Group Three Andrew Elges, Alex Fairall, and Surria Drahozal

Hominidae- The Great Apes

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Hominidae.PNGhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Gorilla_gorilla11.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Schimpanse_zoo-leipig.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Bonobo-04.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Pongo_pygmaeus_(orangutang).jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Vitruvian.jpg

Hominidae- The Great Apes

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Hominidae.PNG

“Lucy”

Australopithecus afarensis 3-3.8 million years

ago Extinct hominid Woodland ape Bipedal Chimp-like head

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:A.afarensis.jpg

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Lucy_blackbg.jpg

Sibley and Ahlquist- 1984

Charles Gald Sibley and Jon Edward Ahlquist Molecular biologists at Yale

1984 DNA tests Proof that the Genus Homo was most

similar to the Genus Pan Also provided support that the great apes

shared a common ancestor 5-7 million years ago

Similarities to Humans

Chimpanzees most like humans Use of tools and other implements Omnivorous diet Patrilineal, male-bonded communities Patterns of violent behavior

New Discovery

Intraspecific killing- a strictly human behavior? Research in the 1960s-70s proved otherwise

Gombe National Park, Tanzania a.k.a. Kasekela Jane Goodall’s Chimpanzees 1974- First chimp raid recorded by humans

Raid resulted in a death First recorded observations of

intentional intraspecific killing in a non-human species

Some females participated and benefitted from the violent behaviors

Some Observations

Orangutans Least social of the apes Rape- a common occurrence

Reproductive tactic Male mechanism for control

Gorillas Relatively small, stable social groups Infanticide

37% of infant deaths Show of strength and superiority

Bonobos Large, stable social groups Relatively peaceful and calm

Chimpanzees Highly intricate social groups, relatively large communities Battering

Males beat females to show dominance Form of sexual coercion

Demonic Males

Humans, chimpanzees, gorillas, and orangutans are all demonic male species Capable of committing occasional acts of violence

to acquire and maintain access to females BUT! Violence not central to daily life

Evolution seems to have favored demonic males They have been better able to acquire resources

and females Strategy to preserve genetic lineage

Females have evolved to prefer demonic males Defense of community and resources