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M. YusufAsari

Novie Indriyana

Yoel Wibowo

Culture, Multiculturalism, and The(post) Modern City

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Introduction Megalopolis character > no single ethnic group,

way of life, and or industrial sector domination

Megalopolis > pluralism (Jenks, 1993: 7)

e pluribus unum (one from many) > US motto,adopted by an Act of Congress in 1782.

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Nation as whole culture >< subcultures flourishing

LA, Miami, & Houston > variegated images of

post modern cities

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US Post-Modern City Los Angeles (LA- the 1st postmodern city), Miami,

Houston (1980s)

Those were the first inherently multicultural,global, and postmodern cities.

Closely related with urbanism

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Famous movies and video games set theme in postmodern city: Blade Runner, LA Law, Miami Vice, LANoire, etc

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Problems of post modern cities > dilemma ofmulticulturalism (LA: over 150 nationalities)

The justifiable need for all voices to be heard, forall identities to be affirmed

How to overcome? By hetero-architecture

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Hetero-architecture

Architecture of variety

as a sequence of opposed

historical types or of an

eclectic mixture of styles.(Jencks, 1993: 9)

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Related with political project > rise of postmodernliberalism, which groups and subcultures turnthemselves into legal individuals (ibid: 10)

Also named as politics of difference

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Harlem in Multicurturalism in NewYork

Harlem is a neighborhood in the New York Cityborough of Manhattan, which since the 1920s hasbeen a major African-American residential,cultural and business center. Originally a Dutch

village, formally organized in 1658,

it is namedafter the city of Haarlem in the Netherlands.Harlem was annexed to New York City in 1873.

It is made up of great diversity of people andcultural attitude.

Many of natives are highly educated, cultivated,open-minded, hard-working and namely Harlem isprivileged site of exoticism, primitivism, andbehavioral license.

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Harlem Renaissance startedafter the first World War

It became significance thatAfrican-American was ready totake central role in American

life The second reason of Harlem

Renaissance is, the discoveryof African artistic tradition andthe use of African settings and

so on According Alain Locke, the

professor of philosophy atHoward University, HarlemRenaissance was thesignificance of a great changefrom old negro to new negro

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The central concern of Alain Lockes new negrowas to avoid the negro appear ridiculous towhites

The best concept of new negro can be found in

the novel entitled Nigger Heaven printed in 1926

by Carl van Vechten