address to the
MSC that requested for it.’ MSC that requested for it.’
HLRHLRHome Location Register
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BSCHLRHLR
MSCMSC
MSC BSC
PABXPSTNInternational
PSTNFixed Network
IN
PrePaid
VMSVoicemail
SMSC
EIR
INTERNET
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BSCHLRHLR
MSCMSC
MSC BSC
PABXPSTNInternational
PSTNFixed Network
IN
PrePaid
VMSVoicemail
SMSC
EIR
INTERNET
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BSCHLRHLR
MSCMSC
MSC BSC
PABXPSTNInternational
PSTNFixed Network
IN
PrePaid
VMSVoicemail
SMSC
EIR
INTERNET
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’’Thank you, HLR!’Thank you, HLR!’ Speech connection path will set Speech connection path will set
up now towards the MSC/VLR up now towards the MSC/VLR where the B subscriber is where the B subscriber is presently located.presently located.
MSCMSC
Mobile Switching CentreMobile Switching Centre
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BSCHLRHLR
MSCMSC
MSC BSC
PABXPSTNInternational
PSTNFixed Network
IN
PrePaid
VMSVoicemail
SMSC
EIR
INTERNET
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BSCHLRHLR
MSCMSC
MSC BSC
PABXPSTNInternational
PSTNFixed Network
IN
PrePaid
VMSVoicemail
SMSC
EIR
INTERNET
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BSCHLRHLR
MSCMSC
MSC BSC
PABXPSTNInternational
PSTNFixed Network
IN
PrePaid
VMSVoicemail
SMSC
EIR
INTERNET
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Sets up a speech connection towards Sets up a speech connection towards BSC.BSC.
Delivers B-subscriber ID to BSC and asks Delivers B-subscriber ID to BSC and asks to page for the subscriber using that ID.to page for the subscriber using that ID.
MSCMSC
Mobile Switching CentreMobile Switching Centre
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BSCHLRHLR
MSCMSC
MSC BSC
PABXPSTNInternational
PSTNFixed Network
IN
PrePaid
VMSVoicemail
SMSC
EIR
INTERNET
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BSCHLRHLR
MSCMSC
MSC BSC
PABXPSTNInternational
PSTNFixed Network
IN
PrePaid
VMSVoicemail
SMSC
EIR
INTERNET
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BSCHLRHLR
MSCMSC
MSC BSC
PABXPSTNInternational
PSTNFixed Network
IN
PrePaid
VMSVoicemail
SMSC
EIR
INTERNET
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BSC now sends a PAGING MESSAGE to all the BTSs that it BSC now sends a PAGING MESSAGE to all the BTSs that it covers/controls.covers/controls.
Carrys PAGING RESPONSE from called MS back to MSC.Carrys PAGING RESPONSE from called MS back to MSC. Allocates a RADIO channel through a BTS with best Allocates a RADIO channel through a BTS with best
available and allowable SIGNAL STRENGTH for called MS.available and allowable SIGNAL STRENGTH for called MS. Performs SPEECH CODING when call is established.Performs SPEECH CODING when call is established.
BSCBSC
Base Station ControllerBase Station Controller
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BSCHLRHLR
MSCMSC
MSC BSC
PABXPSTNInternational
PSTNFixed Network
IN
PrePaid
VMSVoicemail
SMSC
EIR
INTERNET
THANKS