Group five Group five Alex BillmanAlex Billman

Jawoin WilliamsJawoin WilliamsThat one persons name ???That one persons name ???

The Blossoming of a National The Blossoming of a National LiteratureLiterature Literature was imported or plagiarized Literature was imported or plagiarized

from England from England Americans poured literature into practical Americans poured literature into practical outlets (i.e. The Federalist Papers, outlets (i.e. The Federalist Papers, Common Sense (Paine), Ben Franklin’s Common Sense (Paine), Ben Franklin’s Autobiography, Poor Richard’s Almanac) Autobiography, Poor Richard’s Almanac) The Knickerbockers group in NY wrote The Knickerbockers group in NY wrote the first truly American literature the first truly American literature         Washington Irving (1783-1859) - 1st Washington Irving (1783-1859) - 1st U.S. internationally recognized writings, U.S. internationally recognized writings, The Sketch BookThe Sketch Book       James Fennimore Cooper (1789-1851) - James Fennimore Cooper (1789-1851) - 1st US novelist, 1st US novelist, The Leather stocking The Leather stocking TalesTales (which included (which included The Last of the The Last of the MohicansMohicans which was popular in Europe) which was popular in Europe) Washington Ivring

Trumpeters of Trumpeters of TranscendentalismTranscendentalism

Literature dawned in the 2nd quarter of Literature dawned in the 2nd quarter of 19th century with the transcendentalist 19th century with the transcendentalist movement (circa 1830) movement (circa 1830) transcendentalism clashed with John transcendentalism clashed with John Locke (who argued knowledge came from Locke (who argued knowledge came from reason); for transcendentalists, truth reason); for transcendentalists, truth came not by observation alone, from with came not by observation alone, from with inner light inner light Ralph Waldo EmersonRalph Waldo Emerson was popular was popular since the ideal of the essay reflected the since the ideal of the essay reflected the spirit of the U.S. spirit of the U.S.             he lectured the Phi Beta Kappa he lectured the Phi Beta Kappa Address “The American Scholar” Address “The American Scholar” He also wrote He also wrote On the Duty of Civil On the Duty of Civil DisobedienceDisobedience, which was idealistic in , which was idealistic in thought, and a forerunner of Gandhi and thought, and a forerunner of Gandhi and then Martin Luther King Jr., saying it is then Martin Luther King Jr., saying it is not wrong to disobey a wrong law not wrong to disobey a wrong law Walt WhitmanWalt Whitman wrote wrote Leaves of GrassLeaves of Grass (poetry) and was “Poet Laureate of (poetry) and was “Poet Laureate of Democracy” Democracy”

Ralph Waldo Emerson

Non-transcendental LiteratureNon-transcendental LiteratureProfessor Henry Professor Henry

Wadsworth LongfellowWadsworth Longfellow Harvard teacherHarvard teacher Lived serene life except Lived serene life except

death of two wivesdeath of two wives Appealed to less cultured Appealed to less cultured

massesmasses Themes from EuropeThemes from Europe Inducted into the Poet’s Inducted into the Poet’s

Corner of Westminster Corner of Westminster AbbeyAbbey

Poems: “Evangeline”, “The Poems: “Evangeline”, “The Song of Hiawatha”, “The Song of Hiawatha”, “The Courtship of Miles Standish”Courtship of Miles Standish”

Professor Henry Wadsworth Professor Henry Wadsworth LongfellowLongfellow

Non-transcendental LiteratureNon-transcendental LiteratureProfessor James Professor James

Russell LowellRussell Lowell Harvard teacherHarvard teacher Distinguished Distinguished

essayist, literary essayist, literary critic, editor, mad critic, editor, mad diplomatdiplomat

Biglow Papers: Biglow Papers: political satires of political satires of the Mexican war the Mexican war and condemned and condemned slavery-expansionslavery-expansion

Professor James Russell LowellProfessor James Russell Lowell

Non-transcendental LiteratureNon-transcendental Literature Louisa May AlcottLouisa May Alcott From Concord, Mass.From Concord, Mass. Supported her family Supported her family

because her father didn’tbecause her father didn’t Little WomenLittle Women Emily DickinsonEmily Dickinson From Amherst, Mass.From Amherst, Mass. Lived as a recluse poetLived as a recluse poet Themes of nature, love, Themes of nature, love,

death, and immortality death, and immortality Poems published when Poems published when

she diedshe died

•Louisa May Alcott

Non-transcendental LiteratureNon-transcendental LiteratureWilliam Gilmore SimmsWilliam Gilmore Simms From the SouthFrom the South Called the “Cooper of the Called the “Cooper of the

