GSM-R UMG8900 Product Description 20090601...GSM network, supporting the integration of these...

Product Description

HUAWEI UMG8900 V200R007

Issue 05

Date 2008-06-02

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

Issue 05 (2008-06-02) Commercial in Confidence of 102

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Product Description


About This Document

Author

Prepared by Liao Huanran Date 2009-05-30

Reviewed by Date

Approved by Wang Zhoujie Date 2009-05-30

Summary

This document describes the orientation, features, services and functions, and networking

applications of the UMG8900.

This document includes:

Chapter Details

1 Overview of the UMG8900 This chapter describes the network position of the

UMG8900 in Huawei’s GSM/UMTS solution based on

the softswitch architecture and network evolution.

2 Key Benefits This chapter the major features and benefits of the

UMG8900.

3 System Architecture This chapter describes the basic components of the

UMG8900 in the two respects of hardware and

software architecture. This chapter also gives typical

configuration examples.

4 Services and Networking

Applications

This chapter details the service functions and

networking applications provided by the UMG8900.

5 Reliability This chapter presents the reliability designs of the

UMG8900 in the three respects of system, hardware

and software reliability.

6 OAM System This chapter describes the architecture and

implementation of the operation, administration and

maintenance (OAM) system of the UMG8900.


Product Description


Chapter Details

7 Technical Specifications This chapter lists the technical specifications of the

UMG8900.

8 Installation This chapter describes installation procedure and the

expansion and upgrade procedure of the UMG8900.

Appendix A Acronyms and

Abbreviations

This appendix lists the acronyms and abbreviations in

the manual and their full names.

History

Issue Details Date Author Approved by

01 Creation 2009-05-30 Liao Huanran Wang Zhoujie


Product Description


Contents

1 Overview of the UMG8900 .......................................................................................................... 9

1.1 Current Network Situation ............................................................................................................................. 10

1.2 Product Orientation of the UMG8900 ............................................................................................................ 10

1.3 Network Solutions .......................................................................................................................................... 11

1.4 Network Evolution ......................................................................................................................................... 12

2 Key Benefits ................................................................................................................................. 15

2.1 Hardware Features ......................................................................................................................................... 16

2.1.1 Packet and TDM Switch Integrated Platform ....................................................................................... 16

2.1.2 Series of Hardware Platforms ............................................................................................................... 16

2.1.3 Powerful Cascading Functions .............................................................................................................. 19

2.1.4 Diversified Interfaces ............................................................................................................................ 26

2.1.5 High Clock Precision ............................................................................................................................ 32

2.2 Service Features ............................................................................................................................................. 33

2.2.1 Powerful Service Processing Ability ..................................................................................................... 33

2.2.2 Networking Flexibility .......................................................................................................................... 34

2.2.3 Large Capacity and High Density ......................................................................................................... 35

2.2.4 Smooth Expansion ................................................................................................................................ 35

2.3 Maintenance Features ..................................................................................................................................... 35

2.3.1 Easy Installation and Maintenance ........................................................................................................ 35

2.3.2 Perfect Security Design ......................................................................................................................... 36

2.3.3 Carrier-Class Reliability........................................................................................................................ 37

3 System Architecture .................................................................................................................... 39

3.1 Physical Architecture...................................................................................................................................... 40

3.1.1 Cabinet Appearance .............................................................................................................................. 40

3.1.2 Frame Appearance ................................................................................................................................ 42

3.2 Hardware Architecture ................................................................................................................................... 43

3.2.1 Hardware Fundamentals ....................................................................................................................... 43

3.2.2 Cabinet Architecture ............................................................................................................................. 47

3.2.3 Frame Architecture ................................................................................................................................ 50

3.3 Logical Architecture ....................................................................................................................................... 52

3.3.1 Logical Fundamentals ........................................................................................................................... 52

3.3.2 Gateway Control and Management Module ......................................................................................... 53

3.3.3 Packet Processing Module .................................................................................................................... 54

3.3.4 TDM Processing Module ...................................................................................................................... 54


Product Description


3.3.5 Service Resource Module ..................................................................................................................... 55

3.3.6 Signaling Adaptation Module ............................................................................................................... 55

3.3.7 Cascading Module ................................................................................................................................ 55

3.4 Software Architecture ..................................................................................................................................... 56

3.4.1 Software Fundamentals ......................................................................................................................... 56

3.4.2 Host Software........................................................................................................................................ 56

3.4.3 Client Software ..................................................................................................................................... 58

4 Services and Networking Applications .................................................................................. 59

4.1 Services .......................................................................................................................................................... 60

4.1.1 Basic Bearer Services............................................................................................................................ 60

4.1.2 Intelligent Services ................................................................................................................................ 60

4.1.3 Multimedia Services ............................................................................................................................. 60

4.1.4 PMR Services........................................................................................................................................ 60

4.2 Functions ........................................................................................................................................................ 60

4.2.1 QoS Insurance ....................................................................................................................................... 60

4.2.2 Mobility Support ................................................................................................................................... 61

4.2.3 Embedded SG ....................................................................................................................................... 61

4.2.4 Audio Mixing ........................................................................................................................................ 61

4.2.5 Virtual Media Gateway ......................................................................................................................... 61

4.2.6 LICENSE .............................................................................................................................................. 62

4.2.7 TrFO/TFO ............................................................................................................................................. 62

4.2.8 IPoE1 .................................................................................................................................................... 62

4.2.9 Iu Flex ................................................................................................................... 错误错误错误错误！！！！未定义书签未定义书签未定义书签未定义书签。。。。

4.2.10 Iu PS Service Transfer......................................................................................... 错误错误错误错误！！！！未定义书签未定义书签未定义书签未定义书签。。。。

4.3 Network Applications ..................................................................................................................................... 62

4.3.1 GSM Networking .................................................................................................................................. 63

4.3.2 UMTS R99 Networking ........................................................................................ 错误错误错误错误！！！！未定义书签未定义书签未定义书签未定义书签。。。。

4.3.3 UMTS R4 Networking .......................................................................................... 错误错误错误错误！！！！未定义书签未定义书签未定义书签未定义书签。。。。

4.3.4 IMS Networking ................................................................................................... 错误错误错误错误！！！！未定义书签未定义书签未定义书签未定义书签。。。。

4.4 Networking Examples .................................................................................................................................... 64

4.4.1 GSM Level-1 Tandem VoIP Networking of Operator C ....................................... 错误错误错误错误！！！！未定义书签未定义书签未定义书签未定义书签。。。。

4.4.2 GSM Local Exchange Networking of Operator W ............................................................................... 64

5 Reliability ..................................................................................................................................... 67

5.1 System Reliability .......................................................................................................................................... 68

5.1.1 System Protection Measures ................................................................................................................. 68

5.1.2 Error Tolerance Consideration .............................................................................................................. 69

5.2 Hardware Reliability ...................................................................................................................................... 70

5.2.1 General Hardware Design ..................................................................................................................... 70

5.2.2 Backup Reliability Design .................................................................................................................... 70

5.2.3 Hardware Maintainability Design ......................................................................................................... 71

5.3 Software Reliability ....................................................................................................................................... 71


Product Description


5.3.1 Software Engineering ............................................................................................................................ 71

5.3.2 Upgrade Without Service Interruption .................................................................................................. 72

5.3.3 Error Tolerance Design ......................................................................................................................... 72

5.3.4 Fault Monitoring and Handling ............................................................................................................. 72

6 OAM System ................................................................................................................................ 75

6.1 System Architecture ....................................................................................................................................... 76

6.1.1 LMT ...................................................................................................................................................... 76

6.1.2 iManager M2000 System ...................................................................................................................... 78

6.1.3 MML Command Line ........................................................................................................................... 78

6.2 OAM Functions .............................................................................................................................................. 79

6.2.1 Device Management ............................................................................................................................. 79

6.2.2 Data Management ................................................................................................................................. 79

6.2.3 Alarm Management ............................................................................................................................... 79

6.2.4 Tracing Management............................................................................................................................. 79

6.2.5 Performance Management .................................................................................................................... 80

6.2.6 Environment and Power Supply Monitoring ........................................................................................ 80

7 Technical Specifications ............................................................................................................ 81

7.1 System Performance Specifications ............................................................................................................... 82

7.1.1 Service Processing Ability .................................................................................................................... 82

7.1.2 Platform Switching Ability ................................................................................................................... 84

7.1.3 Clock Specifications ............................................................................................................................. 84

7.1.4 Voice Quality Specifications ................................................................................................................. 86

7.1.5 Reliability .............................................................................................................................................. 86

7.2 Technical Parameters of the Whole UMG8900 .............................................................................................. 87

7.2.1 Power Supply and Consumption ........................................................................................................... 87

7.2.2 Mechanical Specifications .................................................................................................................... 87

7.2.3 Safety Specifications ............................................................................................................................. 88

7.2.4 EMC ...................................................................................................................................................... 88

7.3 Environmental Specifications......................................................................................................................... 88

7.3.1 Running Conditions .............................................................................................................................. 89

7.3.2 Storage Conditions ................................................................................................................................ 91

7.3.3 Transportation Conditions ..................................................................................................................... 94

8 Installation.................................................................................................................................... 97

8.1 System Installation ......................................................................................................................................... 98

8.2 System Expansion and Upgrade ..................................................................................................................... 98

A Acronyms and Abbreviations .................................................................................................. 99


Product Description


1 Overview of the UMG8900

About This Chapter

This chapter first describes the current situation and development of the mobile network.

Then it gives the network positions and applications of the UMG8900 in Huawei solutions for

the mobile network

The following table lists the contents of this chapter.

Title Description

1.1 Current Network Situation Describes the current situation of the mobile networks

1.2 Product Orientation of the

UMG8900

Describes the product orientation of the UMG8900

1.3 Network Solutions Describes the network solutions


Product Description


1.1 Current Network Situation

The current global system for mobile communications (GSM-R) network adopts the

traditional transmission technology of Time division multiplexing (TDM). Network elements

connect with each other in the star topology and network elements with different functions

connect with each other in the hierarchical topology. The network topology is complex.

In addition, because TDM transmission devices are relatively complex, the cost for network

construction and maintenance is high.

The development of the IP network makes it an inevitable choice for network evolution to

provide integrated voice, data and video services based on the IP packet technology.

During the evolution from the GSM-R network, the packet transmission technology will be

introduced gradually. The final aim is to evolve to the all-IP network.

The current GSM-R network must introduce the packet transmission technology based on IP

during such evolution processes as network expansion, upgrade and device replacement. On

one hand, it meets the trend of network evolution. On the other hand, because the IP network

technology is simple and universal, it can reduce the cost for network construction and

operation effectively.

The UMG8900 is designed based on the softswitch architecture. The UMG8900 networks

with Huawei MSC server under the separated architecture. This networking completely

supports various narrowband voice and data services of the current GSM-R network. In

addition, the IP packet transmission technology is introduced to meet smooth evolution from

the TDM to IP packet network.

1.2 Product Orientation of the UMG8900

The UMG8900 converts service bearers, enables interworking between bearers and processes

service stream formats. The UMG8900 is a core network device in Huawei GSM-R solutions.

It can help operators to build a communication network that is low cost, profitable and

future-oriented.

The UMG8900 has powerful networking functions and provides abundant services. It can

serve as various functional entities to meet the networking requirements of operators.

The UMG8900 is oriented as:

� Service bearer device in a local exchange in the GSM-R network

� Service bearer device in a tandem/toll exchange in the GSM-R network

� Service bearer device in a gateway exchange in the GSM-R network

� Visited mobile switching center (VMSC), tandem mobile switching center (TMSC) or

gateway mobile switching center (GMSC) together with Huawei MSC server in the

GSM network, supporting the integration of these functions

The UMG8900 can network with the MSC server of Huawei to support various basic,

supplementary, and value-added services in the traditional GSM-R network. In addition, as

the UMG8900 is based on the separated architecture, it is easy and quick to introduce new

services.


Product Description


1.3 Network Solutions

Based on the requirements and network characteristics of different operators, Huawei

provides maintainable, operable and manageable customized network solutions. The solutions

lay a foundation for network operators to obtain more profits.

Huawei GSM-R network solution based on the softswitch architecture is shown in Figure 1-1.

Figure 1-1 Huawei GSM-R network solution based on the softswitch architecture

Other

NetworkOther

Network

PSTN/GSM/

WCDMA

BTS

BTS

BTS

BTS

BSC

BSC

MSC Server

(GTSOFTX3000)

MGW

(UMG8900)

BSC

BTS

BTS: base transceiver station BSC: base station controller MGW: media gateway

MSC server: mobile switching

center server

WCDMA: wideband code

division multiple access

GSM-R: GSM for railway

PSTN: public switched telephone network

In the GSM-R network, the mobile switching center (MSC) in the core network can be

divided into the VMSC, TMSC and GMSC based on different network positions. Thus, it can

realize the hierarchy of the network.

The UMG8900 can network with the MSC server to serve as a VMSC/TMSC/GMSC in the

GSM-R network.

Because the UMG8900 is based on the standard softswitch architecture, one UMG8900 can

network with one MSC server. At the same time, multiple UMG8900s can accept the

management and control of one MSC server to build a big local network.

The UMG8900 and MSC server can be placed in one equipment room. They can also be

placed in different equipment rooms and connect with each other through the IP bearer

network. The UMG8900 is placed near the access network to build a big local network. Thus,

it can reduce switching paths of user data and improve service quality effectively.

The centralized network management system iManager M2000 of Huawei can implement the

centralized management and maintenance on all the network elements in the network.


Product Description


1.4 Network Evolution

The evolution process of the GSM network is GSM → general packet radio service system

(GPRS) → UMTS R99 → UMTS R4 → UMTS R5 → UMTS R6, and finally to an all-IP

packet network where the core networks of the mobile and fixed networks are integrated to

achieve integrated service access.

The typical characteristics at each phase are shown in Table 1-1.

Table 1-1 GSM network evolution

Phase Characteristics

GSM The air interfaces adopt the frequency division multiple access (FDMA) and time

division multiple access (TDMA) modes. All the transport networks adopt the

TDM mode and comply with GSM series of specifications. The core network

adopts the hierarchical architecture. The network connections are complex and

the end-to-end delay is very low.

GPRS Two physical entities, namely, gateway GPRS support node (GGSN) and serving

GPRS support node (SGSN), are overlaid on the current GSM network. The air

interfaces in the access network have no change. Packet service processing

interfaces are added to base station controllers (BSCs).

UMTS

R99

The air interfaces adopt the CDMA mode. The transmission between access

networks and between access networks and the core network is based on the

asynchronous transfer mode (ATM). The architecture of the core network has no

change. The UMTS R99 network complies with relevant 3GPP R99 standards.

The core network is divided into the CS and PS domains. The CS domain

provides voice and narrowband data services. The PS domain provides

high-speed packet services. The CS domain is based on the TDM mode, which is

the same as that in the GSM network.

UMTS

R4

The access network is the same as that in the R99. The softswitch architecture is

introduced to the CS domain of the core network. The original MSC breaks up

into two entities, the MSC Server and MGW. The core network supports

TDM/ATM/IP connections. The network evolves toward a flattened architecture

and the networking is more flexible.

The PS domain of the core network is the same as that in the R99.

UMTS

R5

Based on the R4, the IMS domain is introduced. The UMTS R5 network achieves

the integrated access of voice, data and video services and provides IP

multimedia services.

The R4 CS domain is retained to provide voice and narrowband data services.

UMTS

R6

The IMS domain is enhanced to achieve the interworking with current different

networks and the interworking between different IMS domains.


Product Description


At different phases of network evolution, the UMG8900 applications are shown in Figure 1-2.

Figure 1-2 UMG8900 applications during the GSM network evolution

MSOFTX3000

UMG8900

MSOFTX3000

UMG8900

UMG8900 UMG8900

MSOFTX3000 MSOFTX3000

GSM UMTS R99 UMTS R4 UMTS R5/R6

VMSC/TMSC/GMSC VMSC/TMSC/GMSC

MSC Server

MGW

MSC Server/MGCF

MGW/IM-MGW

The UMG8900 is based on the standard separated architecture. It can cooperate with the

softswitch to meet core switching applications at different network phases.

