GROUNDWATER. Water table Zone of aeration- pore spaces filled with air Zone of saturation- pore...
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Transcript of GROUNDWATER. Water table Zone of aeration- pore spaces filled with air Zone of saturation- pore...
GROUNDWATER
Water table
• Zone of aeration- pore spaces filled with air
• Zone of saturation- pore spaces filled with water
• Dividing line is called the water table
Zone of aeration
Zone of saturation
Water table
Groundwater affects surface water
Groundwater entering surface water
Permeability
permeability
• http://techalive.mtu.edu/meec/module06/Permeability.htm
Groundwater speed
• http://techalive.mtu.edu/meec/module04/GroundwaterSpeed.htm
AQUIFERS
• Ogallala Aquifer! • Saturated layer (below water table)
• Need interconnected pores (High permeability)
• Ogallala aquifer-”fastest disappearing aquifer in the world”
WELLS
• Need permeable layer• Under water table
http://techalive.mtu.edu/meec/module06/WellDrilling.htm
PUMPING WELLS
• Creates cone of depression
• Lowers water table
Formation of a cone of depression in the water
table
Water stealing
subsidence
Artesian wells
• Flow to the surface naturally
• Under pressure• “sandwiched between
two impermeable layers
• Well must be below intake
Wikipedia’s version of artesian- is this correct?
GROUNDWATER POLLUTION
• SOURCES– Septic tanks– Landfills– Fertilizers/pesticides– Underground storage tanks (gas stations)
Septic tanks
landfills
Natural contaminates
• Calcium, magnesium creates “hard water’
• Will not suds up• Creates white film in
hot water pipes• Irons creates bad
taste
Hot springs and geysers
• Groundwater heated by magma reaches the surface
Steamboat, CO
OLD FAITHFUL
• With an error of 10 minutes, Old Faithful will erupt 65 minutes after an eruption lasting less than 2.5 minutes or 91 minutes after an eruption lasting more than 2.5 minutes.
• http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/0072402466/student_view0/chapter11/animations_and_movies.html#