South”South” Wrote 82 booksWrote 82 books Themes of southern frontier in Themes of southern frontier in

the colonial period and the the colonial period and the Revolutionary eraRevolutionary era

Edgar Allen PoeEdgar Allen Poe Orphaned who ended up writing Orphaned who ended up writing

after a failed suicide attemptafter a failed suicide attempt Reflected the morbid sensibility Reflected the morbid sensibility

of lifeof life Prized in Europe more than Prized in Europe more than

AmericaAmerica Poems and short stories: “The Poems and short stories: “The

Raven”, “The Gold Bug”, “The Raven”, “The Gold Bug”, “The Fall of the House of Usher”Fall of the House of Usher”

Edgar Allen Poe

Nathaniel HawthorneNathaniel Hawthorne Salem, Mass. Salem, Mass. He rejected Puritan idealsHe rejected Puritan ideals Showed the struggle between Showed the struggle between

good and evilgood and evil The Scarlet Letter and The The Scarlet Letter and The

Marble FarmMarble FarmHerman MelvilleHerman Melville Orphaned whalerOrphaned whaler Moby Dick: complex allegory Moby Dick: complex allegory

of good and evilof good and evil Book was ignored at Book was ignored at

publication publication Became popular in the 20th Became popular in the 20th

centurycentury

The dawn of scientific achievementThe dawn of scientific achievement

Jefferson Jefferson was an was an amateur inventor and amateur inventor and won a medal for the won a medal for the new type of plow he new type of plow he had inventedhad invented

Borrowed and Borrowed and adapted European adapted European ideasideas

Benjamin sillimanBenjamin silliman (1810- 1888)(1810- 1888)

Chemist and geologist Chemist and geologist Taught at YaleTaught at Yale

medicinemedicine Primitive methods , despite Primitive methods , despite

the growth of medical the growth of medical school ( bleeding method)school ( bleeding method)

Illnesses resulted from Illnesses resulted from improper diet , hurried improper diet , hurried eating, perspiring and eating, perspiring and cooling off to quickly and cooling off to quickly and also unknown germs.also unknown germs.

Short life expectancyShort life expectancy No painkiller during surgery No painkiller during surgery

Early 1840’s doctors and Early 1840’s doctors and

dentists employed laughing dentists employed laughing gas as a anestheticgas as a anesthetic

Artistic achievemntsArtistic achievemnts Many of the common Many of the common

builings followed builings followed european modelseuropean models

Public and important Public and important structures followed structures followed greek and roman greek and roman structuresstructures

Jefferson was one the Jefferson was one the greatest architects of greatest architects of his time – his time – monticellomonticello and and the university the university of virginiaof virginia

paintingpainting Small amounts of money Small amounts of money

for masterpieces slowed for masterpieces slowed the production of artworkthe production of artwork

Suffered puritan prejudice Suffered puritan prejudice that art was a waste of that art was a waste of timetime

Very few artists emergedVery few artists emergedGilbert stuart (1755-1828)Gilbert stuart (1755-1828)Charles wilson peale (1741-Charles wilson peale (1741-

1843)1843)John trumbull (1756-1843)John trumbull (1756-1843)

Portrayers of the pastPortrayers of the past George bancroftGeorge bancroft (1800- (1800-

1891) secretary of the 1891) secretary of the navy. He helped found the navy. He helped found the naval academy at naval academy at annalpolis. Published a annalpolis. Published a history of the united states history of the united states to 1789 in six (originally to 1789 in six (originally 10) volumes10) volumes

William H. prescottWilliam H. prescott (1796-1859) publishes (1796-1859) publishes accounts of the conquest of accounts of the conquest of mexico 1843 and peru mexico 1843 and peru 18471847

William H. prescottWilliam H. prescott

continuedcontinued Francis parkmanFrancis parkman

(1823-1893) wrote (1823-1893) wrote his volumes of the his volumes of the struggles between struggles between france and britain france and britain times before the times before the making of americamaking of america

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