Group 4 Presentation Group 4 Presentation The Role of Family in International Assignments Iwona...

Group 4 PresentationGroup 4 Presentation

The Role of Family in The Role of Family in

International AssignmentsInternational Assignments

Iwona Samsel

Frank John

Katsufumi Araki

Gurhan Gunal

Cem Oktaymen

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History of IHRMHistory of IHRM

1900s 1900s Focus on motivating, controlling and Focus on motivating, controlling and

improving the productivity of entry-level improving the productivity of entry-level employees.employees.

1920s1920s

Appraising and training individualsAppraising and training individuals

1930s and 1940s1930s and 1940s

Knowledge of groups and the impact of group Knowledge of groups and the impact of group on individualson individuals

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1950s and 1960s 1950s and 1960s Individual needs and motivation along with Individual needs and motivation along with

advances in selection and development advances in selection and development

1970s 1970s Human resource management (safety and Human resource management (safety and

health of the worker as well as individual health of the worker as well as individual satisfaction and performance)satisfaction and performance)

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Late 1970s and 1980s Late 1970s and 1980s

Organizational strategyOrganizational strategy

Today Today

Global competition, worldwide labor Global competition, worldwide labor

availability, business ethics and the availability, business ethics and the

environment environment

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Country AnalysisCountry AnalysisCountry AnalysisCountry Analysis

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Country Profile

Recent Activities in IHRM

Society and Foreign Assignments

Expatriation & Repatriation

Performance & Retention

IHRM: necessary changes

POLANDPOLAND

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Country Profile Geo/Demographics

Country Profile Geo/Demographics

EU Member:EU Member: May 1May 1stst,2004,2004

Political system:Political system:

RepublicRepublic

Total area:Total area: 313 000 km²313 000 km²

Population:Population: 38.6 million38.6 million

GDP:GDP: $463 billion$463 billion

Religion:Religion: CatholicCatholic

Poland

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Country Profile cont.CultureCountry Profile cont.Culture

Collectivist SocietyCollectivist Society

Low ContextLow Context

Cultural Dimension ScoresCultural Dimension Scores

Don’t smile to strangersDon’t smile to strangers

=>=> follow NY style follow NY style

Learn few words in PolishLearn few words in Polish

=>=> Poles will love it Poles will love it

Bring flowers when visiting Polish Bring flowers when visiting Polish

homehome

=> “thank you for invitation”=> “thank you for invitation”

Never refuse secondsNever refuse seconds

=> nothing better than Polish home => nothing better than Polish home

cookingcooking

PoliticsPolitics => always a good topic=> always a good topic

Poland

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Country Profile Recent IHRM activities

Country Profile Recent IHRM activities

LegalLegal

• International AgreementsInternational Agreements

CompensationCompensation

• Taxes Taxes

Work for spouseWork for spouse

• Work permitsWork permits

Poland

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Society and Foreign Assignments: Poland vs. US

Society and Foreign Assignments: Poland vs. US

Pluses (+)Pluses (+)• Financial advantageFinancial advantage

• Exposure to foreign cultureExposure to foreign culture

• Language Language

• ResumeResume

Minuses (-)Minuses (-)• Distance from relatives, friendsDistance from relatives, friends

• Language barrierLanguage barrier

• Lack of good childcare systemLack of good childcare system

• Work for spouseWork for spouse

• Working hoursWorking hours

• Vacation timeVacation time

Pluses (+)Pluses (+)


• Good level of educationGood level of education

• Good standard of livingGood standard of living

• Good level of child careGood level of child care

• Location: central EuropeLocation: central Europe

Minuses (-)Minuses (-)

• Language/lack of relevant valueLanguage/lack of relevant value

• Distance from relatives, friendsDistance from relatives, friends

• Weather: long cold wintersWeather: long cold winters

Polish Expatriates American Expatriates

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Expatriation and Repatriation Expatriates & Families