In actual networking, you can add related hardware boards and upgrade software so that the

UMG8900 can support smooth expansion and evolution.


Product Description


2 Key Benefits

About This Chapter

This chapter describes the features of the UMG8900 in terms of product design, system

architecture, and operation and maintenance. Through the chapter, you can learn general

features of the UMG8900.


Title Description

2.1 Hardware Features Describes hardware platforms of the SSM-256 frames and

the SSM-32 frames of the UMG8900

2.2 Service Features Describes services, networking modes, and capacities of

the UMG8900

2.3 Maintenance Features Describes maintenance and operation, security design,

and reliability of the UMG8900


Product Description


2.1 Hardware Features

2.1.1 Packet and TDM Switch Integrated Platform

The UMG8900 hardware platform is designed to support both TDM circuit switching services

and IP packet switching services.

The packet and TDM switch-integrated platform addresses the requirements for the TDM

network and packet network as well. Therefore, the present networks can evolve to all-IP

networks smoothly through software upgrade instead of hardware replacement so as to protect

investment.

2.1.2 Series of Hardware Platforms

The UMG8900 supports two types of frames, the SSM-256 frames and the SSM-32 frames.

Each type of frames can self-cascade with frames of the same type or cascade with frames of

the other type. Different cascading modes enable the optimum configuration of 16 to 7168

E1/T1 channels in the synchronous digital hierarchy (SDH), E1 and T1 transmission modes to

protect investment effectively.

The UMG8900 supports series of hardware platforms, as listed in Table 2-1.

Table 2-1 Series of hardware platforms

Name Function Remarks

SSM-256 It provides 256 K

TDM switching

capacity.

The SSM-256

self-cascading mode

supports up to 1792

E1s/T1s or 112 ×

STM-1.

The SSM-256 and

SSM-32 mixed

cascading mode

supports up to 7168

E1s/T1s.

It supports large-capacity networking applications

and multi-frame cascading. In the case of SSM-256

frames only, the UMG8900 supports up to nine

frames. This mode mainly applies to the networking

where a large number of SDH interfaces are used.

In the case of mixed cascading between SSM-256

and SSM-32 frames, the UMG8900 supports up to 29


where a large number of E1/T1 interfaces are used.

SSM-32 It provides 32 K

TDM switching

capacity.

The SSM-32

self-cascading mode

supports up to 768

E1s/T1s.

It supports medium-capacity networking applications

and multi-frame cascading. In the case of SSM-32

frames only, the UMG8900 supports up to three


where a large number of E1/T1 interfaces are used

but there are no more than 768 E1s/T1s.

In the case of mixed cascading between SSM-32

frames and SSM-256 frames, the UMG8900 supports

up to 29 frames.


Product Description


The SSM-32 frame equipped with the UG02TNC can provide the 96-K TDM switching capability.

The boards and interfaces supported by the UMG8900 are shown in Table 2-2.

Table 2-2 Major boards and interfaces

Logical Boards

Physical Boards

Board Full Names External Interfaces

SSM-256/SSM-32 common boards

CMU MCMB Back connection management

unit

None

MCMF Front connection management

unit

None

PPU MPPB Back Protocol Processing unit FE

MCMB Back connection management

unit

None

MCMF Front connection management

unit

None

SPF MSPF Front signaling processing unit None

CLK MCLK Clock board Clock input/output

interface

E32 ME32 32E1 TDM interface board E1

MESU 32E1 TDM interface unit with

signaling processing

E1

T32 MT32 32T1 TDM interface board T1

MTSU 32T1 TDM interface unit with

signaling processing

T1

PIE MPIE PDH Electrical Interface Unit E3/T3

HRB MRPU RTP Processing Unit None

MHRU High-speed Routing Unit None

MIOE Mobile network IPoverE1 Unit None

MHRD High-speed Routing Unit D

It provides the GE

interface through the

subboard.

VPU MTCD TransCode Unit D None

MVPD Voice Processing Unit D None

ECU MECU

(UG02ECU)

Echo Canceller Unit None


Product Description


Logical Boards

Physical Boards


S2L MS2E

(UG02S2E)

2*155M SDH electrical interface

board

SDH

MS2L

(UG02S2L)

2*155M SDH optical interface

board

SDH

E1G MG1O GE Ethernet interface board GE

E8T ME8T 8*FE Ethernet interface board FE

LPB MLPB Lightning Protected Board E1

SSM-256 dedicated boards

MPU MMPU Main processing unit None

OMU MOMU Operation maintenance unit Console interface

NET MNET Packet switching unit 2*GE, 4*FE, clock

interface

The UG02NET supports

extended FE interfaces.

TNU MTNU TDM switching Net Unit 3*TDM

TCLU TDM Convergence & Link Unit 3*TDM

MTNB TDM switching Net Unit B 4*TDM

S2L MS2E

(UG01S2E)

2*155M SDH electrical interface

board

155M SDH

MS2L

(UG01S2L)

2*155M SDH optical interface

board

VPU MTCB TransCode Unit B None

MVPB Voice Processing Unit B None

ECU MECU

(UG01ECU)

Echo Canceller Unit None

BLU MBLU Back cascading board Cascading interface

It includes three types of

boards: UG01BLU,

UG02BLUa and

UG02BLUc. The

UG01BLU and

UG02BLUa support one

FE, and the UG02BLUc

supports extended FE.

FLU MFLU Front cascading board None


Product Description


Logical Boards

Physical Boards


SSM-32 dedicated boards

TNU MTNC TDM Switch Unit C 3*8K TDM, 4*FE

The TNC falls into

UG01TNC and

UG02TNC. The

UG02TNC supports

4/2/1*8K TDM and 4*FE

interfaces.

OMU MOMB Operation & Maintenance Unit B Console

The OMB falls into

UG01OMB and

UG02OMB. The

UG02OMB is equipped

with the SCMU subboard,

to provide the resource

management function.

MPU MMPB Main Processing unit B None

The MPB falls into

UG01MPB and

UG02MPB. The

UG02MPB is equipped

with the SCMU subboard,

to provide the resource

management function.

NLU MNLU Net Link Unit 2*GE

S1L MS1L 1*155M SDH optical interface

board

155M SDH

MS1E 1*155M SDH electrical interface

board

The configuration of each type of boards of the UMG8900 must comply with the board matching

limitation. Otherwise, services cannot run normally.

2.1.3 Powerful Cascading Functions

The SSM-256 frames and SSM-32 frames of the UMG8900 support the multi-frame

cascading function. The two hardware platforms can cascade independently or with each other,

as described below respectively.


Product Description


SSM-256 Self-Cascading

The SSM-256 and SSM-32 frames of the UMG8900 support multi-frame cascading, either

self-cascading or mixed cascading. The following describes these two kinds of cascading

respectively.

In the SSM-256 self-cascading mode, the UMG8900 supports up to nine frames. The

SSM-256 frame supports two types of cascading boards as follows:

� TNU (MTNU/TCLU), FLU (UG01FLU), and BLU (UG01BLU)

This type of boards supports 3 x 8 K TDM cascading between frames. The MTNUs are

configured in the main control frame in the single-frame networking or in the central

switching frame (≥ 2 frames). The TCLUs are configured in a service frame.

� TNU (MTNB), FLU (UG02FLU), and BLU (UG02BLU.A and UG02BLU.C)

This type of boards supports 4 x 8 K TDM cascading between frames. When the MTNBs

are used, both types of frames adopt the MTNBs.

The SSM-256 frames can adopt three self-cascading modes, as shown in Table 2-3.

Table 2-3 SSM-256 self-cascading modes

Cascading Mode

Major Board Remarks

Mode 1 The MTNB is

used as the

TDM

switching and

cascading

board.

Except the control frame, other frames use the MTNBs to

provide four 8 K TDM cascading channels between

frames.

In this mode, the cascading board uses the BLU/FLU that

provides four 8 K TDM cascading channels.

Mode 2 The MTNU

and TCLU are

used as the

TDM

switching and

cascading

boards.

The central switching frame is configured with the MTNU.

The main control frame and service frames are configured

with the TCLU. The control frame requires no

configuration of cascading board. There are three 8 K

TDM cascading channels between frames.

In this mode, the cascading board uses the BLU/FLU that

provides three 8 K TDM cascading channels.

Mode 3 The MTNU

and MTNB

are used as the

TDM

switching and

cascading

boards.

The central switching frame is configured with the MTNU.

The central switching frame can be configured with the

BLU/FLU that provides four 8 K TDM cascading channels

to cascade with a service frame that is configured with the

MTNB.

The central switching frame can be configured with the

BLU/FLU that provides three 8 K TDM cascading

channels to cascade with a service that is configured with

the TCLU.


Product Description


Among the above three modes, modes 1 and 2 mainly apply to new offices and mode 3 mainly applies to

the expansion where the MTNB is added based on the original configuration of the MTNU. The three

cascading modes are the same except the cascading boards and the capacities of TDM cascading

channels between frames.

Take the TNU (MTNB) and the BLU/FLU that provides 4 x 8 K TDM cascading channels as

an example. The nine-frame cascading is shown in Figure 2-1.

Figure 2-1 SSM-256 multi-frame cascading

2# 3# 4# 6# 7#

0#

1#

8#

4*8 K TDM 1*FE

NE

T

T

N

U

T

N

U

N

ET

N

ET

T

NU

T

NU

B

LU

B

LU

B

LU

B

LU

B

LU

B

LU

B

LU

B

LU

B

LU

B

LU

B

LU

B

LU

N

ET

N

ET

5#

2*GE

NE

T

0#: central switching frame 1#: main control frame

2# to 7#: service frames 8#: control frame


Product Description


The UMG8900 supports another mode of SSM-256 self cascading, as shown in Figure 2-2.

Figure 2-2 SSM-256 self-cascading (mode 2)

2# 3# 4# 6# 7#

1#

0#

8#

4*8 K TDM 1*FE

N

E

T

N

E

T

TN

U

TN

U

N

ET

NE

T

T

NU

T

NU

B

LU

B

LU

B

LU

B

LU

B

LU

B

LU

B

LU

B

LU

B

LU

B

LU

B

LU

B

LU

N

E

T

N

E

T

5#

2*GE

0#: central switching frame 1#: main control frame

2# to 7#: service frames 8#: control frame

Mode 2 differs from mode 1 in the main control frame. In mode 1, the main control frame

provides the service and device management functions. In mode 2, the main control frame

provides the device management and cascading functions. That is, in mode 2, cascading

boards are inserted in the main control frame to connect with service frames.

The CLK in the main control frame can be configured in the central switching frame

numbered 0. In this case, the central switching frame does not provide the cascading function

and can hold service boards to process services.

In the SSM-256 self-cascading mode, the independent CLK must be configured. Through

clock distribution cables, the CLK provides clock signals for the SSM-256 frame where no

CLK is configured.

SSM-32 Self-Cascading

When SSM-32 frames self-cascade independently, the UMG8900 supports up to three frame.


Product Description


Suppose the UG02TNC is configured in the SSM-32 frame, the cascading is shown in Figure

2-3.

Figure 2-3 SSM-32 multi-frame cascading

TNC TNC

TNC TNC

TNC TNC

1#

2*8KTDM 1*FE

2#

3#

1*GE

N

L

U

N

L

U

N

L

U

N

L

U

N

L

U

N

L

U

N

L

U

N

L

U

1#: main control frame 2# and 3#: service frames

The cascading mode between frames is 2 x TDM + 1 x FE + 1 x GE. If the UG01TNC is

configured in the frame, the cascading mode between frames is 1 x TDM + 1 x FE + 1 x GE.

The NLU must be configured to implement GE cascading. The NLU can be configured in

back slot 4/5 or 10/11 only.

SSM-256 and SSM-32 Mixed Cascading

In the case of the SSM-256 and SSM-32 mixed cascading, the central switching frame uses an

SSM-256 frame, and the main control frame and service frames can use SSM-32 or SSM-256

frames. If no GE cascading is required, the system supports the cascading mode of 1

SSM-256 frame + 28 SSM-32 frames or the cascading mode of 1 SSM-256 frame + n ×

SSM-256 frames + (7 – n) × 4 × SSM-32 frames. Here, n ≤ 7.

In the SSM-256 and SSM-32 mixed cascading mode, the cascading between SSM-256 frames

is the same as the SSM-256 self-cascading. Following is the SSM-256 and SSM-32 mixed

cascading when an SSM-256 frame acts as the central switching frame.

If the UG02TNC is configured in the SSM-32 frame, the SSM-256 frame can cascade the

SSM-32 frame in two modes. In one mode, the SSM-256 frame cascade the SSM-32 frame

through the NET and the TNB, as shown in Figure 2-4.


Product Description


Figure 2-4 SSM-256 and SSM-32 mixed cascading (mode 1)

TNC TNC

0#

2*8KTDM 1*FE

2#

1#

1*GE

T

N

U

T

N

U

N

E

T

N

E

T

TNC TNC N

L

U

N

L

U

N

L

U

N

L

U

0#: central switching frame 1#: main control frame 2#: service frame

In mode 1, an SSM-256 frame serves as the central switching frame. In the SSM-256 frame,

the physical board of the TNU is the MTNB. In the SSM-32 frame, the physical board of the

TNU is the MTNC.

The cascading mode between the SSM-32 frame and the SSM-256 central switching frame is

2 x TDM + 1 x FE + 1 x GE. The TNB provides the TDM cascading channel. The TNC and

the NET provide the FE cascading channel. The NLU and the NET provide the GE cascading

channel. If the UG01TNC is configured in the SSM-32 frame, the cascading mode between

frames is 1 x TDM + 1 x FE + 1 x GE.


Product Description


The SSM-256 frame can also cascade the SSM-32 frame through the BLU, as shown in

Figure 2-5.

Figure 2-5 SSM-256 and SSM-32 mixed cascading (mode 2)

0#

2*8KTDM 1*FE

2#

1*GE

T

N

U

T

N

U

N

E

T

N

E

T

TNC TNC

1#

TNC TNC

B

L

U

B

L

U

N

L

U

N

L

U

N

L

U

N

L

U

0#: central switching frame 1#: main control frame 2#: service frame

The physical board of the FLU/BLU is the BLU supporting 4 x 8 K TDM cascading. The

cascading mode between the SSM-32 frame and the SSM-256 central switching frame is 2 x

TDM + 1 x FE + 1 x GE. The BLU in the SSM-256 frame provides the TDM/GE/FE

cascading channel. The TNC in the SSM-32 frame provides the TDM/FE cascading channel.

The NLU in the SSM-32 frame provides the GE cascading channel. If the UG01TNC is

configured in the SSM-32 frame, the cascading mode between frames is 1 x TDM + 1 x FE +

1 x GE.

In the actual networking application, the SSM-256 and SSM-32 mixed cascading mode can

work with the preceding two cascading modes. That is, the central switching frame cascade

with the main control frame through the NET, and cascade with the SSM-32 service frame

through the BLU.

If no GE cascading is required, an SSM-256 frame can cascade 28 SSM-32 frames. In the

case of E1-only networking, the 2 x TDM + 1 x FE + 1 x GE cascading mode is usually

adopted, and an SSM-256 frame can cascade 14 SSM-32 frames. In the case of STM-1-only

networking, the 4 x TDM + 1 x FE + 2 x GE cascading mode is usually adopted, and an

SSM-256 frame can cascade 7 SSM-32 frames.


Product Description


2.1.4 Diversified Interfaces

Interface Types

The interface types supported by the UMG8900 are shown in Table 2-4.

Table 2-4 Interface types

Interface Type Number Description

E1/T1 Up to

7168

The interfaces are used to connect with the BSC, PSTN,

MSC and the peer UMG8900s. The E1 and T1 interfaces

use the same boards except that the interface configuration

is different. The E1 and T1 interfaces are electric interfaces

and share the hardware.

