Groundwater Protection: Sustainability in the Face of Development
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Transcript of Groundwater Protection: Sustainability in the Face of Development
Cassandra McKinneyCassandra McKinney WaterCon2011WaterCon2011
EVAPORATIONEVAPORATIONTRANSPIRATIONTRANSPIRATION
CONDENSATIONCONDENSATIONPRECIPITATIONPRECIPITATION
RUNOFFRUNOFFINFILTRATIONINFILTRATION
GROUNDWATERGROUNDWATERSURFACE WATERSURFACE WATERWETLANDS/FENSWETLANDS/FENS
Cassandra McKinneyCassandra McKinney WaterCon2011WaterCon2011
Cassandra McKinneyCassandra McKinney WaterCon2011WaterCon2011
60% of your body
70% of your brain
80% of your blood
60% of your body
70% of your brain
80% of your blood
Cassandra McKinneyCassandra McKinney WaterCon2011WaterCon2011
While you can survive almost a month without food…
Cassandra McKinneyCassandra McKinney WaterCon2011WaterCon2011
You can’t survive one week without water!
Cassandra McKinneyCassandra McKinney WaterCon2011WaterCon2011
Cassandra McKinneyCassandra McKinney WaterCon2011WaterCon2011
http://www.ienearth.org/water.html
http
://flow
ing
data
.com
/20
10
/04
/01
/discu
ss-drin
kab
le-w
ate
r-in-th
e-w
orld
/
Cassandra McKinneyCassandra McKinney WaterCon2011WaterCon2011
Cassandra McKinneyCassandra McKinney WaterCon2011WaterCon2011
Overuse Irrigation
Impervious Surfaces Urban Sprawl
Cassandra McKinneyCassandra McKinney WaterCon2011WaterCon2011
2000-2009 World Water ConflictsDrought and
water inequities
spark killings in India (2009)
Water clashes kill 40 in Kenya and Ethiopia
(2006)
Mexican farmers shot in duel over
spring (2004)
Information from the Pacific Institute: http://www.worldwater.org/conflict/map/
Cassandra McKinneyCassandra McKinney WaterCon2011WaterCon2011
Terrorists Target Water
Systems (2002)
Cassandra McKinneyCassandra McKinney WaterCon2011WaterCon2011
Water Quality & Quantity Concerns
McHenry County is solely dependant on groundwater for all of its potable water needs
Adequate groundwater quantity and quality is essential to the present and future well being of McHenry County agriculturalists, residents and businesses.
The groundwater supply is: Limited Vulnerable to pollution Is being mismanaged
Cassandra McKinneyCassandra McKinney WaterCon2011WaterCon2011
Year
Million
gallon
s p
er
day
34.651
67.5
120
160
180
LR
I P
roje
cte
d U
se
~ S
usta
inab
le Y
ield
MR
I P
roje
cte
d U
se
Max Comprehensive Plan
LRI – less resource intensive MRI – more resource intensive
Projected population growth of ~200,000 by
2030
Cassandra McKinneyCassandra McKinney WaterCon2011WaterCon2011
Municipal Water Supplies
40 km
Water Supply: 100% Groundwater~60% Sand and Gravel
Cassandra McKinneyCassandra McKinney WaterCon2011WaterCon2011
McHenry County Water Supply Projections
Cassandra McKinneyCassandra McKinney WaterCon2011WaterCon2011
No No WaterWater
•Sound & Healthy Economy
•Healthy Environment
• Natural Areas Thrive
•High Quality of Life
•Sustainable & Safe Water Supply
Sprawl
Water Supply Planing
No Water Supply
Planning •Loss of Jobs, Retail & Industry
•Degraded Natural Areas & Loss of Open Space
•Loss of Agriculture
•Decreased Quality of Life
•Decreased Property Values
•Stagnation
What about Public Safety and Fire Protection?Smart Growth
Cassandra McKinneyCassandra McKinney WaterCon2011WaterCon2011
Why is it that water takes up 70% of the earth’s surface and 60% of our bodies, yet so little of our thinking?
Imagine turning water problems into opportunities!
