Growing Fall Tomatoes By Dianne Norman for Wabash Antiques & Feed.
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Transcript of Growing Fall Tomatoes By Dianne Norman for Wabash Antiques & Feed.
Growing Fall TomatoesGrowing Fall Tomatoes
By Dianne Norman for Wabash Antiques & FeedBy Dianne Norman for Wabash Antiques & Feed
Presentation Outline Presentation Outline
• Materials Materials
• LocationLocation
• Raised BedsRaised Beds
• ContainersContainers
• Soil & CompostSoil & Compost
• WaterWater
• Varieties of TomatoesVarieties of Tomatoes
Initial Materials Needed Initial Materials Needed Amendments
• Humic Acid (granular)Humic Acid (granular)• Flower & garden Bed soilFlower & garden Bed soil• Leaf Mold CompostLeaf Mold Compost• Composted manureComposted manure• MicroLife 6-2-4MicroLife 6-2-4• Dry MolassesDry Molasses• Super SeaweedSuper Seaweed• Minerals Plus (once every Minerals Plus (once every
3 years)3 years)
Tools & Materials
• ShovelShovel• Garden rakeGarden rake• Stirrup hoe for weedsStirrup hoe for weeds• WheelbarrowWheelbarrow• Hose and or drip lineHose and or drip line• GlovesGloves• Cinder blocks or other.Cinder blocks or other.
LocationLocation
• Close to house if possible.Close to house if possible.
• Availability of water.Availability of water.
• At least 5-6 hours of sunshine.At least 5-6 hours of sunshine.
• Good drainage.Good drainage.
• Check pH of soil.Check pH of soil.
• Soil test if neededSoil test if needed
Benefits of a Raised BedBenefits of a Raised Bed
• Easier to weed Easier to weed
• No tilling required (no soil compaction from No tilling required (no soil compaction from stepping on the soilstepping on the soil
• Easier to work (no bending over) Easier to work (no bending over)
• Build your own soil Build your own soil
• Warms earlier in the spring and stays Warms earlier in the spring and stays warmer in the fall warmer in the fall
Raised BedsRaised Beds1. Get a soil test
2. Clear area for measuring.
3. Place newspapers.
4. Or remove any grass
5. Apply Humate & Dry Molasses to soil.
Bed MeasurementsBed Measurements
• Must be a comfortable size
• Easy access from both sides of the bed
• Raised bed 8’’ to 12’’
• Constructed with durable products
• Location with available sunshine
Construction MaterialConstruction Material
BrickBrick Wood
PlasticPlastic
Hay BalesHay BalesCinder BlocksCinder Blocks
Benefits of Cinder Block BedBenefits of Cinder Block Bed
• They provide a nice, wide platform that you They provide a nice, wide platform that you can sit on to plant, weed and water. can sit on to plant, weed and water.
• No drilling or screwing required, just drop No drilling or screwing required, just drop into place. into place.
• Easily adaptable to form hoop houses, Easily adaptable to form hoop houses, screen plants, screen plants,
• Blocks are surprisingly easy to salvage Blocks are surprisingly easy to salvage from random places: vacant lots, behind barns, from random places: vacant lots, behind barns, and wherever else. and wherever else.
ContainersContainers
Earth BoxEarth Box
Modular, self-watering planters, such as Modular, self-watering planters, such as The Terrazzo line The Terrazzo line
of Planters, & earthbox.com of Planters, & earthbox.com have special reservoirs that have special reservoirs that
help reduce watering chores. Plants can draw moisture help reduce watering chores. Plants can draw moisture
from the reservoir whenever they need it. from the reservoir whenever they need it.
Stock TanksStock Tanks
Poly Stock TanksPoly Stock Tanks
Galvanized Stock TanksGalvanized Stock Tanks
Stock TanksStock Tanks
Not just tomatoes, Not just tomatoes,
but also squash, cucumbers, peppers, etc... recommend but also squash, cucumbers, peppers, etc... recommend
container size as big as 15 gal., especially for tomatoes. container size as big as 15 gal., especially for tomatoes.