E3/T3 Up to

336


MSC and the peer UMG8900s. The E3 and T3 interfaces

use the same boards except that the interface configuration

is different. The E3 and T3 interfaces are electric interfaces

and share the hardware.

E1/T1 ATM

(IMA)

Up to

896

The interfaces are used to connect with the RNC.

STM-1 ATM Up to

112

The interfaces are used to connect with the RNC.

STM-1 ATM interfaces include multi-mode interfaces and

three types of single-mode optical interfaces. The

transmission distance is 2 km (multi-mode), 15 km

(single-mode), 40 km (single-mode) and 80 km

(single-mode) respectively.

STM-1

SDH/OC-3

SONET

Up to

112


MSC and the peer UMG8900s.

SDH interfaces include electric interfaces, multi-mode

interfaces and three types of single-mode optical interfaces.

The transmission distance is 2 km (multi-mode), 15 km

(single-mode), 40 km (single-mode) and 80 km

(single-mode) respectively.

FE (bearer) Up to

112

The interfaces are used to connect with the peer

UMG8900s.

They are used to bear IP voice services.

FE (control) Up to 14 The interfaces are used to connect with MSC servers.

They are used to exchange H.248 messages.

FE (SIGTRAN) Up to 14 The interfaces are used to connect with MSC servers.

They are used for the signaling adaptation based on

SIGTRAN. They work in the 1+1 backup mode.

FE (OMC) 2 The interfaces are used to connect with the LMT and the

network management device. They work in the 1+1 backup

mode.


Product Description


Interface Type Number Description

GE (bearer) Up to 14 The interfaces are used to connect with the peer

UMG8900s.

GE interfaces include multi-mode interfaces and three

types of single-mode optical interfaces. The transmission

distance is 0.55 km (multi-mode), 10 km (single-mode), 40

km (single-mode) and 70 km (single-mode) respectively.

8 kHz clock

interfaces

4 The interfaces are used to extract line clock signals from

TDM interface boards. They work in the master/slave

mode.

BITS clock

interfaces

2 The interfaces include the 2048 kHz interface and 2.048

Mbit/s interface. They are used to extract clock signals

from a BITS. They work in the master/slave mode.

GPS/GLONASS

clock interfaces

2 The interfaces are used to receive synchronous clock

signals from a satellite synchronous system. They work in

the master/slave mode.

The UMG8900 supports small form factor pluggable (SFP) optical modules for the STM-1

SDH/SONET interface. These interfaces can be configured with different optical modules in

different applications.

Interface Specifications

The interfaces provided by the UMG8900 comply with relevant specifications.

The specifications of the E1 interface are shown in Table 2-5.

Table 2-5 E1 interface specifications

Item Specifications

Transmission rate 2.048 Mbit/s

Frame format ITU-T G.703

Transport code AMI, HDB3

Channel amount 32

Nominal impedance 75 ohm or 120 ohm, set through the DIP switches

Transmission distance ≥ 300 m

Connector type DB100 connector

The specifications of the T1 interface are shown in Table 2-6.


Product Description


Table 2-6 T1 interface specifications

Item Specifications


Frame format ITU-T G.703

Line code type B8ZS, AMI

Channel amount 24

Nominal impedance 100 ohm twisted pair cable, set through the DIP switches


Connector type DB100 connector

The specifications of the E3 interface are shown in Table 2-7.

Table 2-7 E3 interface specifications

Item Specifications


Frame format ITU-T G.703, G.747

Transport code HDB3

Channel amount 512 timeslots

Nominal impedance 75 ohm


Connector type BNC connector

The specifications of the T3 interface are shown in Table 2-8.

Table 2-8 T3 interface specifications

Item Specifications


Frame format ITU-T G.752, G.747

Line code type B3ZS

Channel amount 672 timeslots



Connector type BNC connector


Product Description


The specifications of the STM-1 ATM interface are shown in Table 2-9.

Table 2-9 STM-1 ATM interface specifications

Item Specifications

Standards G.957, G.691, G.693

Transmission rate 155 Mbit/s

Channel amount 63 × E1, 84 × T1

Transmission distance 2 km (multi-mode), 15 km (single-mode), 40 km

(single-mode) and 80 km (single-mode)

Transmitter type Multi-mode: light emitting diode (LED)

Single-mode: laser diode (LD)

Central wavelength 2 km (1310 nm)

15 km (1310 nm)

40 km (1310 nm)

80 km (1550 nm)

Transmit optical power 2 km (–14.0 dBm to –19.0 dBm)

15 km (–15.0 dBm to –8.0 dBm)

40 km (0 dBm to –5.0 dBm)


Receiver sensitivity 2 km (–30.0 dBm)

15 km (–28.0 dBm)

40 km (–34.0 dBm)

80 km (–34.0 dBm)

Connector type LC optical fiber connector

The specifications of the STM-1 SDH interface are shown in Table 2-10.

Table 2-10 STM-1 SDH interface specifications

Item Specifications

Standards Electric interfaces: G.703

Optical interfaces: G.957


Channel amount 63 × E1, 84 × T1

Transmission distance 70 m (electric interfaces), 2 km (multi-mode), 15 km

(single-mode), 40 km (single-mode) and 80 km (single-mode)

Transmitter type Multi-mode: light emitting diode (LED)

Single-mode: laser diode (LD)


Product Description


Item Specifications


15 km (1310 nm)

40 km (1310 nm)

80 km (1550 nm)


15 km (–15.0 dBm to –8.0 dBm)




15 km (–28.0 dBm)

40 km (–34.0 dBm)

80 km (–34.0 dBm)

Connector type Optical interfaces: LC optical fiber connector

Electric interfaces: SMB coaxial cable connector

The specifications of the STM-1/OC-3 SDH interface are shown in Table 2-11.

Table 2-11 STM-1/OC-3 SDH interface specifications

Item Specifications

Standards Conforming to STM-1/OC-3 SDH/SONET standards and

supporting IETF RFC1619, RFC1661, RFC1662 and

RFC2615


Transmission distance 2 km (multi-mode), 15 km (single-mode), 40 km


Transmitter type Multi-mode: LED

Single-mode: LD


15 km (1310 nm)

40 km (1310 nm)

80 km (1550 nm)


15 km (–15.0 to –8.0 dBm)




Product Description


Item Specifications


15 km (–28.0 dBm)

40 km (–34.0 dBm)

80 km (–34.0 dBm)

Connector type LC optical fiber connector (SFP)

The specifications of the FE electric interface are shown in Table 2-12.

Table 2-12 FE electric interface specifications

Item Specifications

Standards IEEE 802.3u

Transmission rate 10/100 Mbit/s auto-sensing

Transmission distance 100 m

Frame format 10BASE-T/100BASE-TX

Connector type RJ-45


The specifications of the GE optical interface are shown in Table 2-13.

Table 2-13 GE optical interface specifications

Item Specifications

Standards IEEE 802.3 z


Transmission distance 0.55 km (multi-mode), 10 km (single-mode), 40 km


Transmitter type Multi-mode: LED

Single-mode: LD

Transmit optical power 850 nm (–9.5 dBm to 0 dBm)

1310 nm (–9.5 dBm to –3 dBm)

1550 nm (–4.0 dBm to +1 dBm)

1310 nm (+5.0 dBm to –2.0 dBm)

1550 nm (–4.0 dBm to +2.0 dBm)


Product Description


Item Specifications

Receiver sensitivity 850 nm (–17 dBm)

1310 nm (–20 dBm)

1550 nm (–21 dBm)

1310 nm (–23.0 dBm)

1550 nm (+2 dBm)

Central wavelength 0.55 km (850 nm)

10 km (1310 nm)

40 km (1550 nm)

40 km (1310 nm)

70 km (1550 nm)

Frame format Ethernet_II

Ethernet_SAP

Ethernet_SNAP

Connector type LC optical fiber connector (SFP)

The specifications of clock interface are shown in Table 2-14.

Table 2-14 Clock interface specifications

Item 2.048 MHz 2.048 Mbit/s

Connector type SMB SMB

Signal type G.703.13 G.703.9

Detecting threshold ≤ –24 dB ≤ –24 dB

Impedance match 75 ohm 75 ohm

Balance mode Unbalanced Unbalanced

Electric isolation 300 V/50 Hz, > 1 minute 300 V/50 Hz, > 1 minute

2.1.5 High Clock Precision

The UMG8900 uses the independent CLK boards or clock subboards to provide clock signals

required by the system. The CLK boards work in the master/slave mode to ensure the reliable

running of the clock system. The clock subboards are configured on the master and slave

TNU boards, whose physical boards are the MTNC. The clock subboards work in the

master/slave mode too.

The UMG8900 can access 8-kHz line clock, 2048-kHz, 1554-kbit/s or 2048-kbit/s building

integrated timing supply system (BITS) clock, 64-kHz external clock and global positioning

system (GPS)/global navigation satellite system (GLONASS) clock. The UMG8900 allows

you to set the priorities of clocks. Thus, the UMG8900 can select the clock of the highest

priority through the synchronization status message (SSM) of clock.


Product Description


The UMG8900 supports stratum-2 A and stratum-3 clocks. When the clock subboards are

used, the UMG8900 supports stratum-3 clock only. Thus, the UMG8900 can meet clock

requirements in different networking applications.

2.2 Service Features

2.2.1 Powerful Service Processing Ability

The UMG8900 acts as a bearer device for voice and narrowband data services in the mobile

core network. It transmits service streams and converts formats of service streams within the

mobile network and between the mobile and fixed networks. For two networks that fully

adopt the IP transmission technology, service interworking between the IP networks can be

realized by means of domains.

The UMG8900 provides the service bearer processing function and service stream format

conversion function. By networking with the MSC server, the UMG8900 provides basic,

supplementary and intelligent network (IN) services.

The UMG8900 supports the following service functions:

� G.711A/G.711µ/G.723.1/G.726/G.729/adaptive multirate (AMR)/AMR2/WB-AMR voice

codecs, full rate (FR)/half rate (HR)/enhanced full rate (EFR) voice codecs in the GSM

network, and G.711A/G.711µ/G.723.1/G.726/G.729/WB-AMR voice codecs based on IP

transmission

� Voice quality assurance technologies such as acoustic and electric echo cancellation (EC),

voice activity detection (VAD), background noise suppression, comfort noise generation

(CNG), automatic gain control (AGC), and packet loss concealment (PLC)

� Detection and generation of dual tone multi-frequency (DTMF) signals

� Various quality of service (QoS) assurance methods such as the setting of voice and data

service priorities, dynamic jitter buffer (JB), IP type of service (ToS), differentiated

service code point (DSCP), 802.1P/Q and virtual local area network (VLAN) priority

� Announcement playing, digit collecting and sending, dynamic loading of tone files,

intelligent announcement playing in different countries and areas with different tone files

loaded, and working with the NMS for centralized management of tone files

� Inter-working function (IWF) through an attached shared IWF (SIWF), including fax,

synchronous data bearer, asynchronous data bearer

� Embedded signaling gateway (SG) function, through which the UMG8900 can adapt and

forward the signaling of the access network or PSTN to the signaling of the packet core

network based on Message Transfer Part layer 2 (MTP2) User Adaptation

(M2UA)/Message Transfer Part layer 3 (MTP3) User Adaptation (M3UA)/Integrated

Services Digital Network (ISDN) Q.921-User Adaptation layer (IUA) to reduce the

complexity of networking

� Adaptation and termination of R2 channel associated signaling (CAS)

� Dual-homing function, which enables the UMG8900 to switch to the slave MSC server

automatically without interrupting services when the master MSC server fails

� Digital trunk services and flexible digital trunk networking by networking with the

GTSOFTX3000 and the GSM-R

� IP-based A interface

Both the BSS and NSS adopt the IP packet transmission technology to construct an all-IP

network. Thus, the BSS and NSS may share the IP bearer network.


Product Description


� SCTP multi-homing

Multiple IP addresses in one SCTP association are supported by both ends. Thus, the

end-to-end multi-path transmission mechanism is realized, which is more reliable for the

upper layer subscribers.

� Upgrade without service interruption

The upgrade of the UMG8900 does not affect the services.

� File transmission from the version server to the BAM of the UMG8900 through Trivial

File Transfer Protocol (TFTP)

� Time localization function

You can set the time based on the time zone where the UMG8900 is located, and set the

daylight saving time.

� Open Mc interface, and interconnection with the MSC server of the other suppliers

� MultiProtocol Label Switching (MPLS)

The fast packet forwarding capability can be improved, and the QoS is guaranteed.

� IP over E1 function

The UMG8900 can adapt the IP data packets into the TDM packets, implement

transparent transmission based on the route, and support the Compressed Real-Time

Protocol (CRTP) function when the type of the IP bearer interface is serial or VT. That is,

the RTP packet is compressed, the bandwidth occupied by the RTP packet is reduced,

and the transmission efficiency is improved.

� Working with the MSC server to support the H.248.11 overload control protocol and the

H.248.10 congestion control protocol, and supporting the self overload protection

function, to completely and stably support the H.248 protocol

� SSH server function to ensure data completeness and reliability and safely implement

remote user login and access

� Flexible configuration of common codecs

In the actual networking application, the MGW is required to recognize and transparently

transmit certain special codecs only without converting them. The UMG8900 can

flexibly configure such common codecs to implement dynamic support.

� IP interworking inside the MGW

For interworking between IP terminations inside the MGW, the IP interfaces are looped

through lines. No router or layer 3 switch is required to transmit packets; thus, the cost is

reduced.

2.2.2 Networking Flexibility

The UMG8900, developed based on the softswitch architecture, is not only compatible with

TDM switching networks but also able to push TDM networks to evolve to IP packet

switching networks.

The UMG8900 interacts with the MSC server through the H.248 protocol. They together

serve as a VMSC/TMSC/GMSC of the GSM-R core network.

The UMG8900 and MSC server can be installed in different places and connect with each

other in the IP packet mode.

Multiple UMG8900s can be managed by one MSC server. Different UMG8900s

communicate with each other by TDM/IP. The MSC server is placed in a central city for the

sake of easy maintenance. The UMG8900 is placed in an area of dense traffic. Thus, the

UMG8900 can access the base station subsystem (BSS) nearby to reduce roundabout traffic


Product Description


and improve the QoS. At the same time, the flat network architecture and connection mode

support flexible networking. The UMG8900 can form a big local network or build a virtual

dedicated network through user division based on areas on the MSC server.

In addition, the UMG8900 can provide the agent A-Flex function to implement MSC Pool

networking. The devices in the access network can interconnect with each MSC Server in

MSC Pool without being upgraded. The MSC Servers in Pool can share resources and load. If

an MSC Server fails, another MSC Server in Pool can take over subscribers of the faulty MSC

Server. Thus, network disaster recovery is implemented.

2.2.3 Large Capacity and High Density

A UMG8900 frame adopts the standard 19-inch structure and offers front and back slots in

pair. One frame provides 32 slots to increase the capacity of a single frame effectively.

The UMG8900 provides the multi-frame cascading function and supports up to 29 frames.

You can flexibly configure the UMG8900 based on the actual networking and user capacity.

2.2.4 Smooth Expansion

The UMG8900 is designed based on the distributed modular architecture. Different boards

and software modules perform different service functions.

To expand and upgrade the UMG8900, you can add related service boards to existing frames.

If the capacity exceeds the limit of existing frames, you can add frames in the cascading mode

to achieve the upgrade. Because the UMG8900 supports a wide range of capacity, it can meet

the requirements of expansion in most applications. The cascading mode enables the

UMG8900 to take the form of one network element, which is convenient for maintenance and

management.

To upgrade services of the UMG8900, you can upgrade the software and add new service

boards required. Thus, the UMG8900 can implement smooth evolution and support current

transmission networks.

2.3 Maintenance Features

2.3.1 Easy Installation and Maintenance

The UMG8900 supports easy installation and flexible maintenance.

The details are shown in Table 2-15.