Create a Program to:
Protect and preserve the
quantity and quality
of groundwater for our generation and future generations, including the built
and natural environment
Cassandra McKinneyCassandra McKinney McHenry County Water Resources McHenry County Water Resources
Integrated Water Resources 7 Step Planning Process
Identify Problems and Opportunities
Create a Planning Team
Inventories and Forecasting
Formulating Alternative Plans
Evaluating Alternative Plans
Ranking Alternative Plans
Plan Implementation
Integrated Water Resource Planning (Palmer and Lundberg 2003)Cassandra McKinneyCassandra McKinney WaterCon2011WaterCon2011
Integrated Water Resources Planning
Encourages cooperative planning
Scientific Understanding
Reasonable / Attainable Goals
Planning “Team”:
government leaders & regional partners,
business and industry,
agriculture, nurseries, sod farms
special interest groups,
residents
Shared Vision = Common GoalsCassandra McKinneyCassandra McKinney WaterCon2011WaterCon2011
Manage supply and demand Plan for growth and drought Utilize water conservation programs Value the land and treat water in all
its forms as a resource! Stormwater, Groundwater, Surface
Water, Wetlands… they are all part of the water cycle and natural water balance.
Consider all your “development” options Open space, agriculture, pervious
pavement, raingardens, parks, conservation design developments, buffer strips, and more...
Increase access to recycling centers Educate, Educate, Educate!!!
Cassandra McKinneyCassandra McKinney WaterCon2011WaterCon2011
Cassandra McKinneyCassandra McKinney WaterCon2011WaterCon2011
Water Resources Action Plan:
Quality Pollution
Prevention Sensible Salting
Quantity Water
Conservation Conservation
DesignQuantity & Quality Groundwater
Recharge Protection of Water
Dependent Ecosystems
Wastewater Water Supply
Planning Drought
Preparedness Contingency
Planning
EducationEducation
1. Scientific Research 2. Symposiums, Workshops, and other
Educational Offerings 1. Municipal 2. Public
Adult Education Youth Education
3. Private Business Owners Agriculture, turf management, snow operators and
more…
3. Municipal and County-Board Buy-in Cassandra McKinneyCassandra McKinney WaterCon2011WaterCon2011
Geological Fieldwork
•ISGS Drilling (08-09)
•USACE (2008)
•Previous Drilling
•Geophysics
Cassandra McKinneyCassandra McKinney WaterCon2011WaterCon2011
Geologic Core
Drilling
Cassandra McKinneyCassandra McKinney WaterCon2011WaterCon2011
Drilling
Geophysics
Visualizationtopography
Visualizationroads
Visualizationsoils
VisualizationGeology/field
VisualizationAerial photos
Prairieview Education Center
Route 176
Behan Road
Visualizationsubsurface
McHenry CountyBedrock Surface
Key: Yellow units are aquifer units All Other colors are non-aquifer units – usually tills.
McHenry CountyLowermost Sand/Gravel Aquifer
Key: Yellow units are aquifer units All Other colors are non-aquifer units – usually tills.
McHenry CountyOldest glacial till non-aquifer
Key: Yellow units are aquifer units All Other colors are non-aquifer units – usually tills.
McHenry CountyMiddle Sand/Gravel Aquifer
Key: Yellow units are aquifer units All Other colors are non-aquifer units – usually tills.
McHenry CountyMajor non-aquifer confining unit in the County (Tiskilwa Till)
Key: Yellow units are aquifer units All other colors are non-aquifer units – usually tills.
McHenry CountyMinor non-aquifer confining unit (Yorkville till)
Key: Yellow units are aquifer units All other colors are non-aquifer units – usually tills.
McHenry CountyMajor shallow aquifer unit
Key: Yellow units are aquifer units All other colors are non-aquifer units – usually tills.
McHenry CountyMajor shallow mixed aquifer/non-aquifer unit
Key: Yellow units are aquifer units All other colors are non-aquifer units – usually tills.
McHenry CountyModern shallow aquifer/non aquifer materials-youngest stuff
Key: Yellow units are aquifer units All Other colors are non-aquifer units – usually tills.