Expatriation and Repatriation Expatriates & Families

Pre-Departure TrainingPre-Departure Training

Living ArrangementsLiving Arrangements

Child CareChild Care

Educational AllowancesEducational Allowances

Lack of set up of a Lack of set up of a

expatriate networkexpatriate network

No language training for No language training for

familiesfamilies

Little support for familyLittle support for family

arrangements upon returnarrangements upon return No guaranteed work upon No guaranteed work upon

returnreturn

ExpatriationExpatriation RepatriationRepatriation

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Performance and RetentionPerformance and Retention

Successful completionSuccessful completion

• Most of the interviewedMost of the interviewed

• Economic DevelopmentEconomic Development

• High Education LevelHigh Education Level

FailureFailure

• Few job offers for spousesFew job offers for spouses

• Separation from relativesSeparation from relatives

• WeatherWeather

Successful completionSuccessful completion• Large % of interviewedLarge % of interviewed

• Financial stimulusFinancial stimulus

• Future careerFuture career

FailureFailure• Separation from relativesSeparation from relatives

• Lack of support networkLack of support network

• No job offers without language No job offers without language

skillsskills

American ExpatriatesAmerican Expatriates Polish ExpatriatesPolish Expatriates

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IHRM: necessary changesIHRM: necessary changes

Support systemSupport system• Coach solutionCoach solution• Network of local expatriatesNetwork of local expatriates• Living arrangements upon repatriationLiving arrangements upon repatriation

Work for spouseWork for spouse

• Extended network with other foreign companiesExtended network with other foreign companies

Guaranteed job upon repatriationGuaranteed job upon repatriation

Language Training for all family membersLanguage Training for all family members

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Country Profile

Chinese Culture

Work-Family Conflict

Expatriates and Families


IHRM: necessary changes

People’s Republic of ChinaPeople’s Republic of China

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Population: 1.307 billionCapital: BeijingArea: 9.596.960 sq kmGDP: $ 7.262 trillionGDP per capita: $ 5600Labor Force: 760.8 millionLanguages: Chinese,

MandarinPolitical System: Communist

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Chinese CultureChinese Culture

Confucius’s RelationshipsConfucius’s Relationships

• Ruler - SubjectRuler - Subject• Husband – WifeHusband – Wife• Father – SonFather – Son• Brother – BrotherBrother – Brother• Friend - FriendFriend - Friend

Lijie and Surface HarmonyLijie and Surface Harmony

• Being polite and courteousBeing polite and courteous• Proper etiquette preservesProper etiquette preserves

harmony and faceharmony and face

GuanxiGuanxi

Relationship between peopleRelationship between people

Network of contactsNetwork of contacts

Mianxi Mianxi

Losing faceLosing face

Saving face Saving face

KeqiKeqi

Ke – guest qi – behaviorKe – guest qi – behavior

Represents humbleness andRepresents humbleness and

modestymodesty

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Power Distance (PDI)Power Distance (PDI)

• Very high power distanceVery high power distance

• Inequality of power and wealthInequality of power and wealth

• Follow a caste systemFollow a caste system

Individualism – CollectivismIndividualism – Collectivism

(IDV)(IDV)

• Collective societyCollective society

• Reinforce extended familyReinforce extended family

• Everyone takes responsibilityEveryone takes responsibility

Culture cont.Culture cont.

Masculinity (MAS)Masculinity (MAS)

Medium rangeMedium range

Woman have some rightsWoman have some rights

Uncertainty Avoidance (UAI)Uncertainty Avoidance (UAI)

Between medium and lowBetween medium and low

Tolerance for different opinions Tolerance for different opinions

Long – Term Orientation (LTO)Long – Term Orientation (LTO)

Values long-term commitmentsValues long-term commitments

Respect for traditionRespect for tradition

Strong work ethicStrong work ethic

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Work – further personalWork – further personal

growth growth Work and family is separateWork and family is separate Family comes before workFamily comes before work Family values = quality ofFamily values = quality of

lifelife Expressive individualismExpressive individualism Individualistic societyIndividualistic society

