Grup 1

NOUNS

PART OF NOUNS

DEFINITION

SUFFIX

TYPE OF SUFFIX

PRONOUN

DEFINITION

PART OF PRONOU

N

EXERCISE

NounsA noun is a word used to name

a person, animal, place, and thing.

Type of Nouns

1. Common Nouns 2. Proper Nouns 3. Collective Nouns 4. Material Nouns5. Compound Nouns

1.Common Nouns

A common noun is a noun referring to a person, place, or thing. usually, you should write it with a capital letter only when it begins a sentence.

car man bridge town water metal ammonia

2. Proper NounsYou always write a proper noun with a

capital letter, since the noun represents the name of a specific person, place, or thing. The names of days of the week, months, historical documents, institutions, organisations, religions, their holy texts and their adherents are proper nouns.Example :

The Marroons were transported from Jamaica and forced to build the fortifications in Halifax.

Many people dread Monday mornings. Beltane is celebrated on the first of May. Abraham appears in the Talmud and in the

Koran. Last year, I had a Baptist, a Buddhist, and a

Gardnerian Witch as roommates.

3. Collective NounsA collective noun is a noun naming a

group of things, animals, or persons. You could count the individual members of the group, but you usually think of the group as a whole is generally as one unit.Example :

The flock of geese spends most of its time in the pasture.

The jury is dining on take-out chicken tonight.

The steering committee meets every Wednesday afternoon.

The class was startled by the bursting light bulb.

http://www.writingcentre.uottawa.ca/hypergrammar/nouns.html

4. Material Nouns

Material nouns are nouns that are used to indicate the objects came from and made from nature (the earth) as well as natural phenomena, nor to indicate man-made objects. Example:table -> woodshirt -> cotton

http://catatanbahasainggris.blogspot.com/2009/01/material-nouns.html

5. Compound Nouns

A compound noun is made up of two or more words put together to form a single noun. A compound noun can be written as one word, two or more words, or with a hyphen or hyphens.example :my husband and Ipaper - clip

http://wiki.answers.com/Q/What_is_a_compound_noun

PronounsA pronoun is a substitute for a noun designating

persons or things asked for, previously specified, or understood from the word and what it is saying. Examples of pronouns: He, she, it, you, yourself, myself, himself, herself, yourselves, whom, etc.Example Sentences:

"David reads the paper." The sentence becomes "He reads the paper."

"The boys didn't make the team and the boys were very sad." "The boys didn't make the team and they were very sad. "They" is the pronoun that replaces "the boys".http://wiki.answers.com/Q/What_is_a_pronoun

Part of Pronouns :1. Personal Pronouns2. Possessive Pronouns3. Demonstrative Pronouns4. Interrogative Pronouns5. Reflexive Pronouns 6. Indefinite Pronouns7. Relative Pronouns8. Intensive Pronouns9. Reciprocal Pronouns

1. Personal PronounsPersonal pronouns are pronouns used

as substitutes for proper or common nouns.

Example : He shook her* hand. Why do you always rely on me to do your*

homework for you? They tried to run away from the hunter, but

he set his* dogs after them.

2. Possessive PronounsA possessive pronoun is a part of

speech that substitutes for a noun phrase that begins with a possessive determiner (also known as a possessive adjective).

For example, in the sentence These glasses are mine, not yours, the words mine and yours are possessive pronouns and stand for my glasses and your glasses, respectively. Like other pronouns, possessive pronouns can thus obviate the need to repeat nouns or noun phrases. Example :

Hands off, that's mine! Yours is over there. I don't like hers much.

3. Demonstrative Pronounsis a indicate word based a distance.

Example : This is my car, these are Ridwan's

cars. That pen is yours, those are mine.

singular

plural

arti

fungsi

this these

ini Menunjukk benda yang dekat dengan pembicara

that those

itu Menunjuk benda yang jauh dengan pembicara

4. Interrogative Pronouns

Interrogative Pronouns is a question words to asks person or thing, like a: who, whom, whose, which, what.example :

Who is that boy? Whose car is this?

5. Reflexive Pronouns

Reflexive Pronouns is noun to indicate to person activity in sentence or give pressing to subject or object.example :

He spoke to himself. I myself drive the car.

6. Indefinite Pronouns

Indefinite Pronouns is words refering to a person or thing which opinion not definite, like a everybody, anybody, somebody, all, each, every, some, none, one.

Example : Is there anyone in the office? Somebody broke my car last night. 

7. Relative Pronouns

Relative Pronouns is a words which arrange a noun or noun phrase with a clear-clause, like a: who, whom whose, which, that.

Example : She will tell you what you need

to know. I do not know who really he is.

8. Intensive Pronouns

is a noun which reflection from a noun.the site after nouns/pronouns. The fungtion to more stress the purpose of sentence.example :

• Henry himself who told me so.• Mary herself repaired the computer.• Jack himself gave me the book.

9. Reciprocal Pronouns

Yaitu kata ganti yang menyatakan hubungan timbal balik

antara 2 atau lebih.

Frase yang digunakan adalah:

• Each other = satu sama lain (2 orang)

• One another = satu sama lain ( lebih dari 2 orang)

Contoh:

• Henry and Elizabeth loves each other.

• All children love one another.

exercise

:Answer the correct form of the pronoun or possessive

adjective in the following sentences.• I go to school with (he/him) everyday I see (she/her/herself) at the Union every Friday.• She speaks to (we/us/ourselves) every morning.• Isn’t (she/her) a nice person ?.• (He/Him) is going to New York on vacation.• (She/Her) and John gave the money to the boy.• (Yours/Your) record is scratched and (my/mine) is too.• I hurt (my/mine/the) leg.• John bought (himself/herself/hisself) a new coat.• (We/Us) girs are going camping over the weekend.

SUFFIX

A suffix is something added at the end of a word that conditions its usage or meaning.

TYPE OF SUFFIX

Inflectional suffixes

Derivational suffixes

Inflection changes grammatical properties of a word within its syntactic category.In the example:The weather forecaster said it would clear today, but it hasn't cleared at all.the suffix -ed inflects the root-word clear to indicate past tense. Some inflectional suffixes in present day English:

-s third person singular present-ed past tense-ing progressive/continuous-s plural-en plural (irregular)-er comparative-est superlative-n't negative

Inflectional suffixes

Derivational suffixesIn the example:

"The weather forecaster said it would be clear today, but I can't see clearly at all" 

the suffix -ly modifies the root-word clear from an adjective into an adverb. Derivation can also form a semantically distinct word within the same syntactic category.

In this example:

"The weather forecaster said it would be a clear day today, but I think it's more like clearish!" 

the suffix -ish modifies the root-word clear, changing its meaning to "clear, but not very clear".

Some derivational suffixes in present day English: -ly -ful -able/-ible -ness -less -ment -ist -ish

exercise

Answer the correct form of the pronoun or possessive adjective in the following sentences.• I go to school with (he/him) everyday• I see (she/her/herself) at the Union every Friday.• She speaks to (we/us/ourselves) every morning.• Isn’t (she/her) a nice person ?.• (He/Him) is going to New York on vacation.• (She/Her) and John gave the money to the boy.• (Yours/Your) record is scratched and (my/mine) is

too.• I hurt (my/mine/the) leg.• John bought (himself/herself/hisself) a new coat.• (We/Us) girs are going camping over the weekend.