Product Description


Table 2-15 Easy installation and maintenance

Type Description

Installation The UMG8900 uses the standard 19-inch cabinet, which is convenient for

initial deployment and expansion.

Each functional module provides standard external interfaces with clear

labels. As standardized joints are used, there is no requirement for special

tools in equipment mounting.

Boards are inserted in front and back slots on the backplane of a frame.

All cables lead out from the rear of a cabinet for the convenience of

equipment installation and cable distribution.

All boards support hot plugging. There are indicators on the front panel of

a board to show the running status of the board and interfaces.

Maintenance The UMG8900 provides various management methods such as the MML

and GUI combined interface and the integrated network management

system iManager. Thus, the UMG8900 enables the local and remote

maintenance functions. The graphic interface offers powerful online help

and easy operation.

The UMG8900 supports online report of hardware and software versions,

online software loading and patch installation. This feature enables

software upgrade and maintenance without affecting the system running.

The UMG8900 supports version consistency check, version authentication

of front administration module (FAM) and back administration module

(BAM) and version roll back.

The UMG8900 provides logs, alarms, traffic statistics and fault diagnosis

functions to facilitate fault prevention, location and troubleshooting.

The UMG8900 provides a series of tools such as Info Collection Tool,

Health Check Tool and Log Analyzer, and supports analysis and

maintenance of operating conditions of the device in both the online and

offline modes.

The UMG8900 supports the call history record (CHR) function. Critical

information in calls are recorded and processed to CHRs. The CHRs are

saved on the server for value-added applications such as real-time monitor

and troubleshooting.

The alarm box can display visual alarm information and notify

maintenance personnel of alarms by phone.

Fans in a frame support the automatic speed adjustment function. The fans

can adjust their speed automatically according to the current temperature

of the device to increase the life span and reduce the power consumption

of the device.

2.3.2 Perfect Security Design

The security management of the UMG8900 includes two aspects: control data, and operation

and maintenance.

� Control data security


Product Description


The UMG8900 supports backup of important data at the system level. For example, you

can back up configuration data, running data, statistic information, operation information,

management information and running log to the hard disk or compact disk.

� Operation and maintenance security

The system defines user groups and rights. Different user groups can customize different

command sets. Through the configuration of command groups and users, the system can

effectively implement hierarchical management of operators and operation rights.

During the operation, the system checks data consistency and gives prompt and

confirmation about operations. This avoids possible damage to the system due to

improper operations.

Network and device management can protect your password and make unauthorized

access invalid. Service data can be accessed only in certain condition. The system

ensures that only authorized users can obtain correct data.

Through the access control list (ACL), you can configure the firewall flexibly to filter

messages of ports that do not provide service. Thus, the system can prevent attackers

from finding system holes through the port scanning technique.

The UMG8900 supports the IP Security (IPSec) protocol. The UMG8900 ensures the

security of services by encryption of transmission data.

2.3.3 Carrier-Class Reliability

The UMG8900 ensures system reliability through the following mechanisms and designs:

� All main control boards support the 1+1 backup function.

� The interfaces support the 1+1 and N:1 backup functions, the automatic protection

switch (APS) interface protection, optical signals through and off protection and so on.

� The service resource boards work in the resource pool mode to share all the resources.

� The multi-frame cascading mode supports master and slave cascading channels to avoid

any single-point fault.

� The UMG8900 supports the dual-homing function. When the master MSC server fails,

the UMG8900 switches to the slave MSC server to ensure the normal running of services.


Product Description


3 System Architecture

About This Chapter

This chapter describes the system architecture of the UMG8900. In detail, it profiles the

logical interfaces, hardware and software components of the UMG8900. It also introduces

each functional module of the UMG8900.


Title Description

3.1 Physical Architecture Describes the physical architecture of the UMG8900

3.2 Hardware Architecture Describes the hardware architecture of the UMG8900

3.3 Logical Architecture Describes the logical architecture of the UMG8900

3.4 Software Architecture Describes the software architecture of the UMG8900


Product Description


3.1 Physical Architecture

3.1.1 Cabinet Appearance

The UMG8900 is placed in N68-22 or N68E-22 cabinets provided by Huawei.

Figure 3-1 shows the front view of an N68-22 cabinet.

Figure 3-1 Front view of an N68-22 cabinet


Product Description


Figure 3-2 shows the front view of an N68E-22 cabinet.

Figure 3-2 Front view of an N68E-22 cabinet

The N68E-22 cabinet is the enhanced model of the N68-22 cabinet. Its specifications such as

dimensions are the same as those of the N68-22 cabinet. The difference is that the N68E-22

cabinet is equipped with only one door and the installation is easier.

An N68-22/N68E-22 cabinet has a 46 U inside space (1 U = 44.45 mm = 1.75 inches). It

comprises a power distribution frame, three semi-integrated frames, a cabling trough, multiple

filler panels, a rack, multiple guide rails and one or more side hang fiber coilers. It is supplied

with –48 V/–60 V DC power. It conforms to IEC297 standards and meets the requirement for

flexible module configuration.

The N68-22/N68E-22 cabinet can adopt the front and back maintenance modes, and support

upward and downward cabling modes. The N68-22/N68E-22 cabinet can be placed and

connected with cables based on the actual conditions of the equipment room.


Product Description


In addition, the N68-22/N68E-22 cabinet adopts the standard 19-inch structure. Other frames

based on the standard 19-inch structure can be placed in free space of the cabinet to improve

the utilization of the equipment room.

3.1.2 Frame Appearance

The UMG8900 supports the SSM-256 and SSM-32 frames. Both types of frames adopt the

standard 19-inch structure and are completely the same in appearance.

The front view of a UMG8900 SSM-256 frame is show in Figure 3-3.

Figure 3-3 Front view of an SSM-256 frame

An SSM-256 frame has 32 front and back slots in total. In the main control frame, the

MOMU/MNET boards are configured by default. In a service frame, the MMPU/MNET

boards are configured by default.

The front view of a UMG8900 SSM-32 frame is shown in Figure 3-4.

Figure 3-4 Front view of an SSM-32 frame


Product Description


An SSM-32 frame has 28 front and back slots in total. In the main control frame, the

MOMB/MTNC boards are configured by default. In a service frame, the MTNC boards are

configured by default.

A fan box is integrated at the bottom of a cabinet. On the back of a cabinet, there are power

input and monitoring interfaces as well as the dual in-line package (DIP) switches that are

used to set frame No.

The UMG8900 frame is a semi-integrated frame with a fan box. The frame provides front and

back slots in pair to hold boards. The frame is 12U in height and the middle 9U is for boards.

A front board is 9U in height while a back board is 8U. Thus, 1U at the back of the frame is

for the filtering box.

Because a front slot differs from a back slot in height, front and back boards cannot be

inserted crossly.

3.2 Hardware Architecture

3.2.1 Hardware Fundamentals

The UMG8900 can be applied in the core networks of GSM-R. It can cooperate with the MSC

server to serve as a VMSC, TMSC or GMSC.

The UMG8900 supports the SSM-256 frames and the SSM-32 frames. The two types of

frames support multiple cascading modes, including the SSM-256 self-cascading, SSM-32

self-cascading, and SSM-256 and SSM-32 mixed cascading.

When the UMG8900 serves as a local exchange, it can connect with an external SIWF frame

to provide the IWF.


Product Description


When only SSM-256 frames are used, the hardware components are shown in Figure 3-5.

Figure 3-5 Hardware components (SSM-256 frames)

LMT

M ain contro l

frame

Centra l

switch ing fram e

Service

fram e

Service

frame

Contro l frame

SIWF

2# to 7#

1#

0#

8#

In the case of only SSM-256 frames, the UMG8900 supports nine-frame cascading at most.

When the UMG8900 works as a VMSC, it must attach an SIWF frame to provide the IWF.

The UMG8900 and the SIWF connect with each other by FE and E1/T1, and communicate

through the internal protocol.

The UMG8900 frames can be logically classified into the main control frame, central

switching frame, service frame and control frame. The main control frame is the control and

management center of the equipment and also provides the service processing function. The

central switching frame provides switching and cascading functions. The service frame

provides the service processing function. The control frame only processes call control

messages instead of bearer services.

In the case of only SSM-256 frames, there are TDM, FE and GE cascading channels between

frames. The UMG8900 supports 4 × 8 K or 3 × 8 K TDM cascading, 2 × GE cascading and 1

× FE cascading. The cascading channels work in the master/slave mode. In addition, there are

clock distribution cables from the clock (CLK) boards to service frames, the central switching

frame and control frame to provide clock signals.


Product Description


When only SSM-32 frames are used, the hardware components are shown in Figure 3-6.

Figure 3-6 Hardware components (SSM-32 frames)

LMT

Main control frame

Service frame

SIWF

2# 3#

1#

Service frame

In the case of only SSM-32 frames, the UMG8900 supports three-frame cascading at most.

When the UMG8900 works as a VMSC, it must attach an SIWF frame to provide the IWF.

The UMG8900 frames can be logically classified into the main control frame and service

frame. The main control frame is always numbered 1. The main control frame can serve as the

central switching frame at the same time or the central switching frame can be configured

independently.

In the case of only SSM-32 frames, there are TDM and FE cascading channels between

frames to provide 1 × 8 K TDM and 1 × FE cascading capacities. The MTNC boards in the

main control frame or the central switching frame connect with the MTNC boards in other

frames. There is no requirement for independent cascading boards.

The SSM-32 frames support GE cascading as well. In this case, you must configure

independent NLU cascading boards.

Clock subboards can be attached to the MTNC boards in the main control frame to provide

stratum-3 clock signals or independent CLK boards can be configured to provide stratum-2 or

stratum-3 clock signals. Other frames extract clock signals through the TDM cascading

channels between frames. There is no requirement for independent clock distribution cables.


Product Description


When both SSM-32 frames and SSM-256 frames are used, the hardware components are

shown in Figure 3-7.

Figure 3-7 Hardware components (SSM-256 and SSM-32 mixed application)

LMT

Main control frame

(SSM-32)

Central switching frame

(SSM-256)

Service frame (SSM-32)

Service frame

(SSM-32)

SIWF

2 to 28

1

0

In the case of SSM-256 and SSM-32 mixed application, the UMG8900 supports 29-frame

cascading at most. When the UMG8900 works as a VMSC, it must attach an SIWF frame to

provide the IWF.

The UMG8900 frames can be logically classified into the main control frame, service frame

and central switching frame. The main control frame is fixed to use frame No.1. The central

switching frame is fixed to use frame No.0. Service frames use frame Nos.2 to 28. The central

switching frame uses an SSM-256 frame. Service frames can use either SSM-32 frames or

SSM-256 frames.

In the case of SSM-256 and SSM-32 mixed application, there are TDM and FE cascading

channels between frames. The UMG8900 provides 1 × 8 K TDM /2 x 8K TDM/4 x 8K TDM

and 1 × FE cascading capacities between the SSM-256 central switching frame and SSM-32

frames.

In the SSM-256 and SSM-32 mixed cascading mode, the UMG8900 also supports GE

cascading between frames. In this case, you must configure independent NLU cascading

boards in the SSM-32 frames and the UMG8900 supports up to eight-frame cascading.


Product Description


In this mode, if clock subboards on the MTNC in the SSM-32 main control frame are used to

provide stratum-3 clock signals, other frames extract clock signals through the TDM

cascading channels between frames. There is no requirement for independent clock

distribution cables. If independent CLK boards are used, clock distribution cables are required

to provide clock signals for the central switching frame and other SSM-256 service frames.

The LMT client software installed on a PC is used for the operation and maintenance, data

configuration and equipment management of the UMG8900. The LMT client connects with

the OMC interface in the main control frame.

3.2.2 Cabinet Architecture

The UMG8900 supports two types of cabinet configuration. One type is the UMG8900

assembly cabinet, where up to three frames of the UMG8900 can be configured. The other

type is the UMG8900 extended assembly cabinet, which is used when the SIWF is

configured.

If the capacity requires more than two frames and an SIWF frame is configured, the two types

of cabinets are required at the same time. The two types of cabinets are the same in structure

and both use the N68-22/N68E-22 cabinets. The difference lies in the internal components

configured in the cabinets.


Product Description


The structure of the UMG8900 assembly cabinet is shown in Figure 3-8.

Figure 3-8 Structure of the UMG8900 assembly cabinet

6

1 2

7

8

7

7

8

8 8

8 8

5

5

3

5

4

4

4

(1) Front view (2) Rear view (3) Power distribution frame (4) MGW frames

(5) Filler panels (6) Wiring bar (7) Rear cabling troughs (8) Side hang fiber coilers


Product Description


The structure of the UMG8900 extended assembly cabinet is shown in Figure 3-9.

Figure 3-9 Structure of the UMG8900 extended assembly cabinet

1

3

2

12

11

13

4

5

4

4

8

6

7

9

8

10

(1) Front view (2) Rear view (3) Power distribution frame (4) Filler panels

(5) MGW frame (6) Filler panel (7) LAN Switch (8) LAN Switch cabling troughs

(9) SIWF frame (10) Filler panel (11) Rear cabling trough (12) Wiring bar

(13) Side hang fiber coiler

The cabinet is 2200 mm high, 600 mm wide and 800 mm deep. The available space within the

cabinet is 46 U (1 U = 44.45 mm = 1.75 inches).

A single cabinet is composed of a power distribution frame, service frames, cabling troughs,

filler panels, a cabling rack, slide rails and side hang fiber coilers. The cabinet adopts –48

V/–60 V DC power supply. The cabinet conforms to IEC297 standards and supports flexible

configuration of modules in it.


Product Description


A cabinet has a front door and a back door, which enable the device maintenance from both

the front and back of the cabinet.

The UMG8900 supports multi-frame cascading to cover applications from 16 E1s/T1s to

7168 E1s/T1s smoothly. In the large-capacity networking, more than one cabinet is required.

3.2.3 Frame Architecture

An SSM-256 frame and an SSM-32 frame are the same in structure except the backplane and

configured boards. An SSM-256 frame supports 256 K TDM switching while an SSM-32

frame supports 32 K TDM switching.

Both an SSM-256 frame and an SSM-32 frame adopt the semi-integrated structure. A frame is

integrated with a fan box and provides front and back slots in pairs to hold boards.

The board deployment in an SSM-256 frame is shown in Figure 3-10.

Figure 3-10 Board deployment in an SSM-256 frame

Common

Common

Common

Common

Common

Common

OMU/MPU

OMU/MPU

Common

Common

Common

Common

Common

Common

Common

Common

Common

Common

Common

Common

TNU

NET

NET

TNU

Common

Common

Common

Common

Common

Common

Back

Front

8U

9U

0

0

0

1

0

2

0

3

0

4

0

5

0

6

0

7

0

8

0

9

1

0

1

1

1

2

1

3

1

4

1

5Slot No.

A front slot is 9 U high and a back slot is 8 U high. The slot positions follow the rules below:

� Back slots 7 and 8 are fixed for the MNET boards.

� Front slots 7 and 8 are fixed for the MOMU boards in the main control frame and for the

MMPU boards in other frames.

� Back slots 6 and 9 are fixed for the TNU boards. The physical boards corresponding to

the TNU are the MTNB, MTNU and TCLU.

� Front slots 6 and 9 are for service resource boards such as the MVPD. The two slots

cannot be inserted with the service boards that require corresponding back interface

boards.

� Common slots are for service processing boards. The CLK boards shall be inserted in

back slots 0 and 1 in the main control frame.


Product Description


For a board that requires a corresponding back board, if a front slot is inserted with a specified

service board such as an MHRU, the corresponding back slot must be inserted with an

interface board such as an E8T, or an E1G.

For details about board configuration, see the online help for MML commands.

The board deployment in an SSM-32 frame is shown in Figure 3-11.