Work - Family ConflictWork - Family Conflict

Work – welfare of familyWork – welfare of family

Family – based work ethicFamily – based work ethic

Extra work > future benefits Extra work > future benefits

for familyfor family

Collectivism > priority to workCollectivism > priority to work

More experienced with families More experienced with families

dual carriersdual carriers

United StatesUnited States ChinaChina

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Importance of guanxiImportance of guanxi

Mostly long-term assignmentsMostly long-term assignments

Time to adjust to new cultureTime to adjust to new culture

Expatriate ( Diaspora) treated like family memberExpatriate ( Diaspora) treated like family member

Company will help overcome culture shock and provide intensive Company will help overcome culture shock and provide intensive

pre – departure trainingpre – departure training

Family stays behind until expatriate adjust to new environment Family stays behind until expatriate adjust to new environment

Company demands come before familyCompany demands come before family

Family will support expatriate, for better future (long – term oriented)Family will support expatriate, for better future (long – term oriented)

Low failure rateLow failure rate

Expatriates and Families

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Country Profile

Culture Themes

Culture Differences

Adaptation

Family Concerns

BrazilBrazil

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BrazilBrazilBrazilBrazil

Total population Total population

of 184 millionof 184 million

Among the most Among the most

popular popular

destinationsdestinations

AIDS patients are AIDS patients are

increasing increasing

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Culture ThemesCulture ThemesCulture ThemesCulture Themes

Time and WorkTime and Work

Casual about time and workCasual about time and work

Not concerned about being hard and efficientNot concerned about being hard and efficient

Take two or three jobsTake two or three jobs

Extended FamilyExtended Family

Larger role in societyLarger role in society

Big familyBig family

Mutual supportMutual support

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Culture differencesCulture differencesCulture differencesCulture differences

The attitude of male dominanceThe attitude of male dominance

Primary responsibility of womenPrimary responsibility of women

To care for the home and the familyTo care for the home and the family

Must be patient to gain mutual trustMust be patient to gain mutual trust

Slower business transactionSlower business transaction

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AdaptationAdaptationAdaptationAdaptation

Difficult to communicate without PortugueseDifficult to communicate without Portuguese

A period of anxiety, doubts and concernA period of anxiety, doubts and concern

Safety and securitySafety and security

Avoid large gatherings or any crowdsAvoid large gatherings or any crowds

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Family ConcernsFamily ConcernsFamily ConcernsFamily Concerns

Children’s problemsChildren’s problems

Experiencing profound stressExperiencing profound stress

E-mail, MTV and telephone—ease sense of E-mail, MTV and telephone—ease sense of

isolation from friendsisolation from friends

Returning home—most difficult due to culture Returning home—most difficult due to culture

differences, too alien for their friendsdifferences, too alien for their friends

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Family ConcernsFamily ConcernsFamily ConcernsFamily Concerns

Spouses’ concernSpouses’ concern

High risk of kidnapping for ransomHigh risk of kidnapping for ransom

Must ensure that houses are secureMust ensure that houses are secure

Children in the hands of people they can Children in the hands of people they can

trusttrust

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Country Profile

Facts for foreign expatriates

Society and Foreign Assignments

Legal Terms for foreign expatriates


TURKEYTURKEY

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Country Profile Geo/Demographics Country Profile Geo/Demographics

TURKEYTURKEYAge structureAge structure::0-14 years:0-14 years: 27.2% 27.2%15-64 years:15-64 years: 66.4 66.465 years and over:65 years and over: 6.4% 6.4%

EU CandidateEU Candidate

Political system:Political system: RepublicRepublic

Total area:Total area: 2,648 km 2,648 km

Population:Population: 70 million70 million

GDP:GDP: $507billion$507billion

Religion:Religion: 98% Muslim98% Muslim

http://www.bartleby.com/151/fields/21.html

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Country Profile cont.CultureCountry Profile cont.Culture