Soil & AmendmentsSoil & Amendments
COMPOSTCOMPOST
Selecting CompostSelecting Compost
Thoroughly Composted Material OnlyThoroughly Composted Material Only•Kitchen scrapesKitchen scrapes
•Leaf Mold CompostLeaf Mold Compost
•Composted cow manureComposted cow manure
•Composted horse manureComposted horse manure
•Composted cotton burComposted cotton bur
•Composted chicken manureComposted chicken manure
•Rabbit manure (does not need to beRabbit manure (does not need to be composted)composted)
Selecting SoilSelecting Soil
• Native soil can be amended with
Humic Acid, Dry Molasses and Compost.
• Select soil from reputable companies.
• Do not purchase soils containing raw
Pieces of wood (un-composted material.)
Using this would result in rootsUsing this would result in roots dying from tannic acid as the raw wooddying from tannic acid as the raw wood breaks down.breaks down.
Soil & CompostSoil & Compost
““How much soil or amendments you need.How much soil or amendments you need.
Multiply the length of the area in feet times the width of the
area in feet times the depth (height) of the area in inches,
then divide the total by 324 to find how many cubic yards
of material.
FormulaFormula
• # of cubic yards = length x width x depth (height) “ / 324.
• Average soil depth measurements if beds will be higher
in the middle with sloping sides.
Soil PreparationSoil Preparation
• Add 1/3 compost to the volume of soilAdd 1/3 compost to the volume of soil
adds live microbes.adds live microbes.
• Add dry molasses to multiply beneficialsAdd dry molasses to multiply beneficials
• Humic Acid (granular) to break up clay.Humic Acid (granular) to break up clay.
• Add Minerals Plus (micro nutrients) Add Minerals Plus (micro nutrients)
• Organic fertilizers (to feed microbes).Organic fertilizers (to feed microbes).
WaterWater
• Well water (can be tested for salinity)Well water (can be tested for salinity)
• ChloraminesChloramines are now added to city water. are now added to city water.
• For watering plants, to counter act chloramines.For watering plants, to counter act chloramines.
add add Humic AcidHumic Acid to water just to water just
enough to tint the water.enough to tint the water.
Humic AcidHumic Acid
What does Humic Acid do?Plant bio-stimulantsPlant bio-stimulants are materials that promote plant are materials that promote plant
growth. The importance of bio-stimulants lies in their growth. The importance of bio-stimulants lies in their
ability to promote hormonal activity in plants. Plant ability to promote hormonal activity in plants. Plant
hormones are chemical communicators, or agents, which hormones are chemical communicators, or agents, which
help regulate a plants development and its response to its help regulate a plants development and its response to its
surrounding environment. surrounding environment.
Tomato VarietiesTomato Varieties
• Indeterminate or DeterminateIndeterminate or Determinate
• For ContainersFor Containers
• HeirloomsHeirlooms
• Heat ResistantHeat Resistant
• NEW - Grafted TomatoesNEW - Grafted Tomatoes
Determinate TomatoesDeterminate Tomatoes
Tomato plants generally fall into two categories: Tomato plants generally fall into two categories:
determinate and indeterminate. Determinate determinate and indeterminate. Determinate
(bush) tomato plants are bred to stop growing (bush) tomato plants are bred to stop growing
usually somewhere around 3'-4' feet tall. When usually somewhere around 3'-4' feet tall. When
flower blossoms at the tips of the branches, the flower blossoms at the tips of the branches, the
plant has reached its full height. The fruit of a plant has reached its full height. The fruit of a
determinate tomato plant ripens all at once. Since determinate tomato plant ripens all at once. Since
many determinate plants stay on the short side, many determinate plants stay on the short side,
they can also be ideal for the small-space they can also be ideal for the small-space
gardener.gardener.
Indeterminate TomatoesIndeterminate Tomatoes
Indeterminate tomatoes continue to grow Indeterminate tomatoes continue to grow
for what seems like indefinitely. for what seems like indefinitely.
Depending on the variety, they can grow Depending on the variety, they can grow
from 6'-20' tall. This type continues to from 6'-20' tall. This type continues to
produce tomatoes all growing season produce tomatoes all growing season
until a hard frost hits and stops them in until a hard frost hits and stops them in
their tracks. their tracks.
Fall Tomatoes For ContainersFall Tomatoes For Containers
A wonderful, compact and prolific, A wonderful, compact and prolific,
short bushy plant that short bushy plant that grows to 3 grows to 3
feet, feet, yields huge amounts of very yields huge amounts of very
early producing 8 oz. beefsteak early producing 8 oz. beefsteak
tomatoes in clusters. A very tomatoes in clusters. A very
popular variety for shorter growing popular variety for shorter growing
regions.regions.