Figure 3-11 Board deployment in an SSM-32 frame

Common

Common

Common

Common

Common

Common

Common

Common

Common

Common

Common

Common

Common

Common

Common

Common

Common

Common

Common

Common

Common

Common

Common

Common

Back

Front

8U

9U

0

0

0

1

0

2

0

3

0

4

0

5

0

6

0

7

0

8

0

9

1

0

1

1

1

2

1

3

1

4

1

5Slot No.

OMU/MPU

TNU

OMU/MPU

TNU

An SSM-256 frame and an SSM-32 frame are the same in appearance and structure but

different in the backplane. In an SSM-32 frame, the main control boards MMPB and their

back boards MTNC occupy two front and back slots respectively.

The slot positions follow the rules below:

� Back slots 7 and 9 are only for the MTNC boards. Front slots 7 and 9 are only for the

main control boards, MOMB in the main control frame and MMPB in other SSM-32

frames respectively. Because MTNC boards and MOMB/MMPB boards occupy two

front and back slots respectively, slots 6 and 8 cannot be configured with other boards.

� If SSM-32 frames require only stratum-3 clock signals, no independent CLK boards are

required. If SSM-32 frames require stratum-2 clock signals, independent CLK boards are

required. The CLK boards are fixed to be configured in back slots 0 and 1 in frame 0 or

1.

� Common slots are for service processing boards. For a board that requires a

corresponding back board, the slot positions follow the same rule as that in an SSM-256

frame.


Product Description


3.3 Logical Architecture

3.3.1 Logical Fundamentals

For the two types of UMG8900 frames, the hardware is different and the corresponding

logical architecture is different too.

For the SSM-256 frame, the logical components of the hardware are shown in Figure 3-12.

Figure 3-12 Logical components of the SSM-256 hardware

E8T/

E1G/

P4L/

P1H

Signaling

adaptation

module

Cascading

module

Management and

control module

GPS

BITS

E1/

T1/

SDH

TDM processing

module

Service

resource

module

Packet processing

module

FE/

GE

TNU NET

TDM GE FE

PPU/

CMU

MPU/

OMUBLU/

FLUSPF

E32

T32

S2L

CLK

HRBVPU

A4L/

EAC/

TAC

ATM

ASU

8k Hz

E8T/

E1G


Product Description


For the SSM-32 frame, the logical components of the hardware are shown in Figure 3-13.

Figure 3-13 Logical components of the SSM-32 hardware

GPS

BITS

E1/

T1/

SDH

OMU

/TNC

TDM processing

module

Service

resource

module

Packet processing and

interface module

TNU

FE/

GE

Management and

control module

Signaling

adaptation

module

8k Hz

TDM GE FE

CLK

E32/

T32/S1L

VPU

HRB

SPFPPU/

CMU

E81/

E1G

ATM

ASU A4L/EAC/TAC

The UMG8900 accesses and processes IP/ATM/TDM bearer services, exchanges media

gateway control data with the softswitch, processes media resources and performs adaptation

and transparent transmission of signaling. The UMG8900 also provides auxiliary functions

such as the management and maintenance of the device, the clock and cascading functions.

Based on the functions and the distributed modular architecture, the hardware system of the

UMG8900 can be divided into the media gateway control and management module, TDM

processing module, service resource module, packet processing module, signaling adaptation

module and cascading module.

These modules are described as follows.

3.3.2 Gateway Control and Management Module

The gateway control and management module mainly performs the following two functions:

� Under the control of the gateway controller, this module invokes various bearer and

service resources within the UMG8900, sets up service bearers and processes service

stream formats.

� This module is responsible for the management and maintenance of the UMG8900. The

UMG8900 adopts the client/server mode. The client LMT connects with the BAM of the

UMG8900 to maintain and manage the UMG8900.

The PPU and CMU boards together provide the gateway control function. The

OMU/MPU/TNC board provides the management and maintenance function.


Product Description


When the PPU and CMU boards cooperate to provide the gateway control function, the PPU

resolves and encapsulates the gateway control protocol H.248 while the CMU invokes and

manages the resources within the UMG8900 based on the gateway control messages.

The physical board corresponding to the PPU is the MPPB. The physical boards

corresponding to the CMU are the MCMF and MCMB. The physical boards corresponding to

the OMU are the MOMU and MOMB. The physical boards corresponding to the MPU are the

MMPU and MMPB. The MOMU/MMPU can only be configured in the SSM-256 frame

while the MOMB/MMPB can only be in the SSM-32 frame.

The MOMB/MMPB can be equipped with the SCMU subboard to improve the processing

capability and implement the functions of the CMU/PPU.

3.3.3 Packet Processing Module

The packet processing module includes two parts: packet switching, and packet processing

and interface.

The packet switching module switches packet services of the gateway. For the SSM-256

frame, the NET board performs this function and the corresponding physical board is the

MNET. For the SSM-32 frame, this function is embedded in the OMU/MPU board in the

gateway control and management module and the corresponding physical board is the

MOMB/MMPB.

For the SSM-256 frame, the UG01MNET provides 16 GE packet switching capacity, and the

UG02MNET provides 24 GE packet switching capacity. For the SSM-32 frame, the packet

switching module provides 12 GE packet switching capacity.

The packet processing and interface module processes packet service bearers of the gateway

and provides hardware interfaces for packet services.

The UMG8900 provides packet service bearer modes: IP, ATM, and IPoE. The three modes

correspond to different hardware types of boards for the bearers.

The hardware of the IP packet processing and interface module mainly includes the HRB,

E8T and E1G. The corresponding physical boards are the MRPU, MHRU, MIOE, MHRD

(D1GO), ME8T, ME1G, and MNET.

The hardware of the ATM packet processing and interface module mainly includes the ASU,

A4L, EAC, and TAC. The corresponding physical boards are the MASU, MA4L, MEAC, and

MTAC.

3.3.4 TDM Processing Module

The TDM processing module includes three parts: TDM interface, clock processing and TDM

switching.

The TDM interface module provides TDM interfaces of the UMG8900 and supports

extracting line clocks as clock reference sources. The TDM interface module mainly includes

the E32, T32, PIE, S2L and S1L boards. The corresponding physical boards are the ME32,

MESU, MT32, MTSU, MPIE, MS2L, MS1L, MS2E, and MS1E.

The UG01MS2L can only be configured in the SSM-256 frame while the MS1L can only be

in the SSM-32 frame. The UG02S2L can be configured in both SSM-32 and SSM-256

frames.

The clock processing module provides clock signals required and supports access of various

clock reference sources. The clock processing module mainly includes the CLK and the

corresponding physical board is the MCLK.


Product Description


The UMG8900 supports two clock modes. One mode is to provide the clock through the CLK

boards, which can provide stratum-2 or stratum-3 clock signals. The other mode is to provide

the clock through the TNU (MTNC) boards, which can provide only stratum-3 clock and can

only be configured in the SSM-32 frame.

The TDM switching module mainly includes the TNU boards. In the SSM-256 frame, the

corresponding physical boards are the MTNU, TCLU and MTNB. In the SSM-32 frame, the

corresponding physical board is the MTNC. The TNC falls into UG01TNC and UG02TNC.

The UG01TNC provides the 32 K TDM switching capability, and the UG02TNC provides the

96 K TDM switching capability.

3.3.5 Service Resource Module

The service resource module processes media stream formats and provides resources for

service connection.

The hardware of this module mainly includes the VPU and ECU boards. The ECU provides

the echo cancellation (EC) function. The VPU provides announcement playing, digit

collecting and audio mixing functions. In addition, the VPU can provide all the functions of

the ECU. The corresponding physical boards are the MVPB, MVPD, MTCB, MTCD, and

MECU.

The MTCB and MVPB can only be used in an SSM-256 frame while the MTCD and MVPD

can only be used in the SSM-256 frame and SSM-32 frame. The MVPD is compatible with

the MVPB subboard and can be equipped with the new subboard such as VQE, VDD, and

VDF.

When the UMG8900 supports the voice over IP (VoIP) service, the HRB + VPU mode is

adopted.

3.3.6 Signaling Adaptation Module

The signaling adaptation module adapts the signaling of the wireless access network and

PSTN to the signaling of the IP packet network.

This module cooperates with the TDM processing module, packet processing module and

gateway control and management module to adapt and forward signaling.

This module includes the SPF. The corresponding physical board is the MSPF.

3.3.7 Cascading Module

The UMG8900 supports different application capacities through the single-frame and

multi-frame cascading modes. The cascading module provides the cascading of packet, TDM

and control service streams in the multi-frame cascading mode.

The BLU and FLU cooperate with the packet and TDM service processing modules to

perform the function of the cascading module.

The physical board corresponding to the BLU is the MBLU. The physical board

corresponding to the FLU is the MFLU. Cascading boards can be used only in the SSM-256

frame.

In addition, the SSM-32 frame supports the cascading board NLU. Its physical board is the

MNLU. The NLU is used for the GE cascading between SSM-32 frames, and between

SSM-32 and SSM-256 frames.


Product Description


3.4 Software Architecture

3.4.1 Software Fundamentals

The UMG8900, as a large-capacity universal media gateway, supports complete media

gateway processing function and provides embedded signaling gateway functions.

Its software architecture is shown in Figure 3-14.

Figure 3-14 Software architecture of the UMG8900

Host software

BAM LMT

The UMG8900 software system consists of two main parts: host software and LMT. The host

software is responsible for bearer service processing, lower-layer base software and hardware

management. The LMT software and BAM module of the host software, designed in

client/server infrastructure, are responsible for routine maintenance and management of the

host machine.

The directory of the software system consists of the LMT file directory and the BAM file

directory.

3.4.2 Host Software

The architecture of the UMG8900 host software is shown in Figure 3-15.

Figure 3-15 Host software architecture

Hardware platform

Signaling

processing

Lower-layer base software (RTOS)

Gateway control

Midware (VRP/DOPRA)

TDM bearer

resource

processing

Media resource processing

Operation & maintenance

Packet bearer

resource

processing

The host software includes:


Product Description


� Lower-layer base software

� Middleware software

� TDM bearer resource processing module

� Packet bearer resource processing module

� Signaling processing module

� Gateway control module

� Operation and maintenance module

The following describes the software modules in details.

Lower-Layer Base Software Module

The module employs popular real-time operating system (RTOS), providing such functions as

task management, message management, memory management, time limit management and

system initial boot.

Middleware Software Module

The UMG8900 employs Vxworks, a popular operating system in the industry. Based on the

distributed object-oriented programmable architecture (DOPRA) and the versatile routing

platform (VRP) protocol stack independently developed by Huawei, the UMG8900 also

support lower-layer operating system of a board, including system process, interruption,

memory management and allocation. Thus, the UMG8900 can provide more reliable

management and allocation of resources and ensure the stable running of the system.

TDM Bearer Resource Processing Module

This module is responsible for transferring and processing traffic streams based on the TDM

through the cooperation with the TDM processing system.

The functions of the TDM bearer processing module include:

� To receive commands delivered by the gateway control module.

� To connect and disconnect the designated timeslots.

Packet Bearer Processing Module

This module is responsible for processing packet services. It converts different types of traffic

to the format able to be transmitted in IP/ATM networks by encapsulation and packetization.

This module performs the invocation and topology connection of packet resources under the

control of the gateway control module to realize the interworking and service switching

between packet networks.

Signaling Processing Module

The module performs signaling adaptation, including the resolution of protocol stacks under

different bearer modes.

It also resolves various protocols during signaling transmission based on the IP/TDM mode.


Product Description


Media Resource Processing Module

This module is responsible for operating various service resources of the UMG8900. It can

process voice codec types such as G.711, AMR AMR2 and WB-AMR. It supports service

resources such as announcement playing, digit collecting, conference bridge (audio mixing),

dual tone multi-frequency (DTMF) detecting, frequency shift keying (FSK) and multiple

frequency control (MFC). The service resources work in the resource pool mode and can be

configured according to actual networking.

Gateway Control Module

This module processes the media gateway control protocol, exchanges gateway control data

with a softswitch, manages and invokes various resources within the UMG8900. In addition,

this module sets up and disconnects TDM bearer channels by controlling TDM bearer

resources and performs such functions as voice codec conversion, echo cancellation,

announcement playing and digit collecting by controlling the service resource module. The

gateway control module is the control center of the whole UMG8900.

Operation and Maintenance Module

This module performs data configuration, service maintenance and management for the

UMG8900. In addition, it is also responsible for board registration, software loading, system

monitoring and so on. Except for the maintenance and management of the host machine, it

provides interfaces for message interaction with the LMT and the integrated network

management system to realize management and maintenance of the UMG8900.

3.4.3 Client Software

The LMT software can be installed on a common PC. Through the LMT, you can operate and

manage the UMG8900.

The LMT system consists of four parts:

� Operation and Maintenance System

� Alarm Management System

� Performance Management System

� Trace Viewer


Product Description


4 Services and Networking Applications

About This Chapter

This chapter describes the services, basic functions and common networking that the

UMG8900 supports.


Title Description

4.1 Services Describes services that the UMG8900 can implement

4.2 Functions Describes functions supported by the UMG8900

4.3 Network Applications Describes the networking applications of the UMG8900

4.4 Networking Examples Provides the typical networking examples of the

UMG8900


Product Description


4.1 Services

4.1.1 Basic Bearer Services

Voice services include broadband and narrowband voice services. Broadband voice is

represented in AMR format supporting multiple codec rates. Narrowband voice, the

traditional TDM voice, is a type of circuit switched service. Voice services can also be

classified to ordinary telephone and emergent telephone services.

The CS domain bearer services provided by the UMG8900 include:

� G.711 voice services and AMR voice services at the rates of 12.2 kbit/s, 10.2 kbit/s, 7.95

kbit/s, 7.4 kbit/s, 6.7 kbit/s, 5.9 kbit/s, 5.15 kbit/s, and 4.75 kbit/s, GSM HR/FR/EFR

voice services, AMR2 voice services, and WB-AMR voice services

� Data transparent transmission at the rates of 64 kbit/s, 32 kbit/s, and 28.8 k bit/s

� Non-transparent data services at the rates of 57.6 kbit/s, 28.8 kbit/s, and14.4 kbit/s

� G.711 services over IP

4.1.2 Intelligent Services

The UMG8900 can only provide announcement resources and service bearer channels.

However, by working with intelligent devices and the MSC server, it can provide IN services.

4.1.3 Multimedia Services

The UMG8900 supports the processing of video service streams and conversion of formats.

The UMG8900 can cooperate with the MSC server to provide rich video communication

services.

4.1.4 GSM-R Services

The UMG8900 can network with the MSC server together to provide GSM-R services. The

GSM-R services include the voice group call service (VGCS), voice broadcast service (VBS),

call area limitation, enhanced multi level precedence and preemption (eMLPP), function

number.

4.2 Functions

4.2.1 QoS Insurance

The UMG8900 focuses on providing real-time voice services in a UMTS network. For voice

services, some requirements on the QoS must be met. The UMG8900 provides the following

measures to ensure voice quality:

� Supporting IP differentiated services (IP DiffServ), IP ToS and IP DSCP

� Supporting priority queue of upstream data and treating services differently in terms of

handling order


Product Description


4.2.2 Mobility Support

The UMG8900 supports the modifying and switching of bearer resources to satisfy the

demands for service streams conversion and different networks interconnection.

The UMG8900 provides highly mobility by supporting IP/ATM/TDM bearer resources, voice

codecs conversion, and the modifying and handover of internal bearer channels.

The device supports the following handover:

� Inter-exchange, intra-exchange and subsequent handover for GSM-R networks

4.2.3 Embedded SG

The UMG8900 supports the embedded SG function to adapt the signaling of the circuit

switched network to that of the IP packet network.

The UMG8900 can access the signaling of a BSC, MSC and PSTN switch. After adaptation,

the UMG8900 forwards the signaling to the MSC server. This function can optimize the

network topology and reduce networking cost.

4.2.4 Audio Mixing

The UMG8900 supports the audio-mixing function. By networking with the MSC server, the

UMG8900 can support the multiparty service (MPTY).