Collectivistic SocietyCollectivistic Society

Low ContextLow Context

Cultural Dimension Cultural Dimension

ScoresScores

Hospitable to a great Hospitable to a great extentextent

Don’t say no to food Don’t say no to food serve in Turkish homesserve in Turkish homes

Be on time for business Be on time for business meetingmeeting

Always be ready for Always be ready for dinner to close business dinner to close business dealdeal

Politics, SoccerPolitics, Soccer always a good topicalways a good topic

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FACTS FOR TURKEY FACTS FOR TURKEY

Economic effectEconomic effect

• increase in FDI increase in increase in FDI increase in

Foreign expatriatesForeign expatriates

Possible EU Possible EU

membershipmembership• Circulation of Labor will take Circulation of Labor will take

placeplace

• More job opportunities for More job opportunities for

Turkish young labor forceTurkish young labor force

Cultural effectCultural effect• Male dominantMale dominant

• Tight family bondsTight family bonds

29.7% women and 68.3% 29.7% women and 68.3%

men are in work forcemen are in work force

6 million Turkish people 6 million Turkish people

works in abroad works in abroad • $5 billion dollars from $5 billion dollars from

expatriatesexpatriates

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Society and Foreign Assignment: Turkey vs. Foreign

Society and Foreign Assignment: Turkey vs. Foreign


• Financial advantageFinancial advantage


• LanguageLanguage

Pluses (-)Pluses (-)

• HomesicknessHomesickness

• Language barrierLanguage barrier

• Lack of good childcare systemLack of good childcare system

• Vacation LengthVacation Length


• Good SalaryGood Salary

• Vacation LengthVacation Length

• Good standard of livingGood standard of living

• Sufficient level of child careSufficient level of child care

• Location: Southeastern EuropeLocation: Southeastern Europe

Minuses (-)Minuses (-)

• Language/lack of relevant valueLanguage/lack of relevant value

Turkish Expatriates Foreign Expatriates

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Constitutional rightsConstitutional rights

Turkey Laws follows EU Turkey Laws follows EU standards for Foreign expatriatesstandards for Foreign expatriates

New laws are on process:New laws are on process:

• August 2005 , work permit process will be fasterAugust 2005 , work permit process will be faster

TaxesTaxes

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Performance and RetentionPerformance and Retention

90% successful 90% successful

completioncompletion 13% failure13% failure Divorce rateDivorce rate Main reasons:Main reasons:• Language barrierLanguage barrier• Culture shockCulture shock

Advantage of Eurasian Advantage of Eurasian

cultureculture 80% successful 80% successful

completioncompletion 15% failure15% failure Main reasons: Main reasons: • Language barriersLanguage barriers• HomesicknessHomesickness• Child careChild care

Foreign ExpatriatesForeign Expatriates Turkish ExpatriatesTurkish Expatriates

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ConclusionConclusion

Issues concerned withIssues concerned withCareers of the spouseCareers of the spouse

ChildrenChildren

Things to considerThings to considerInclusion of family in decision-making process Inclusion of family in decision-making process Coping with new living quartersCoping with new living quartersDifferences in clothing necessitiesDifferences in clothing necessitiesFamily safety issuesFamily safety issuesChildren’s educationChildren’s educationLanguage barriersLanguage barriers

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ConclusionConclusion

Some things that can make it easier to Some things that can make it easier to

live abroadlive abroad

Do everything possible to make your time Do everything possible to make your time

abroad an exciting opportunity abroad an exciting opportunity

““The best expat is the educated expat”The best expat is the educated expat”

Encourage your children to maintain their Encourage your children to maintain their

connection to homeconnection to home

Well compensationWell compensation

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Questions & Comments?Questions & Comments?

Group 4 Presentation Group 4 Presentation The Role of Family in International Assignments Iwona...

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