* 62 days* 62 days
* Determinate* Determinate
* Early Season* Early Season
Bush BeefsteakBush Beefsteak
Fall Tomatoes For ContainersFall Tomatoes For ContainersPrincipe Borghese Heirloom Principe Borghese Heirloom Italian heirloom. Short determinate plants Italian heirloom. Short determinate plants
that prolifically yield big clusters of 1-2 oz. that prolifically yield big clusters of 1-2 oz.
red, plum shaped, crack-resistant paste red, plum shaped, crack-resistant paste
tomatoes that are a great substitute for tomatoes that are a great substitute for
Roma tomatoes. Tomatoes are prized for Roma tomatoes. Tomatoes are prized for
drying because they retain more flavor than drying because they retain more flavor than
most other drying varieties. A great sauce most other drying varieties. A great sauce
tomato or eating fresh in salads or canning.tomato or eating fresh in salads or canning.
Days: 78Days: 78
Size: DeterminateSize: Determinate
Color: RedColor: Red
Season: Mid-SeasonSeason: Mid-Season
Type: HeirloomType: Heirloom
Fall Tomatoes For ContainersFall Tomatoes For ContainersBlack Sea Man (Heirloom)Black Sea Man (Heirloom)
Days: 75Days: 75
Size: DeterminateSize: Determinate
Color: Purple-BlackColor: Purple-Black
Season: Mid-SeasonSeason: Mid-Season
Type: HeirloomType: Heirloom
Potato-leaf plants that yields 12-16 ounce Potato-leaf plants that yields 12-16 ounce
tomatoes that are rich mahogany colored tomatoes that are rich mahogany colored
with olive green shoulders when mature. with olive green shoulders when mature.
Inside of tomato is deep, reddish green and Inside of tomato is deep, reddish green and
loaded with excellent, full-bodied, complex, loaded with excellent, full-bodied, complex,
tomato flavors. Outstanding tomato for tomato flavors. Outstanding tomato for
sandwiches and salads. This heirloom sandwiches and salads. This heirloom
tomato does well growing in mid-sized tomato does well growing in mid-sized
containers.containers. A A great early black tomatogreat early black tomato..
Fall Tomatoes For ContainersFall Tomatoes For ContainersBetter Bush (Hybrid)Better Bush (Hybrid)
Days To Maturity 68 Days To Maturity 68 Resistance Fusarium Wilt Resistance Fusarium Wilt Race 1, Verticillium WiltRace 1, Verticillium Wilt
Uses Beds, Cuisine, Outdoor, ContainersUses Beds, Cuisine, Outdoor, Containers
These big, luscious, 4-inch fruits These big, luscious, 4-inch fruits
grow very densely on grow very densely on indeterminate indeterminate
4-foot plants, 4-foot plants, thanks to shorter thanks to shorter
internodes. The central stem rarely internodes. The central stem rarely
needs staking (except during those needs staking (except during those
"bumper crop" times!), "bumper crop" times!),
Fall Tomatoes For ContainersFall Tomatoes For ContainersDwarf Champion (Indeterminate TypeDwarf Champion (Indeterminate Type))
Absolute perfect balance in the Absolute perfect balance in the
taste. Rugose leafed, tree-like, taste. Rugose leafed, tree-like,
and about 4 feet tall. Slightly and about 4 feet tall. Slightly
oblate fruits are pink and averaged oblate fruits are pink and averaged
aboutabout
3 1/2 ozs. 69 days3 1/2 ozs. 69 days
Fall Tomatoes Fall Tomatoes
• Anna RussianAnna Russian• Black CherryBlack Cherry• Black Krim (black)Black Krim (black)• CarbonCarbon• Oaxacan JewelOaxacan Jewel• Paul RobesonPaul Robeson• Pantano RomanescoPantano Romanesco• Lollypop (cherry)Lollypop (cherry)• Yellow Pear (cherry)Yellow Pear (cherry)
HEIRLOOMHEIRLOOM HybridHybrid• CelebrityCelebrity• Early GirlEarly Girl• Homestead 24Homestead 24• Roma (paste)Roma (paste)• Sungold (cherry)Sungold (cherry)
NEW – Grafted Tomatoes NEW – Grafted Tomatoes
MIGHTY MATO’SMIGHTY MATO’S
Why Grafted Tomatoes ?Why Grafted Tomatoes ?