4.2.5 Virtual Media Gateway

A virtual MGW (VMGW) refers to a logical MGW. Multiple VMGWs can be integrated as a

physical MGW. The UMG8900 supports the VMGW functions. You can configure a physical

UMG8900 to multiple MGWs that have independent logical functions. The VMGWs are

identified by the VMGW ID and are managed by different softswitches. The bearer resources

of the physical MGW can be allocated to different VMGWs in exclusive or resource-sharing

mode so that the flexibility of the UMG8900 is enhanced.

The implementation of the VMGW functions is defined in Multiple Virtual MGs of the Media

Gateway Control protocol (MEGACO). One MGW can be controlled by only one MSC

Server. One MGW can also be divided into multiple VMGWs, each of which can be

controlled by one MSC Server.

The UMG8900 supports the VMGW application defined in the MEGACO protocol.

On the UMG8900, one physical MGW can be divided into 32 VMGWs. Each VMGW

supports three master and slave MSC Servers to enable the switching when an MSC Server

fails. The UMG8900 also employs the independent operational and management policy. One

MGW can be divided physically or logically based on the capacity, functions and performance

instead of belonging to the MSC Server simply.

The UMG8900 supports the following VMGW functions:

� Logical division of IP bearer resources

� Logical division of TDM bearer resources

� Logical division of ATM bearer resources

� The resource pool mode for TC and EC media resource processing

� Dual homing, remote disaster tolerance and backup


Product Description


4.2.6 LICENSE

Traditional expansion is through the adding of hardware. You can buy different numbers of

frames and boards to obtain corresponding capacities. In addition, you may want to operate a

small system with less investment at the initial stage of network construction. Therefore, a

method through software, namely, LICENSE, is required to provide more accurate capacity

control.

In addition, you can acquire enhanced functions and services by buying LICENSE. Thus, you

can provide related value-added services. With the LICENSE function, you can flexibly

choose the network functions that fit a specific stage based on actual requirements. Thus, you

can protect your investment to the most extent.

4.2.7 TrFO/TFO

Transcode free operation (TrFO) is a type of out-band transcoding control operation. In the

TrFO mode, the end-to-end negotiation is completed at the control plane before a call

connection is set up. After the negotiation, the amount of transcoders in the call channel is

reduced to improve voice quality.

In the TrFO mode, if the negotiation succeeds, no TC resource need be allocated. No TC

resource need participate in the negotiation process either. The TrFO is defined in 3rd

Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) R4 specifications.

Tandem free operation (TFO) is a type of in-band transcoding control operation. It is

configured for the two transcoders that both support the TFO. When the codec types of two

transcoders are matched, this function enables in-band negotiation about codec selection

instead of codecs conversion, thus improving voice quality. This function is defined in 3GPP

R99 and GSM specifications.

In the TFO mode, each channel must occupy TC resources for negotiation. However, the

occupied TC resources need not participate in the transcoding. The TFO is defined in 3GPP

R99 and GSM specifications.

The UMG8900 supports both the TrFO and TFO functions.

4.2.8 IPoE1

The UMG8900 supports transmission of packets in the IPoE1 mode. In this way, the existing

TDM network can be fully utilized, the IP-based transmission mode can be quickly

introduced, and investment on future network evolution and capacity expansion can be

reduced.

When services are transmitted in the IPoE1 mode, the UMG8900 supports compression of the

RTP protocol and thus decreases the bandwidth utilization. The UMG8900 supports the

standard RFC2508 compression and the enhanced RFC3545 compression.

At present, the UMG8900 provides the Mc interface, Nb interface and OMC interface for

service transmission in the IPoE1 mode.

4.3 Network Applications

The UMG8900 must be integrated with a (G)MSC Server to implement (G)MSC functions of

a mobile core network. With the bearer independent call control (BICC) structure, the

UMG8900 supports flexible networking modes and can interconnect with existing networks.


Product Description


The UMG8900 supports the following networking applications:

� Serving as the (G)MSC with a (G)MSC Server in a GSM-R core network

� Serving as the bearer equipment and networking with a (G)MSC Server in a GSM-R

network

� Serving as the bearer device in a GSM-R network

The following sections describe the networking modes listed above. The MSC server

developed by Huawei is selected as a (G)MSC Server.

4.3.1 GSM-R Networking

In the present mobile networks, the GSM-R network is mainly responsible for voice services

provision. To realize smooth network upgrade without affecting the current network

development, the UMG8900 networks with the MSC server to provide (G)MSC functions of

the GSM-R network.

The GSM-R networking is shown in Figure 4-1.

Figure 4-1 GSM networking

GTSOFTX3000

UMG8900

Mc

GTSOFTX3000

UMG8900

Mc

MSC GMSC

PSTN

BSCBTS

BTS

LE

TDM TDM TDM

In this networking mode, the UMG8900 and MSC server act as one device. They connect

with each other through the internal interface or standard Mc interface.

In a GSM-R network, TDM/AIM/IP connections are used between MSCs in the core network,

between the MSC of the core network and the BSC of the access network, and between the

core network and PSTN.

For the voice service streams from the access network, the UMG8900 accesses them to the

core network by TDM. For the voice service streams between devices in the core network, the

existing TDM network can be used or the VoIP function of the UMG8900 can be used to

realize the VoIP connection in the core network.

The call control signaling of Base Station Subsystem Application Part (BSSAP) from the

access network can be sent to the MSC server directly through the independent signaling

trunks between the MSC server and BSC. The signaling can also be forwarded to the MSC

server through the SG embedded in the UMG8900 or TDM semi-permanent connections of

the UMG8900.

The signaling between MSCs in the core network is exchanged based on ISDN User Part

(ISUP) or Telephone User Part (TUP). The signaling can be transmitted over TDM links


Product Description


between MSC servers, through the SG embedded in the UMG8900 or TDM semi-permanent

connections of the UMG8900.

When the UMG8900 and MSC server are combined to work as a GSM gateway exchange, the

UMG8900 receives voice service streams from an external network such as the PSTN through

the TDM interfaces. The signaling is sent to the MSC server by an independent SG or through

direct connections to the MSC server. The signaling can also be forwarded to the MSC server

through the SG embedded in the UMG8900.

The UMG8900 supports complete SG functions. The UMG8900 can forward the signaling of

the access network or Signaling System No.7 (SS7) of the PSTN to the MSC server based on

M2UA/M3UA.

4.4 Networking Examples

The UMG8900 can work as a service tandem device in the GSM-R network. When the

UMG8900 works as a tandem or local exchange, it supports the two networking modes based

on pure TDM and VoIP at the same time. Following are two networking examples.

4.4.1 GSM-R Local Exchange Networking

The combined networking mode of Huawei UMG8900 and MSC server to expand the

capacity of the local exchange. The UMG8900 and MSC server are combined to serve as an

MSC.

The networking is shown in Figure 4-2.

Figure 4-2 GSM-R local exchange expansion

GTSOFTX3000

UMG8900

BSC

MSC

MSC

TMSC

BSC BSC BSC BSC

TMSC

HLR SMCSCP NMS

SCP: signaling control point HLR: home location register

NMS: network management subsystem BSC: base station controller

SMC: short message center UMG: universal media gateway


Product Description


In the commercial GSM network, Huawei UMG8900 and MSC server work together as a

VMSC in the local exchange for network expansion and connect with two new BSCs. This

networking reduces call loss due to the increase of network users and improves the quality of

service.

The UMG8900 and MSC server are placed in a same equipment room and connect with each

other through LAN Switches. The embedded SG of the UMG8900 forwards all the signaling

of the access network to the MSC server. At the same time, the UMG8900 can also forward

signaling upstream to the TMSC and complete service connection.


Product Description


5 Reliability

About This Chapter

The reliability of a telecommunication device is the key factor. The reliability design usually

involves three aspects: system reliability, hardware reliability, and software reliability.

Based on the basic requirements of reliability design, this chapter describes some designs and

applications of the UMG8900 in the respect of reliability. Through this chapter, you can learn

some basic features and applications of the UMG8900 in the respect of reliability design.


Title Description

5.1 System Reliability Describes the system reliability of the UMG8900

5.2 Hardware Reliability Describes the hardware reliability of the UMG8900

5.3 Software Reliability Describes the software reliability of the UMG8900


Product Description


5.1 System Reliability

System reliability considers reliability requirements of the device in terms of system

application. This design chooses common service protection methods and measures based on

the networking of the device to ensure the normal running of the whole device.

The measures for system reliability include the following two aspects:

� System Protection Measures

� Error Tolerance Consideration

5.1.1 System Protection Measures

System reliability design is based on an overall analysis of system reliability. To ensure the

system reliability, the UMG8900 adopts such methods as backup, load sharing and

redundancy configuration and optimizes fault detection and isolation techniques for boards

and the system. The following measures are adopted:

Redundancy Design

The UMG8900 supports master/slave switchover, load sharing and resource pool.

� Power module: works in the master/slave mode and ensures the normal running of the

system in case one fails.

� The CLK, NET, OMU and MPU: work in the master/slave (1+1 backup) mode. If the

master board fails, the slave one becomes active to ensure the normal running of the

system.

� Service boards: work in the 1+1 backup, load sharing or resource pool mode. Two or

more boards jointly implement functions. If one of them fails, other boards take over the

tasks of the failed board if a certain performance index such as call loss is satisfied.

Derating Design

The derating design is to reduce the stress on electronic components to be lower than the rated

values. The purpose is to slow down parameter degrading, extend lifespan and improve the

system reliability. The derating design is usually applied to reducing the rated values of

electric stress and heat stress.

Component Choosing, Controlling and Normalizing Design

The key factors to component reliability lie in how to choose and use them. Component types,

specifications and suppliers are selected for the UMG8900 according to their replaceable and

normalized degrees. By means of component normalization and reliability analysis, as few

components as possible are used in order to realize high availability.


Product Description


Heat Design

As product performance may be affected by temperature, component selection, circuit design

(such as tolerance design, drift design and rated value derating design), structure design and

dissipation design are applied to a product in order to make it work reliably in a wide

temperature range. The UMG8900 provides special structures and dissipation measures to

lower temperature.

Maintainability Design � The purpose of maintainability design is to realize certain maintenance goals in terms of

quality and quantity especially to reduce time cost in maintenance. It is measured by the

simplification degree of product design and maintenance, reachability, standardization,

replaceability, modularization, error-free design, identification, testability, diagnosis

technology, human and environment factors and so on. To achieve certain maintenance

goals, the UMG8900 adopts the following measures.

� Hot-swappable boards to reduce time used for replacing them.

� Backward cabling for the convenience of module assembly and disassembly.

� Detection and alarm report functions to detect and report faults timely.

� A convenient and friendly man-machine language (MML) operation terminal to facilitate

maintenance personnel to locate and remove faults as soon as possible

Electromagnetic Compatibility Design

Electromagnetic compatibility design prevents the UMG8900, as well as any other equipment,

subsystem, or system, from being degraded due to the electromagnetic waves from other

equipments in the same electromagnetic environment.

Power Reliability Design

The power reliability is ensured by such designs as overcurrent and overvoltage protection,

internal temperature adjustment and protection, redundancy design, and independent

protection facility.

Software Reliability Design

To ensure software reliability, such software engineering methods are used as modularized

design, object-oriented design, integrated circuit (IC) design, error tolerance, error correction

and auto-recovery.

5.1.2 Error Tolerance Consideration

The UMG8900 has the following considerations of error tolerance:

� Modularized design to achieve distributed process and independence between modules

� Master/slave, load sharing and resource pool working modes to ensure the system

normal running in the event of partial fault.

� Redundant fan configuration, intelligent control and alarm report functions

� Multiple alarm handling mechanisms. One is to use embedded indicators and beepers

panels to produce alarms in time. The other mechanism is to send alarms to users in a

centralized way by way of the local operation and maintenance center.


Product Description


5.2 Hardware Reliability

To ensure the system reliability, the hardware system of the UMG8900 adopts such methods

as backup, load sharing, redundancy configuration and resource pool and optimizes fault

detection and isolation techniques for boards and the system.

The hardware reliability involves the following aspects:

� General Hardware Design

� Backup Reliability Design

� Hardware Maintainability Design

5.2.1 General Hardware Design

The UMG8900 fully meets general requirements for hardware design as follows:

� The UMG8900 adopts the multi-level cascaded and distributed cluster control mode.

Multiple CPUs comprise a cluster processing system and each module has distinct

functions.

� The redundancy design is adopted for hot backup of important functional modules so

that service, NET and CLK boards have strong error tolerance ability.

� Non-volatile memory is used to store important data. The foreground/background data

backup mode is adopted to ensure data security and consistency.

� Advanced integrated circuits such as application specific integrated circuit (ASIC),

programmable logic devices (PLD) and field programmable gate array (FPGA) are used

to achieve high integration, technique level and reliability.

� High quality components pass the aging test and strict filtering. The hardware

assembling process is also under strict quality control. Thus, the UMG8900 can ensure

high stability and reliability in the long-term running.

� All board hardware supports version report and online software loading.

� The redundancy and error tolerance designs are adopted. The core switching network is

based on the dual-plane architecture. In addition, the UMG8900 enables global sharing

of resources and distributed control of services.

� The UMG8900 adopts the distributed dual power plan. In the unit of one frame, high

frequency DC/DC secondary power modules are used to ensure high efficiency and

stability.

� The overvoltage and overcurrent protection mechanism is adopted for +5 V/–48 V power

input and external interfaces (such as the E1/T1 interface) of each board. This

mechanism accords with International Telecommunication Union – Telecommunication

Standardization Sector (ITU-T) G.703 Recommendations, Appendix B and the related

requirements.

5.2.2 Backup Reliability Design

Hot backup at the board level is the most often used mode for a telecommunication device to

improve the system reliability. Its actual effect can be measured through the rate of successful

switchover, which in turn depends on the detection rate of board faults and the switchover

mechanism. The UMG8900 considers both the factors in design.

� Board fault detection: During the board powering on, the system makes self-test on

memory and key external chips such as the network chip. In addition, the system online

monitors key signals used by the boards such as clock signals (8-kHz signals for example)

and makes loopback tests on service code streams when idle.


Product Description


� Switchover mechanism: The switchover between the master and slave boards is

accomplished through two cross-connected signals. The two signals are the output signal

that indicates the local board is valid and the input signal that indicates the peer board is

valid. The former signal is generated by heartbeat detecting circuits.

� Dual-channel backup: The UMG8900 supports the cascading mode. Cascading boards

are used to implement the master/slave dual-channel connections between cascaded

frames. Cascading modules can check the status of the channels through hardware to

increase the reliability and speed of cascading switchover effectively.

5.2.3 Hardware Maintainability Design

The UMG8900 adopts advanced maintenance bus (MBus) modules. Each board provides an

MBus subboard to form an independent MBus system within each frame.

The MBus system is independent of higher-layer software. It can implement the power on/off

management and environmental monitoring, offset the influence of surge current and increase

the speed of responding to fault detection.

5.3 Software Reliability

Software reliability is usually considered in terms of software engineering. In addition, it can

be ensured through software development methods.

The software reliability designs include:

� Software Engineering: Provides the reliability design for software through development

methods

� Upgrade Without Service Interruption: Implements the upgrade without service

interruption function through the grouping clue and cooperation of the master group and

slave group

� Error Tolerance Design: Improves the error tolerance ability of software based on

different tasks or mechanism

� Fault Monitoring and Handling: Provides general processes and methods for fault check

and handling through software

5.3.1 Software Engineering

To improve the software reliability, the key point is to reduce software defects. The

UMG8900 ensures the software reliability at different phases from demand analysis, system

design and test.

From demand analysis, the software development flow is guided by the specifications of

capability maturity model (CMM). Thus, errors can be limited within the starting phase.

At the software design phase, design methods and implementation are stressed. Modular

design is adopted and each software module is based on the loose coupling mechanism. Fault

of one module does not affect other modules. In addition, measures for fault check, isolation

and recovery are added to improve the system reliability. Codes walkthrough, review and test

provide effective ways to ensure the reliability.