Example: Detailed 3D Hydrogeologic Mapping in Lake County, IL
Central Great Lakes Geologic Mapping Coalition Project, ISGSJason Thomason, Ardith Hansel, Mike Barnhardt, Barb Stiff, Steve Brown, Andy Stumpf
Note: yellows (sand and gravel; aquifers) greens and purples (clay rich units; aquitards)
Bedrock
Land Surface
Cassandra McKinneyCassandra McKinney WaterCon2011WaterCon2011
Cassandra McKinneyCassandra McKinney WaterCon2011WaterCon2011
Cassandra McKinneyCassandra McKinney WaterCon2011WaterCon2011
Cassandra McKinneyCassandra McKinney WaterCon2011WaterCon2011
DESCRIPTION: Latitude 42°28'44.84", Longitude 88°28'53.85" NAD83Mchenry County, Illinois, Hydrologic Unit 07120006 Well depth: 120.6 feet Hole depth: 234 feetLand surface altitude: 949feet above sea level NAVD88.Well completed in "Sand and gravel aquifers (glaciated regions)" (N100GLCIAL) national aquifer. Well completed in "Quaternary System" (110QRNR) local aquifer
Preliminary Water Quality Data - High Iron Countywide- Low Chlorides in 38 of 41 wells- Overall pretty good water quality - High nitrates in 2 wells- Arsenic of concern in 20% of wells - No VOC’s really of concern in any of
the observation wells
Cassandra McKinneyCassandra McKinney WaterCon2011WaterCon2011
Illinois State Water Survey
Colored drawdown map for different degrees of drawdown
Sensitive Aquifer Recharge Areas Map
Cassandra McKinneyCassandra McKinney WaterCon2011WaterCon2011
Public and Private Sector Environmental Impacts Storage Handling Application Rates Material Options Anti-icing De-icing
Cassandra McKinneyCassandra McKinney WaterCon2011WaterCon2011
Winter Snow and Ice Operations – Training and
Certification
In partnership with: Local Law Enforcement Illinois Environmental
Protection Agency Open to all county
“residents” – Not open to physicians, nursing
homes, or pharmacies Free anonymous disposal of:
Most controlled and uncontrolled pharmaceuticals
Most over the counter remediesCassandra McKinneyCassandra McKinney WaterCon2011WaterCon2011
Medication Disposal Program
Partners in Paint Recycling Household Hazardous Waste
Disposal McHenry County Schools
Environmental Education Program 2nd & 8th Grade – Water Lessons
instructed by professional staff K-12 lessons available on
www.mchenryh2o.com In Development:
Turf Management Workshop
Cassandra McKinneyCassandra McKinney WaterCon2011WaterCon2011
Ordinance Development Contingency Planning and Mutual
Aid Planning AssistanceAccess to and explanation of
Scientific Research Results Educational Brochures Training Programs by Request
Sampling of Additional Assistance Available to Local, Regional and State
Governments
Cassandra McKinneyCassandra McKinney WaterCon2011WaterCon2011
Water Resources Action Plan
Model policies and
ordinances
Children’s Activities
Teacher Lesson Plans
Brochures
Groundwater Research
Newspaper Articles
www.mchenryh2o.comCassandra McKinneyCassandra McKinney WaterCon2011WaterCon2011
Best Practices alone are not enough.
When planning, utilize a holistic approach, consider existing plans, and
value the land and our water resources!
Be a part of the solution, every drop counts!
Questions?
“We abuse land because we regard it as a commodity belonging to us. When we see land as a community to which we belong,
we may begin to use it with love and respect.” Aldo Leopold, A Sand County AlmanacAldo Leopold, A Sand County Almanac
Cassandra McKinney Water Resources Manager - Division of Water Resources
McHenry County Government 2200 N. Seminary AvenueWoodstock, IL 60098-2637
Phone: (815) 334-4213, Fax: (815) 338-3991
[email protected] www.mchenryh2o.com
ABSTRACTOver the past two decades, McHenry County, Illinois has been one of the fastest growing counties in the State of Illinois. In addition, the County is solely dependent on groundwater for its drinking water resource, with no other options available. From 2000 to 2030, McHenry County’s population (current population 310,000) is expected to grow by 190,000. In the year 2000, water use in the county amounted to an annual average of 34.6 million gallons per day (mgd). By 2030, average annual water use is estimated to almost double to 67.5 mgd. With this tremendous growth, water shortages are forecasted as early as 2020 in portions of the county and groundwater degradation is already occurring.
In addition to groundwater being the only viable drinking water resource for McHenry County, groundwater protection is a challenge because the State of Illinois follows the doctrine of reasonable use. With the absence of statutory authority, counties are unable to enforce groundwater ordinances in areas other than the unincorporated. The impending water shortages and the lack of statutory authority prompted the creation of a Water Resource Manager position to utilize the cooperative planning process to coordinate the development of a multi-faceted, inter-governmental Water Resources Action Plan. People are more likely to support that which they create. Over the past two years, the cooperative planning process undertaken encouraged the involvement of government leaders, regional partners, special interest groups and citizens in the development of a county-wide groundwater protection program. This program uniquely seeks to address quantity and quality in one comprehensive program with the underlying goal “to provide a sustainable and safe water supply for current and future generations, including the built and natural environments.” The Water Resources Action Plan was completed in October 2009 and will assist in assuring our growing population an adequate, sustainable supply of safe water in the future.
Finally, the impending water shortages also prompted the county to spearhead further scientific research on the sustainability of the groundwater resource. Therefore, the County has undertaken multiple scientific research projects: Three-dimensional Geological Mapping, Hydrological Flow Modeling, and a Real-time Observation Well Network, to support the Water Resources Action Plan and assist stakeholders in making timely management decisions.