These tomatoes are grafted to hardy, disease resistant These tomatoes are grafted to hardy, disease resistant
rootstock that affords vim and vigor to these tasty fruits.rootstock that affords vim and vigor to these tasty fruits.
Stronger, faster and more resiliant, these grafted Stronger, faster and more resiliant, these grafted
tomatoes use food and water more efficiently making for tomatoes use food and water more efficiently making for
healthier, tastier, more productive plants!healthier, tastier, more productive plants!
Grafted TomatoesGrafted Tomatoes
IMPORTANT: IMPORTANT:
When planting to the garden When planting to the garden DO NOT PLANT GRAFT BELOWDO NOT PLANT GRAFT BELOW THE GROUND. THE GROUND.
Otherwise you may lose the rootstock and the Otherwise you may lose the rootstock and the disease resistant qualities.disease resistant qualities.
List of Grafted TomatoesList of Grafted Tomatoes
1. 1. Big Beef: Big Beef: Red globed-shaped 1 lb. fruits have the perfect balance ofRed globed-shaped 1 lb. fruits have the perfect balance of sweetness and acidity sweetness and acidity DAYS: 70-75 DAYS: 70-75
2. 2. Carmello: Carmello: Red crack-resistance variety with delicious balance of sugar Red crack-resistance variety with delicious balance of sugar and acid. Productive even in cooler temps. and acid. Productive even in cooler temps. DAYS: 75DAYS: 75
3. 3. Heatwave ll: Heatwave ll: Round red 7 oz. fruits on disease-resistant, heat tolerantRound red 7 oz. fruits on disease-resistant, heat tolerant abundant-yield plant. abundant-yield plant. DAYS: 68DAYS: 68
4. 4. Early Girl: Early Girl: BrightBright red 4 to 6 oz. fruits. Early, dependable and flavorfulred 4 to 6 oz. fruits. Early, dependable and flavorful fruit. fruit. DAYS: 50-60DAYS: 50-60
List of Grafted TomatoesList of Grafted Tomatoes
7. 7. Black Krim: Black Krim: Violet-red 4” to 5” inch fruit withnear black Violet-red 4” to 5” inch fruit withnear black shoulders have intense, smoky flavor. shoulders have intense, smoky flavor. DAYS: 70- 80DAYS: 70- 80
6. 6. Ledgend: Ledgend: Round 3” to 4” fruits with good balance of sweet and acidRound 3” to 4” fruits with good balance of sweet and acid flavor ripen early on cold tolerant plants. flavor ripen early on cold tolerant plants. DAYS: 80DAYS: 80
5. 5. Homestead: Homestead: 8 oz. red fruit are very smooth and uniform with good8 oz. red fruit are very smooth and uniform with good flavor. Compact and heat tolerant flavor. Compact and heat tolerant DAYS: 80DAYS: 80
8. 8. Mortgage Lifter: Mortgage Lifter: Violet-red 4” to 5” inch fruit withnear black Violet-red 4” to 5” inch fruit withnear black shoulders have intense, smoky flavor. shoulders have intense, smoky flavor. DAYS: 85- 95DAYS: 85- 95
Shade Cloth ProtectionShade Cloth Protection
www.cloudtops.com
To protect tender seedlingsTo protect tender seedlingsFrom bright sun.From bright sun.
Keeps area cooler under Keeps area cooler under shade cloth.shade cloth.
30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90%30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90%
Choosing Adequate Shade ClothChoosing Adequate Shade Cloth
30% shade cloth can help the tomatoes produce 30% shade cloth can help the tomatoes produce
longer into the summer and come into the fall production longer into the summer and come into the fall production
time much healthier. time much healthier.
INFORMATION
Websites•www.wabashfeed.com•www.urbanharvest.org•www.texasplantandsoillab.com•www.sanjacorganic.com•www.natureswayresources.com•www.greenmamma.org•www.gardeningknowhow.com•http://www.suite101.com/content/organic-straw-bale-gardening-a85982
Any Questions?
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