Test on different types of software is a necessary means to increase the software reliability.

From the initiation of a software project, test personnel participate in the software

development flow at all levels. From unit test to system test, each plan strictly follows the

demand of the upper-level flow. The integrity of the plan ensures the software reliability.


Product Description


5.3.2 Upgrade Without Service Interruption

Through the grouping clue and cooperation of the master group and slave group, the

UMG8900 implements the upgrade without service interruption function.

5.3.3 Error Tolerance Design

With error tolerance ability, a software system can be recovered automatically when a slight

software fault occurs. Such ability is shown in the following aspects:

Periodic Detection on Key Resources

A verification mechanism is applied to the case that deadlock happens to certain software

resources. Through this mechanism, the deadlock resources are released and logs and alarms

are output.

Task Monitoring

There are always output channels for software errors and some hardware faults during the

software running. This monitoring process is to oversee task running and reporting

abnormality.

Storage Protection

The paragraph and page protection mechanism of CPU memory management unit (MMU) is

enabled to save codes and important data. This mechanism also provides such functions as

online query, variable and data modification and memory area monitor.

Data Check

Data consistency checks are implemented on a periodic or event-driven basis. If inconsistency

is found, data consistency can be recovered in a priority order or other orders and then logs

and alarms can be output.

Operation Log Storage

The system records operation information in a certain period and saves the records into

system operation logs. Operation logs can be used to track operation status and thus help to

locate faults, or recover normal operation status.

5.3.4 Fault Monitoring and Handling

Reliability and robustness of a software system are guaranteed by a strong fault monitoring

and handling system, especially after the software is launched. The UMG8900 has the

following mechanisms for fault monitoring and handling.

Backup and Switchover Mechanism

When a crucial fault occurs, the related components or boards will reset and switch over to

another available one. After restart, the system outputs the record of the rest reason and prints

the related information. During lower-level reload, system downtime should be kept in 30

seconds and that during highest-level reload should be no longer than 3 minutes


Product Description


Isolation Mechanism

With this mechanism, when an entity is unable to implement a certain function, the function

will be fulfilled by other entities.

Restart of Auto-Recovery Mechanism

If a board with a single function cannot implement its primary function, it probably fails and

shall restart.

Overload Control Mechanism

The system provides dynamic traffic and signaling overload control functions. With the

functions, the system can classify load controls into several levels automatically or through

commands manually inputted. Thus, the system can ensure the maximum call processing

ability in the case of overload. The software has a certain automatic error correction and

auto-recovery abilities (including restart and reload) when software failure occurs. The system

can be self diagnosed automatically at certain intervals and notify customers of upcoming

faults so that they can contact technical support engineers in time.

When key resource occupation rate exceeds certain limits, the system can take measures (such

as denying some less important services) to release service load.


Product Description


6 OAM System

About This Chapter

Operation and maintenance functions are basic requirements for users to manage and maintain

the device. An easy and flexible mode for operation and maintenance can reduce the

operational expenditure (OPEX) of the device.

This chapter describes the components and functions of the UMG8900 operation,

administration and maintenance (OAM) system. Through this chapter, you can learn the basic

architecture, modules and functions of the UMG8900 OAM system.


Title Description

6.1 System Architecture Describes the architecture of the UMG8900 maintenance

and management system

6.2 OAM Functions Describes the operation and maintenance functions of the

UMG8900


Product Description


6.1 System Architecture

OAM refers to all the work a carrier does on a telecommunication device or system that has

been put into operation. The purpose of the OAM is to ensure that the system runs normally

and provides excellent telecommunication services.

The UMG8900 provides powerful OAM functions to facilitate routine management and

maintenance and improve the usability and maintainability of the device.

The OAM system of the UMG8900 is shown in Figure 6-1.

Figure 6-1 UMG8900 OAM system

UMG8900

Router

Modem

LMT

LMT

Local Maintenance

Remote Maintenance

M2000 Server M2000 Client

LAN

Internet

PSTN

UMG: universal media gateway LMT: local maintenance terminal

LAN: local area network PSTN: public switched telephone network

The OAM system is designed based on the client/server structure. The UMG8900 host acts as

the server, and the LMT as the client. The LMT is responsible for management and

maintenance on the UMG8900.

The UMG8900 supports local and remote maintenance through the LMT. The UMG8900

provides interfaces with the iManager M2000 integrated network management system

(hereinafter referred to as iManager M2000). The iManager M2000 can implement central

management on all devices in the network. The iManager M2000 consists of one iManager

M2000 server and multiple iManager M2000 clients.

6.1.1 LMT

With the graphic user interface (GUI), the LMT offers the following functions:

� Device configuration and management

� Service maintenance

� Performance statistics


Product Description


� Service tracing

� Security management

� Troubleshooting

The LMT and the BAM of the OMU are connected in the standard client/server structure.

The BAM supports device management and provides external interfaces for management.

Because the BAM applies the industry-popular real-time and distribution operation system,

the service processing capability and response speed are greatly improved.

The BAM connects and manages other functional units through the FAM.

The LMT provides friendly GUI and abundant online help information. At the LMT, you can

get information about command functions and parameter meaning any time, as well as alarm

meaning, handling suggestions and so on.

The LMT can manage multiple UMG8900s simultaneously. It provides external alarm boxes

to report alarms with audio and optical signals. It can also send short messages to notify alarm

information to maintenance technicians.

To ensure reliable connection between the LMT and UMG8900, a dual plane design is used,

as shown in Figure 6-2.

Figure 6-2 Maintenance dual-plane networking

TN

C

LMT

UMG8900

TN

C

O

MB

LAN Switch

O

MB

LMT: local maintenance terminal UMG: universal media gateway

TNC: TDM switching Net Unit C LAN Switch: Ethernet switch

OMB: operation and maintenance unit B

The master and slave OMBs of the UMG8900 are both connected to the LAN Switch through

standard cables. The LMT system communicates with the UMG8900 host also through the

LAN Switch.

During communication, only the master OMB board is working. When the master board fails,

the slave OMB becomes active and connects to the LMT. The master and slave OMBs

provide only one operation and maintenance center (OMC) interface for the outside.


Product Description


The back TNC provides OMC interfaces of the OMB to meet the requirements of rear cabling.

6.1.2 iManager M2000 System

The iManager M2000, a part of Huawei iManager integrated network management system

positioned for wireless networks, is dedicated in managing all devices in a mobile network.

The LMT can be integrated into the iManager M2000 to implement uniform management on

all UMG8900s in the network by fulfilling the iManager M2000 topology management

functions.

The iManager M2000 communicates with the UMG8900 host based on TCP/IP.

The iManager M2000 makes it easy for alarm handling, routine operation, performance

management and information query in a centralized way.

The iManager M2000 system includes a server and one or more clients. The LMT is loosely

coupled with the iManager M2000. The LMT is dedicated to management on the UMG8900

only while the iManager M2000 is on all devices such as topology management and

troubleshooting for the entire network.

6.1.3 MML Command Line

The system provides not only GUI but also MML commands for device operation and

maintenance. The MML commands can be used for data configuration, routine operation and

device maintenance.

MML is an interactive interface between machine and man, which is based on ITU

Z.301-Z.341 series. MML provides a set of commands to operate and query the UMG8900.

Using the MML commands, you can monitor and manage the UMG8900 in all aspects.

MML has the following features:

� Encapsulation: A function instead of a simple operation is encapsulated to an MML

command. For example, adding an IP address requires several steps, but can be

completed by an MML command which groups those steps. This feature inevitably

improves efficiency.

� Consistency check: When an MML command is run, data consistency between tables is

checked to prevent rubbish data.

� Base API: MML commands function as the lower layer application program interface

(API) with all other applications running based on it. The GUI terminal translates

interface operations into commands and then transmits them to the MML system. The

MML system runs the command and returns results in text, which are transformed to

another format suitable for display in GUI. In this way, the system stability is ensured as

the system running will not be affected by program problem.

� Interactive: The input and output of MML system are based on pure character string.

This feature enables the host to interwork with Telnet alike, and the client terminal to run

on multiple platforms (such as the dumb terminal without processing capability).

Therefore, MML meets the requirement of central network management and the

tendency of telecommunication products.

With the MML system, you can select and re-run a history command and invoke a command

by inputting key words.

The MML system provides parameter range when you input a command, and draw-down

combo boxes or check lists for your selection convenience.


Product Description


6.2 OAM Functions

The UMG8900 provides GUI to perform OAM functions. The OAM functions include:

� Device Management

� Data Management

� Alarm Management

� Tracing Management

� Performance Management

� Environment and Power Supply Monitoring

6.2.1 Device Management

With the graphical interface, you can view device configurations, board cascading situation,

board status and power distribution status. Through shortcut menu operations, you can query,

display, switch, reset, isolate, block and activate boards and interfaces.

Through the graphical interface and MML commands, you can implement efficient

management and maintenance on hardware, system resources, signaling links, clock system

and physical interfaces of the UMG8900.

6.2.2 Data Management

The function is to manage all data of the UMG8900 such as configuration data and operating

data.

The configuring data include service configuration and local exchange configuration data.

You can save, dump, and restore these data for later system upgrade and maintenance use.

During the system running, such data are generated as alarms, logs, performance statistics and

tracing results. The system dumps and backs up them in real time for fault location and

network upgrade use.

6.2.3 Alarm Management

The function is to receive and deal with alarms. According to the alarm type and level, the

alarm terminal (for example, an alarm box or the alarm management system) delivers the

corresponding voice and optical signals, and sends the translated alarm information to the

network management.

In addition, the function also enables to save alarm information, display history alarm records

and set alarm processing way.

6.2.4 Tracing Management

The function is to provide service tracing, signaling tracing, interface tracing and message

explanation.

It also performs real time tracing on service resources and interface protocols in terms of

process, status migration, resource occupation and control information flow. The above

information can be stored for fault locating and fixing purpose.


Product Description


6.2.5 Performance Management

The function is to make statistics on calls to provide reference for device status analysis and

telecommunications network plan, design, and maintenance.

You can create abundant performance measurement tasks by setting different measurement

objects, measurement sets, measurement units, measurement items and measurement time.

6.2.6 Environment and Power Supply Monitoring

The function is to monitor and control the environment, power supply and other intelligent

devices in the central or remote equipment room even when no one is on duty.


Product Description


7 Technical Specifications

About This Chapter

This chapter gives major technical specifications of the UMG8900, including the service

processing ability, data of the whole UMG8900 and protocols.

Through this chapter, you can learn basic performance indexes, environmental conditions for

device running and basic parameters of the UMG8900. This information is helpful for

engineering survey, plan and networking.


Title Description

7.1 System Performance

Specifications

Provides the system performance specifications of the

UMG8900

7.2 Technical Parameters of

the Whole UMG8900

Provides the technical parameters of the UMG8900

7.3 Environmental

Specifications

Provides the environmental specifications of the

UMG8900


Product Description


7.1 System Performance Specifications

7.1.1 Service Processing Ability

GSM-R Local Exchange

When the UMG8900 works as a service bearer device in a GSM-R local exchange, the service

processing ability is shown in Table 7-1.

Table 7-1 Service processing ability of a GSM-R local exchange

Item Application Index

Users amount GSM-R (IP core

network)

E1 interface: 200,000 for a single frame, up to 3.2

million for the whole system

STM-1 SDH interface: 300,000 for a single frame,

up to 3.2 million for the whole system

GSM-R (TDM core

network)

E1 interface: 150,000 for a single frame, up to 2.8

million for the whole system

STM-1 SDH interface: 480,000 for a single frame,

up to 2.8 million for the whole system

Traffic

volume GSM-R all-TDM networking: 70 kErlang

Other networking modes: 80 kErlang

BHCA GSM-R all-TDM networking: 4200 k

Other networking modes: 4800 k

GSM-R Gateway Exchange

When the UMG8900 works as a service bearer device in a GSM-R gateway exchange, the

service processing ability is shown in Table 7-2.

Table 7-2 Service processing ability of a GSM-R gateway exchange


Number

of trunks

IP core

network

E1 interface: 12 k equivalent trunks for a single frame, up to

270 k equivalent trunks

STM-1 SDH interface: 20 k equivalent trunks for a single

frame, up to 270 k equivalent trunks

TDM core

network

E1 interface: 8 k trunks for a single frame, up to 220 k trunks

STM-1 SDH interface: 32 k trunk for a single frame, up to 220

k trunks

BHCA 5400 k


Product Description



Traffic

volume

110 kErlang

An equivalent trunk refers to a TDM trunk plus an IP equivalent trunk. In addition, the specifications in

this section are applicable to special networking models of Huawei.

GSM-R TMSC

When the UMG8900 works as a service bearer device in a TMSC, the service processing

ability is shown in Table 7-3.

Table 7-3 Service processing ability of a GSM-R TMSC


Number

of trunks

Upstream IP

mode

E1 interface: 12 k equivalent trunks for a single frame, up to

270 k equivalent trunks

STM-1 SDH interface: 20 k equivalent trunks for a single

frame, up to 270k equivalent trunks

Upstream

TDM mode

E1 interface: 8 k trunks for a single frame, up to 220 k trunks

STM-1 SDH interface: 32 k trunks for a single frame, up to

220 k trunks

BHCA 5400 k

Traffic

volume

110 kErlang

Signaling Transfer Ability

The UMG8900 supports the signaling adaptation and transfer from the TDM mode to the IP

packet mode based on the standard SIGTRAN protocol.

The specifications of signaling transfer are shown in Table 7-4.

Table 7-4 Service processing ability (signaling transfer)

Item Index

MTP2 links 64 kbit/s SSM-32/SSM-256: 46 links per board, up to 2576 links

2 Mbit/s SSM-32/SSM-256: two links per board, up to 112 links

MTP3 links 64 kbit/s SSM-32/SSM-256: 46links per board, up to 2576 links

2 Mbit/s SSM-32/SSM-256: two links per board, up to 112 links

Q.921 links 64 kbit/s SSM-32/SSM-256: 128 links per board, up to 7168 links


Product Description


7.1.2 Platform Switching Ability

The switching ability of the UMG8900 hardware platforms is shown in Table 7-5.

Table 7-5 Hardware platform switching ability

Item Index

TDM switching SSM-256: 256 k non-blocking switching

SSM-32: 32 k/ 96 k non-blocking switching

Packet switching SSM-256: 16 Gbit/s or 24 Gbit/s for a single frame, up to 128

Gbit/s or 192 Gbit/s

SSM-32: 12 Gbit/s for a single frame, up to 36 Gbit/s

7.1.3 Clock Specifications

In the case of independent CLK boards, the UMG8900 can provide stratum-2A or stratum-3

clock signals. In the case of the clock subboards, the UMG8900 provides stratum-3 clock

signals.


Product Description


The clock specifications are shown in Table 7-6.

Table 7-6 Clock specifications

Item Index

Network-accessed

clock

Minimum

accuracy

Stratum-2A clock: ±4.0 × 10-7

Stratum-3 clock: ±4.6 × 10-6

Pull-in range Stratum-2A clock: ±4 × 10-7

Stratum-3 clock: ±4.6 × 10-6

Maximum

frequency offset

Stratum-2A clock: 5 × 10-10

per day

Stratum-3 clock: : 5 × 10-10

per day (MCLK)

Stratum-3 clock: 2 × 10-9

per day (CKMB)

Initial maximum

frequency offset

Stratum-2A clock: < 2.5 × 10-8

per day

Stratum-3 clock: < 2.5× 10-8

per day (MCLK)

Stratum-3 clock: < 6 × 10-7

per day (CKMB)

Long-term phase

states

Ideal state MTIE ≤ 1 ms

Holdover state MTIE (ns) ≤ a × s + (1/2) × b × s2 + c

"S" stands for time measured in second, and

"MTIE" is measured in nanosecond.

Stratum-2A clock:

a = 0.5 b = 1.16 × 10-5

c = 1000

Stratum-3 clock:

a = 10 b = 2.3 × 10-4

c = 1000

Clock work states The clock work states can be fast tracking, locked, holdover, and free

running.

