Cloud Computing

Deepak ShuklaMSc Information Technology

The Hong Kong University of Science & Technology

What is Cloud Computing?

1. Definitions – What’s new?2. The Entities in Cloud Computing – Who

makes it happen? 3. The Computational Model – How does it

work?4. The Business Model – What’s the Profit?5. Advantages: Why adopt Cloud Computing?6. Obstacles: Why not?

Definitions

• Cloud Computing refers to both the applications delivered as services over the internet and the hardware and software in the Datacenters that provide these services.

• A model for enabling convenient, on-demand network access to a shared pool of configurable computing resources that can be rapidly provisioned and released with minimal management effort or service provider interaction.

Definitions (contd..)

• Cloud Computing is the delivery of computational resources from the location other than your current one.

• Cloud computing is the delivery of computing as a service rather than a product, whereby shared resources, software and information are provided to computers and other devices as a utility (like the electricity grid) over a network (typically the Internet). - Wikipedia

What is a Cloud anyways?

• “Cloud” is nothing but the hardware and software resources used to provide various services to the end users.

• It is the backbone infrastructure that is used to provide various on-demand services over the Internet.

• The term "cloud" is used as a metaphor for the Internet; as an abstraction of the underlying infrastructure that it represents.

Entities

The Computational Model

Cloud Services

• SaaS: Software-as-a-Service is a term used for the software applications that are delivered over the internet by the Cloud Provider. E.g. Google Docs

• PaaS: Platform-as-a-Service provides an underlying platform/OS enabling the user to develop and deploy applications that are created using the languages and tools supported by the Cloud provider. E.g Windows Azure, Force.com

Cloud Services (contd..)

• IaaS: Infrastructure-as-a-Service covers the provisioning of all the possible computational resources like computational power, storage capacity, applications and other fundamental computing resources. E.g. Amazon, IBM, Microsoft Azure.

The Business Model: What’s the Profit

• In general “huge cost savings”.• Basically “Pay-as-you-go” service model for all

types of services provided through the Cloud infrastructure.

• No premium licensing charges or maintenance charges for the software applications, hardware and storage services that are used by the Cloud users or consumers.

The Business Model: What’s the Profit contd…

• Businesses can focus on their core competencies by using IT services as an effective tool rather than spending too much on it.

• Cloud Computing improves IT efficiency and business agility.

• Reduces the need for huge upfront investments that characterize enterprise IT setups today.

The Business Model: What’s the Profit contd…

• Dramatically lowers the cost of entry for smaller firms trying to benefit from compute-intensive business analytics.

• Almost immediate access to computing resources with prior provisioning and on-demand leading faster time-to-market in many businesses.

• Lowers IT barriers to innovation.• Most importantly promotes “Green IT”.

Why adopt Cloud Computing?

• Huge cost savings in operation, maintenance and IT infrastructure.

• Transfers risk of over-provisioning or under-provisioning of IT resources and thus increases IT efficiency.

• Focus on core business.• Very attractive for end users and SME’s due to

its economics of scale and utilitarian nature.

Obstacles in adopting Cloud Computing – Why not?

• Availability of Service over Internet• Data Lock-in : No standard format yet like

HTML, XML etc.• Data Confidentiality and Auditability• Data Transfer Bottlenecks• Performance Unpredictability• Scalable Storage – suitable storage system yet

to come.

Obstacles in adopting Cloud Computing – Why not?

• Bugs in Large-Scale Distributed Systems• Scaling quickly• Reputation Fate Sharing• Software Licensing• Regulation & Standardization Issues.

More about Clouds

Yang Xing MSc Information TechnologyThe Hong Kong University of Science & Technology

Service Models

• Infrastructure as a Service(IaaS)– Provider offer virtual machine, raw storage,etc– User install os, application sw

• Platform as a Service(Paas)– Provider deliver computing platform or stack– User develop and run their software solutions

• Software as a Service(SaaS)– Provider install, operate applicatio software– User access software from cloud clients

Deployment Models• Public Cloud– Available to general public– Free or Pay-per-Use

• Community Cloud– Shared between several organizations from a – specific community with common concerns

• Private Cloud– Operated solely for a single organization– Managed internally or by third-party

• Hybrid Cloud– Compositions of two or more clouds

Latest Trends in Cloud Market

Nishita Menon MSc Information Technology

The Hong Kong University of Science & Technology

Major players in Cloud Services

Amazon Web Services

• IaaS Microsoft Windows Azure

• PaaS Google App Engine

• SaaS

SOURCE : http://www.cloudcomputingtechie.com/companies-providing-cloud-based-services/

Revenues from Cloud business and the growth rate predicted

SaaS• Predicted to reach$14.5 billion in

2012, a 17.9 % increase from 2011 revenue of $12.3 billion.

• Revenue in the Asia-Pacific region is on pace to reach $934.1 million in 2012, up from $730.9 million in 2011.

PaaS• Revenue reached $707.4 million in

2011, up from $512.4 million in 2010• Predicted to reach $1.8 billion in 2015

IaaS• By 2013, service revenues from IaaS

are forecast to be approximately $15.6 billion

Source : http://www.gartner.com and http://www.cisco.com

Derivative service models that are emerging as a result of growing Cloud

adoption

STaaS (Software Testing as a Service)• provides an accessible,flexible and low-cost test solution – on demand outsourcing

without the high levels of investment.

Security as a Service• outsourcing model for security management.

Daas (Data as a service)• data in this case, can be provided on demand

Caas (Computing as a service)• on-demand computing platform

Emerging Cloud Services to facilitate Cloud Adoption – Cloud Mediators

Infosys Cloud System Integrator• an accountable cloud ecosystem integrator.• takes ownership of the complete lifecycle of your

cloud initiative.• hosts, manages and operates business platforms.• provides comprehensive services from

• strategy, • planning, • cloud set-up to • migration , creation and aggregation of cloud services.

• addresses all aspects of cloud adoption, reducing total cost of ownership.