Groundwater and River Water Interaction at Ciromban and Cibeureum Riverbank, Tasikmalaya: Can We...

Groundwater and River Water Interaction at Ciromban and Cibeureum Riverbank, Tasikmalaya:

Can We Solve Water Shortage?

Pratama, A., Abdulbari, N ., Nugraha, MI., Prasetio, Y., Tulak, GP., Darul, A., and Irawan, DE.

Faculty of Earth Sciences and TechnologyInstitut Teknologi Bandung

The 5th International Conference on Mathematics and Natural SciencesInstitut Teknologi Bandung, 2-3 November 2014 1

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Background

• Tasikmalaya is one of the growing city in West Java Province, which is also suffering from drought. Currently the source of water is exclusively supplied by several deep water wells and groundwater springs at the foot slope of Mount (Mt) Galunggung.

• The formerly a full agriculture-based area, now have grown to a industrial and commercial city.

• Local government and water supply company need to look for alternative source of water. One alternative is river water: Ciromban and Cibeureum river.

The 5th International Conference on Mathematics and Natural Sciences Institut Teknologi Bandung, 2-3 November 2014 2

Photos

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Photos

Objective

• This research is a preliminary study to identify the interactions between groundwater and river water based on water quality.


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Methods1

• The dataset was composed of 62 points: 50 points of dug wells along the riverbank and 12 points of river water measurements.

• We used handheld instruments from Hanna Instrument: water level detector (WLD), total dissolved solids (TDS) meter for temperature and TDS measurement, and Dissolved Oxygen (DO) meter to measure DO concentration.


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Methods2

• We introduce an statistical analysis to explore the dataset, consists of: basic exploratory analysis and decision tree.

• Open source and cross-platform software:• R3.1.1 (R Core Team, 2014) and Rstudio IDE0.98.1028 (RStudio Team, 2014).

• Add-on packages of R:• graphical plotting using “lattice” (Sarkar, 2008), • data manipulation with “dplyr” (Wickham and Francois, 2014),• spatial analysis using “sp” (Roger S. Bivand, 2013), and• principal component analysis using “pcaMethods” (Stacklies et al.,

2007) and “randomForest” (Liaw and Wiener, 2002a).


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Methods3

• The principal component analysis (PCA) is a classic multivariate statistics, used to reduce the size of data dimension. It succesfully used as tools to analyse hydrogeological nature based on water quality (Irawan et al., 2014, 2012, 2009).

• The random forest (Breiman, 2001; Hastie et al., 2001; Liaw and Wiener, 2002) is a variable selection technique.


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Results1: Two types of water interaction


• Effluent flow in the Cibeureum segment • Influent flow in the Ciromban river segment

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Tunjukkan alur sungainya


Results2: Water quality pattern

• The close interaction is also shown by pairs plot.

• High DO and TDS readings due to mineralization from organic and non-organic sources and change of chemical stability.

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• A clear separation between both waters can be drawn from the multivariate analysis.


Results2: Water quality patternFirst draft

• Stronger role of some variables than the others are also detected:

• pH• Resistivity• DO

• The strong variables can be used as tracer.

Concluding remarks

• A close interaction occurs between groundwater and river water, as shown by the water level maps. The close interaction is also shown by pairs plot.

• Low gradient water flows were identified in the period of dry season (July-August 2014):

– Effluent flow in the Cibeureum segment – Influent flow in the Ciromban river segment

• A clear separation between both waters can be drawn from the multivariate analysis. Stronger role of some variables than the others are also detected. The strong variables can be used as tracer.

• We recommend that the authority should not use the river water directly without proper treatment. The pumping of river water should also be carefully design as it will influence shallow groundwater level.


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Next step

• This work is part of my final project.• The result from this paper will be used as a guidance to build a

geological model of the area.


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• Breiman, L., Random Forests, in: Machine Learning (Springer, New York, 2001), pp. 5–32.• Hastie, T., Tibshirani, R., Friedman, J., The Elements of Statistical Learning, Springer Series in Statistics (Springer New York Inc., New York,

NY, USA, 2001).• Irawan, D.E., Puradimaja, D.J., Notosiswoyo, S., Soemintadiredja, P., "Hydrogeochemistry of volcanic hydrogeology based on cluster analysis of

Mount Ciremai, West Java, Indonesia", J. Hydrol. 376, 221 – 234. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2009.07.033 (2009).• Irawan, D.E., Puradimaja, D.J., Silaen, H., Hydrodynamic Relationship between Man-Made Lake and Surrounding Aquifer, Cimahi, Bandung,

Indonesia, Int. Groundw. Eng. Conf. Proceedings (2012).• Irawan, D.E., Silaen, H., Sumintadireja, P., Lubis, R.F., Brahmantyo, B., Puradimaja, D.J., "Groundwater–surface water interactions of Ciliwung

River streams, segment Bogor–Jakarta, Indonesia", Environ. Earth Sci. 1–8. doi:10.1007/s12665-014-3482-4 (2014).• Liaw, A., Wiener, M., "Classification and Regression by randomForest", R News 2, 18–22 (2002).• R Core Team, R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing (R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria, 2014).• Roger S. Bivand, V.G.-R., Edzer Pebesma, Applied spatial data analysis with R, Second edition (Springer, New York, 2013).• RStudio Team, RStudio: An Integrated Development Environment to R (RStudio, Vienna, Austria, 2014).• Sarkar, D., Lattice: Multivariate Data Visualization with R (Springer, New York, 2008).• Stacklies, W., Redestig, H., Scholz, M., Walther, D., Selbig, J., "pcaMethods – a Bioconductor package providing PCA methods for incomplete

data", Bioinformatics 23, 1164–1167 (2007).• Wickham, H., Francois, R., dplyr: A Grammar of Data Manipulation (Springer, New York, 2014).

Acknowledgement

• We wish to express our gratitude to: – Dr. Bambang Sunarwan for the sponsorhip.– Dr. Wouter Buytaert of Imperial College London and Dr. Reik

Donner of PIK Postdam for introducing R to us in 2011.– Dr. Willem Vervoort University of Sydney for his valuable guidance

and support. – Prof.Dr. Lambok Hutasoit as Head of Applied Geology Group,

Prof.Dr. Deny Juanda, Prof.Dr. Sudarto Notosiswoyo, Dr. Prihadi Sumintadireja, and Dr. Suyatno Yuwono who have built a strong research foundation.


Groundwater and River Water Interaction at Ciromban and Cibeureum Riverbank, Tasikmalaya:

Can We Solve Water Shortage?Pratama, A., Abdulbari, N ., Nugraha, MI., Prasetio, Y., Tulak, GP., Darul, A., and Irawan, DE.

Faculty of Earth Sciences and TechnologyInstitut Teknologi Bandung

The 5th International Conference on Mathematics and Natural SciencesInstitut Teknologi Bandung, 2-3 November 2014 13

Thank you for your attention

Further questions and comments should be addressed to:

Aditya Pratama : [email protected] Dr. Dasapta Erwin Irawan : [email protected] Twitter : @dasaptaerwin

The resources from this project will be made available online by the end of this month at:•ResearchGate: https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Dasapta_Irawan

•Academic.edu: https://itb.academia.edu/dasaptaerwin

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Groundwater and River Water Interaction at Ciromban and Cibeureum Riverbank, Tasikmalaya: Can We...

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