The stratum-2A clock means that the indexes except the frequency accuracy, pull-in range, pull-out

range, and hold-in range comply with the G.812 and GR-1244-CORE standards.

These indexes are explained as follows:

� Minimum accuracy: the maximum magnitude of the frequency deviation from the

nominal frequency for a specified time period (20 years) in the absence of an external

reference clock, namely, in the free running state

� Maximum frequency offset: the maximum magnitude of the fractional frequency

deviation for a specified time period

� Pull-in range: the largest frequency bandwidth of the input clock signals that can be

locked

� Maximum time interval error (MTIE): the largest peak-to-peak delay deviation of a

tested clock from a reference clock within a specified test period


Product Description


7.1.4 Voice Quality Specifications

The voice quality specifications are shown in Table 7-7.

Table 7-7 Voice quality specifications

Item Index

Jitter Buffer 20 ms – 200 ms

Loss package

compensation

< 5%, MOS ≥ 3.7

Echo cancellation 32 ms, 64 ms and 128 ms, which can be configured through

software

Dynamic switching time

for voice codec types < 60 ms

Gateway jitter time < 10 ms

VoIP quality In a benign network condition: MOS > 4.0, average PSQM <

1.5

In a poor network condition (packet loss rate = 1%, network

jitter = 20 ms, delay = 100 ms): MOS > 3.5, average PSQM <

1.8

7.1.5 Reliability

The specifications of system reliability are shown in Table 7-8.

Table 7-8 Reliability specifications

Item Index

Resource availability in typical

configuration

≥ 99.999%

MTBF ≥ 100,000 hours

MTTR ≤ 0.8 hours (excluding preparation time)

Down time < 5 minutes per year

Rebooting time for a single frame < 10 minutes

Board switching time < 1 second

Interface protection switching time < 50 ms in the APS mode

< 1 second in other modes


Product Description


7.2 Technical Parameters of the Whole UMG8900

This section covers:

� Power Supply and Consumption

� Mechanical Specifications

� Safety Specifications

� EMC

7.2.1 Power Supply and Consumption

The specifications of power supply and consumption are shown in Table 7-9.

Table 7-9 Power supply and consumption of the SSM

Item Index

Rated input voltage –48 V/–60 V

Input voltage range –48 V: –57 V to –40 V

–60 V: –72 V to –50 V

Input mode Two –48 V/–60 V inputs or one –48 V/–60 V input

Maximum input currents Two –48 V/–60 V inputs in the hot backup mode: 100 A per

input

Power consumption

(single frame)

Vacant SSM-256/SSM-32 frame with a fan frame: 70 W

Fully-populated SSM-256 frame: 1100 W

Fully-populated SSM-32 frame: 850 W

7.2.2 Mechanical Specifications

The mechanical specifications of the UMG8900 are shown in Table 7-10.

Table 7-10 Mechanical specifications of the UMG8900

Item Index

Cabinet dimensions

(height × width × depth)

2200 mm × 600 mm × 800 mm

Frame dimensions

(height × width × depth)

533.4 mm × 482.6 mm × 500 mm


Product Description


Item Index

Cabinet weight � N68-22 rack: about 95 kg

� Fully configured N68-22 cabinet: about 330 kg, including the

cabinet doors, three fully configured service frames, one PDF,

and other accessories

� N68E-22 rack: about 59 kg

� Fully configured N68E-22 cabinet: about 263.6 kg, including

the cabinet doors, three fully configured service frames, one

PDF, and other accessories

Frame weight � Empty SSM-256 frame: about 16 kg; fully configured

SSM-256 frame: 45 kg

� Empty SSM-32 frame: about 13 kg; fully configured SSM-32

frame: 40.2 kg

Bearing capacity > 600 kg/m2

7.2.3 Safety Specifications

The UMG8900 complies with IEC60950, EN60950, UL60950 and AS/NZS60950.

7.2.4 EMC

The UMG8900 complies with the following specifications:

� EN 55022 class A

� CISPR 22 class A

� ETSI EN 300 386

� VCCI V-3 class A

� ICES-003

� AS/NZS CISPR 22

� CNS 13438

� FCC PART 15 class A

� GB9254 class A

� ETSI ES 201468 level 2

7.3 Environmental Specifications

Environmental specifications involve:

� Running Conditions

� Storage Conditions

� Transportation Conditions

The UMG8900 complies with the following environment specifications:


Product Description


� ETS 300019 Equipment Engineering (EE); Environmental conditions and environmental

tests for telecommunications equipment

� IEC 60721 Classification of environmental conditions

7.3.1 Running Conditions

Climatic Conditions

The climatic conditions involve temperature, humidity, air pressure and altitude, as shown in

Table 7-11.

Table 7-11 Climatic conditions

Item Measurement Unit Index

Temperature Long-term running °C 0 to +45

Short-term running °C –5 to +55

Temperature

change degree °C/min < 0.55

Humidity Long-term running %RH 5 to 85

Short-term running %RH 5 to 95

Altitude m ≤ 4000

Wind speed m/s ≤ 5.0

Sun radiation W/m2 ≤ 700

Heat radiation W/m2 ≤ 600

IP level None IP22

NOTE

Before measuring temperature or humidity, make sure that the device has no protection cards around,

and the measure tools are 2 m above the floor and 0.4 m from the front rack of the device.

Short term refers to the continuous work time of no more than 96 hours at a time or 15 days accumulated

in a year.

Biological Conditions

No such microbe as fungi and mildew or rodent animals such as mouse exist.

Air Cleanness � No explosive, conductive, magnetizable or corrosive dusts exist.

� The density of mechanical active substances shall comply with the specifications of

Table 7-12.


Product Description


Table 7-12 Density of mechanical active substances

Item Unit Index

Suspended dust mg/m³ ≤ 1.5

Deposited dust mg/m²·h ≤ 0.2

Sand granule mg/m³ ≤ 30

NOTE

� Suspended dust: diameter ≤ 75 µm

� Deposited dust : 75 µm ≤ diameter ≤ 150 µm

� Sand granule: 150 µm ≤ diameter ≤ 1000 µm

� The density of chemical active substances shall comply with the specifications of Table

7-13.

Table 7-13 Density of chemical active substances

Item Unit Index

SO2 mg/m³ ≤ 1.50

H2S mg/m³ ≤ 0.03

HCl mg/m3 ≤ 0.5

NH3 mg/m³ ≤ 0.15

Cl2 mg/m³ ≤ 0.30

O3 mg/m3 ≤ 0.1

HF mg/m3 ≤ 0.03

NOx mg/m3 ≤ 1.0

Mechanical Stress

Mechanical stress must comply with Table 7-14.

Table 7-14 Mechanical stress

Item Sub-item Range

Sinusoidal

oscillation

Frequency 5 Hz to 9 Hz 9 Hz to 200 Hz

Amplitude ≤ 3.5 mm –

Peak acceleration – 1 g

Direction Three axial directions, six planes


Product Description


Item Sub-item Range

Times Plus or minus three times in each axial direction,

once in each plane

Percussion Percussion waveform Semisinusoidal wave

Peak acceleration 5 g

Pulse width 11 ms


Times Plus and minus three times in each axial

direction, once in each plane

NOTE

1 g equals 9.8 m/s².

7.3.2 Storage Conditions

The climatic conditions for storing the device include climatic and waterproof conditions.

Climatic Conditions

The climatic conditions are shown in Table 7-15.


Item Requirement

Altitude ≤ 5000 m

Temperature –40°C to +70°C

Temperature change degree ≤ 1°C/min

Relative humidity 10% to 100%

Sun radiation ≤ 1120 W/s²

Heat radiation ≤ 600 W/s²

Wind speed ≤ 30 m/s

Waterproof Conditions

Usually, the UMG8900 shall be stored indoor where no water gathers on the ground or drops

on the packing box. Therefore, the device shall be placed away from the fire protection and

heating establishments that may leak water.

If it is really necessary to place the UMG8900 outdoor, the following requirements must be

met:

� The packing box is intact.


Product Description


� Some measures are taken to prevent rain from through the packing box.

� The packing box is placed where no water is available.

� The packing box is placed where no direct sunshine is available.





Table 7-16.


Item Unit Index

Suspended dust mg/m³ ≤ 5.00



NOTE

Suspended dust: diameter ≤ 75 µm

Deposited dust: 75 µm ≤ ammeter ≤ 150 µm

Sand granule: 150 µm ≤ ammeter ≤ 1000 µm


7-17.


Item Unit Index

SO2 mg/m³ ≤ 0.30

H2S mg/m³ ≤ 0.10

NO2 mg/m³ ≤ 0.50

NH3 mg/m³ ≤ 1.00

Cl2 mg/m³ ≤ 0.10

HCl mg/m³ ≤ 0.10

HF mg/m³ ≤ 0.01

O3 mg/m³ ≤ 0.05


Product Description


Mechanical Stress

Mechanical stress for storing the device must comply with Table 7-18.

Table 7-18 Mechanical stress

Item Sub-item Range

Random

oscillation

(for duration

of 30 minutes

in each axial

direction)

Vertical 5 Hz to 10 Hz ASD: 13 m2/s

3

10 Hz to 200 Hz ASD: 3 m2/s

3

200 Hz to 500 Hz ASD: 1 m2/s

3

Landscape

orientation and

longitudinal


3


3

200 Hz to 500 Hz ASD: 0.3 m2/s

3

percussion Percussion

waveform

Semisinusoidal wave


Pulse width 6 ms


Times Plus and minus three times in each axial direction,

once in each plane

Collision Collision waveform Semisinusoidal wave


Pulse width 11 ms

Direction Six directions

Times 500 times in each direction

Free Fall Weight range ≤ 15 kg

Fall height 100 cm

Plane Six planes

Times Once in each plane

NOTE

ASD: acceleration spectrum density


Product Description


7.3.3 Transportation Conditions

Climatic Conditions

The climatic conditions for transporting the device are described in Table 7-19.


Item Requirement

Altitude ≤ 5000 m

Temperature –40°C to +70°C

Temperature change degree ≤ 1°C /min

Relative humidity 5% to 100%

Sun radiation ≤ 1120 W/s²

Heat radiation ≤ 600 W/s²

Wind speed ≤ 20 m/s

Waterproof Conditions

During device transport, the following requirements must be met:

� The packing box is intact.

� Some measures are taken to prevent rain from into the packing box.

� No water exists in the transport vehicle.





Table 7-20.


Item Unit Index

Suspended dust mg/m³ None




Product Description


Item Unit Index

NOTE

Suspended dust: diameter ≤ 75 µm

Deposited dust: 75 µm ≤ diameter ≤ 150 µm

Sand granule: 150 µm ≤ diameter ≤ 1000 µm


7-21.


Item Unit Index

SO2 mg/m³ ≤ 0.30

H2S mg/m³ ≤ 0.10

NO2 mg/m³ ≤ 0.50

NH3 mg/m³ ≤ 1.00

Cl2 mg/m³ ≤ 0.10

HCl mg/m³ ≤ 0.10

HF mg/m³ ≤ 0.01

O3 mg/m³ ≤ 0.05

Mechanical Stress

The mechanical stress of transportation conditions is the same as that of the storage conditions.


Product Description


8 Installation

About This Chapter


Title Description

8.1 System Installation Describes the installation procedure of the UMG8900

8.2 System Expansion and

Upgrade

Describes the expansion and upgrade procedure of the

UMG8900


Product Description


8.1 System Installation

The UMG8900 system is assembled in the factory. Before delivery, all internal cables of

cabinets are connected and the system is pre-commissioned based on the site conditions.

The UMG8900 supports the transportation with boards inserted. On site, engineers only need

to install cabinets and connect external cables according to the instructions in the hardware

installation manual.

All internal cables of the UMG8900 are present at the rear of the cabinet. Boards can be

inserted and removed easily from the front.

Interfaces for external cables, such as power cables, transmission cables and signal cables, are

on the top of the cabinet with remarkable silk-screen marks.

Before delivery, the software of the UMG8900 is installed and parameters are set based on

site configuration. After the hardware is installed, the system is ready to operate upon

power-on.

All these efforts save installation time on site, enabling operators to build networks and to

deliver services relatively quickly.

8.2 System Expansion and Upgrade

As the service traffic grows, the UMG8900 may require capacity expansion. For smooth

expansion of small capacity, you only need to insert new service processing boards or

interfaces in the existing cabinet without adding new cabinets.

The UMG8900 supports the cascading function. If the current frames cannot meet the

capacity requirements, you can add new frames to carry out smooth capacity expansion. The

UMG8900 supports cascading of up to 29 frames. Externally, the whole UMG8900 is a

network element, and operation and maintenance on the UMG8900 can be achieved through

only one operating terminal.

The UMG8900 offers a powerful software upgrade tool. This tool collects upgrade

information and compares the difference between versions before and after upgrade for update

of configuration files. The UMG8900 also supports rollback in case of upgrade failure to meet

service security requirements in emergency cases.


Product Description


A Acronyms and Abbreviations

A

AMR Adaptive Multi-Rate

ATM Asynchronous Transfer Mode

B

BAM Back Administration Module

BITS Building Integrated Timing Supply

BSC Base Station Controller

BSP Board Support Package

C

CAN Control Area Network

CLK CLK Card

CNo.1 China No.1

CPU Center Processing Unit

D

DC Direct Current; Dual Audio Channel

DDS Direct Digital Synthesis

DOPRA Distributed Object-oriented Programmable Real-time Architecture

DSS1 Digital Subscriber Signaling No.1

DTMF Dual Tone Multi Frequency


Product Description


E

EEPROM Electric Erasure Program Read Only Memory

eLDA enhanced Location Dependent Addressing

eMLPP enhanced Multi Level Precedence and Preemption

F

FAM Front Administration Module

FE Fast Ethernet

FLASH FLASH memory

FSK Frequency Shift Keying

FTP File Transfer Protocol

G

GE Gigabit Ethernet

GLONASS Global Navigation Satellite System

GPS Global Positioning System

GMSC Gateway Mobile Switching Center

GSM Global System for Mobile Communications

GSM-R GSM for Railway

H

HW Highway

I

IEC297 International Electrotechnical Commission 297

IP Intelligent Peripherals

ITU-T International Telecommunication Union - Telecommunication Standardization Sector

IUA ISDN Q.921-User Adaptation Layer

IWF Interworking Function

L

LAN Local Area Network

LAPV5 Link Access Procedure V5


Product Description


LE Local Exchange

LMT Local Maintenance Terminal

M

M2UA MTP2 User Adaptation layer

M3UA MTP3 User Adaptation layer

MAC Media Access Control

MBus Maintenance Bus

MGC Media Gateway Controller

MML Man-Machine Language

MTIE Maximum Time Interval Error

MSC Mobile Switching Center

MSC server Mobile Switching Center server

MTP1 Message Transfer Part layer 1



N

NE Network Element

NMS Network Management System

O

OMC Operation & Maintenance Center

P

PC Personal Computer

PCB Printed Circuit Board

PPP Point-to-Point Protocol

PSTN Public Switched Telephone Network

R

RTOS Real-Time Operating System(s)

RTP Real Time Protocol


Product Description


S

SCTP Stream Control Transmission Protocol

SDH Synchronous Digital Hierarchy

SG Signaling Gateway

SIGTRAN Signaling Transport

SS7 CCITT Signaling System No.7

SSM Synchronization Status Message

SSMB Synchronization Status Message Bit

STM-1 Synchronous Transport Mode-1

STM-N Synchronous Transport Mode-N

T

TCP Transfer Control Protocol

TDM Time Division Multiplex(ing)

U

UAM User Access Module

UDP User Datagram Protocol

UI User Interface

UMG Universal Media Gateway

V

VBS Voice Broadcast Service

VGCS Voice Group Call Service

VLR Visitor Location Register

VRP Versatile Routing Platform

VMSC Visited Mobile Switching Center, Visited MSC

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