Growth and Development Dr. Randy Harp. Growth: Growth is an increase in mass –Tissues Bone...
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Transcript of Growth and Development Dr. Randy Harp. Growth: Growth is an increase in mass –Tissues Bone...
![Page 1: Growth and Development Dr. Randy Harp. Growth: Growth is an increase in mass –Tissues Bone Internal organs Muscle Fat True Growth??](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062417/551a3ff15503463e778b4edf/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Growth and Development
Dr. Randy Harp
![Page 2: Growth and Development Dr. Randy Harp. Growth: Growth is an increase in mass –Tissues Bone Internal organs Muscle Fat True Growth??](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062417/551a3ff15503463e778b4edf/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Growth:
• Growth is an increase in mass– Tissues
• Bone• Internal organs• Muscle• Fat
• True Growth??
![Page 3: Growth and Development Dr. Randy Harp. Growth: Growth is an increase in mass –Tissues Bone Internal organs Muscle Fat True Growth??](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062417/551a3ff15503463e778b4edf/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Growth:
• Growth is an increase in mass– Tissues
• Bone• Internal organs• Muscle• Fat
• True Growth?Everything except Fat
![Page 4: Growth and Development Dr. Randy Harp. Growth: Growth is an increase in mass –Tissues Bone Internal organs Muscle Fat True Growth??](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062417/551a3ff15503463e778b4edf/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Normal Postnatal Growth Curves of Bone, Muscle, and Fata
GrowthUnits
Time Units
a Adapted from Boggs, et al, 1998
Bone
Fat
Muscle
Birth
Maturity
![Page 5: Growth and Development Dr. Randy Harp. Growth: Growth is an increase in mass –Tissues Bone Internal organs Muscle Fat True Growth??](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062417/551a3ff15503463e778b4edf/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Normal Growth Curve of Cattlea
GrowthUnits
Time Unitsa Adapted from Berg & Butterfield, 1976
Birth
Maturity
900 lbs
1100 lbs
1400 lbs
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Age:
1) Physiological Age
1) Chronological Age
![Page 8: Growth and Development Dr. Randy Harp. Growth: Growth is an increase in mass –Tissues Bone Internal organs Muscle Fat True Growth??](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062417/551a3ff15503463e778b4edf/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Age:
1) Physiological AgeDevelopment of the animal relative to maturity
1) Chronological AgeActual Age in days
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Fat Tissue Depots:
1) Subcutaneous Fat
2) Internal Fat
3) Intermuscular Fat
4) Intramuscular Fat
![Page 10: Growth and Development Dr. Randy Harp. Growth: Growth is an increase in mass –Tissues Bone Internal organs Muscle Fat True Growth??](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062417/551a3ff15503463e778b4edf/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Fat Tissue Depots: (order)
1) Subcutaneous Fat ~ Backfat (3rd)
2) Internal Fat ~ KPH (1st)
3) Intermuscular Fat ~ Seam fat (2nd)
4) Intramuscular Fat ~ Marbling (4th)
![Page 11: Growth and Development Dr. Randy Harp. Growth: Growth is an increase in mass –Tissues Bone Internal organs Muscle Fat True Growth??](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062417/551a3ff15503463e778b4edf/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Normal Postnatal Growth Curves of Bone, Muscle, and Fata
GrowthUnits
Time Units
a Adapted from Boggs, et al, 1998
Bone
Fat
Muscle
Birth
MaturityMarbling
![Page 12: Growth and Development Dr. Randy Harp. Growth: Growth is an increase in mass –Tissues Bone Internal organs Muscle Fat True Growth??](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062417/551a3ff15503463e778b4edf/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Visual Indicators of Finish
![Page 13: Growth and Development Dr. Randy Harp. Growth: Growth is an increase in mass –Tissues Bone Internal organs Muscle Fat True Growth??](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062417/551a3ff15503463e778b4edf/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Visual Indicators of Finish
![Page 14: Growth and Development Dr. Randy Harp. Growth: Growth is an increase in mass –Tissues Bone Internal organs Muscle Fat True Growth??](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062417/551a3ff15503463e778b4edf/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Visual Indicators of Finish
BF .70REA 13.5
YG 3.3
BF 1.50REA 10.6
YG 6.0
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Visual Indicators of Finish
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Types of Growth:
1) HyperplasiaIncrease in cell number
Occurs during Prenatal growth
Research indicates that cell number is set
2) HypertrophyIncrease in cell size after birth
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Benefits to altering growth:
1) Increase in the amount of product to sell
2) Change composition of saleable product
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Methods to alter growth:
1) NaturalA) Genetics
British vs European/Continental Breeds
British ~ “Maternal”
Earlier rate of maturity
Less muscle more fat
Continental ~ “Growth and Carcass” “Terminal”
Later rate of maturity
More muscle less fat
F1 Progeny Heterosis
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Factors Affecting Growth:
1) Natural B) Nutrition:
1. Types of growing/finishing cattle
a. Grass Cattle - growing
b. Finishing- growing/fattening
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Methods to alter growth:1)
2) Adminstered ~ Growth Promoting Agents
A) Implants
- Made of naturally occurring hormones
- Estrogen, Progesterone
Ralgro, Synovex, etc.
- Synthetics Trenbolone Acetate (TBA)
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What Implants do:
1) Improved Feed Efficiency
2) Increased Average Daily Gain
3) Increased Dry Matter Intake
4) Increase in Body Mass
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What Implants do:
1) Improved Feed Efficiency 15%
2) Increased Average Daily Gain 10%
3) Increased Dry Matter Intake 5-10%
4) Increase in Body Mass 15-20%
Efficiencies and increase in wt gain can result in
50 -150 dollars advantage over non-implanted
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Methods to alter growth:1)
2) Administered ~ Growth Promoting Agents
A) Implants
B) Beta Agonists
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Beta Agonists:
Ractopamine HCl -
Cattle ~ OptaflexFed last 28-42 days 100 – 300 mg / dayImprovement: 1) Performance
F/G, ADG same DMI 2) Dressing Percent 3) Carcass wt 4) No adverse affect on
Marbling 5) Tenderness affected at 300 mg
Zilpaterol HCl –6.8 g/ton to provide 60-90 mg/hd/dayFed as Showmaxx via layman ORFed in feedlots in concentrate form supervised by a DVM