Ground waves
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Transcript of Ground waves
![Page 1: Ground waves](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052406/587682741a28ab1b158b6243/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
RADIO-FREQUENCY
WAVE PROPAGATION
BY:
Rea Jhoy Lastimosa
Christian Joseph Garniel
![Page 2: Ground waves](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052406/587682741a28ab1b158b6243/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
There are three basic paths that a radio signal can take
through space
• Ground waves
• Sky waves
• Space waves
![Page 3: Ground waves](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052406/587682741a28ab1b158b6243/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
GROUND WAVES
(SURFACE WAVES)
![Page 4: Ground waves](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052406/587682741a28ab1b158b6243/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
![Page 5: Ground waves](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052406/587682741a28ab1b158b6243/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Ground Waves
(Surface waves)
• Leaves the antenna and remains close to the earth.
• follow the curvature of the earth
• strongest at the low and medium frequency
ranges.
![Page 6: Ground waves](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052406/587682741a28ab1b158b6243/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
• 30KHz – 3MHz range
• can propagate for hundreds and sometimes
thousand of miles at these low frequencies.
![Page 7: Ground waves](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052406/587682741a28ab1b158b6243/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
![Page 8: Ground waves](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052406/587682741a28ab1b158b6243/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
![Page 9: Ground waves](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052406/587682741a28ab1b158b6243/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Effects of the Ground
surface wave is very dependant upon the nature of the
ground of which the signal travels. Such as the ff:
• Ground conductivity
• Terrain roughness
• Dielectric constant
![Page 10: Ground waves](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052406/587682741a28ab1b158b6243/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Effects of the ground
• at lower frequency ground penetration is
greater
• at higher frequency ground penetration is
smaller
![Page 11: Ground waves](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052406/587682741a28ab1b158b6243/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Ground Conductivity depends on the ff.
• Soil type and the moisture content ---rich
agricultural or marshy land
• Salty sea water
• Dry sandy terrain and city centers
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Classification Band Frequency Range Characteristic
Extremely low 30 - 300 Hz Ground waves
Voice Frequency 300 Hz – 3 KHz Ground waves
Very low Frequency 1.5 – 20 KHz Ground waves
Low Frequency 30 – 300 KHz Ground waves
Meduim Frequency 300 – 3000 KHz Ground/ sky waves
High Frequency 3 – 30 MHz Sky waves
Very high Frquenncy 30 – 300 MHz Space waves
Ultra high Frequency 300 – 3000 MHz Space waves
Superhigh Frequency 3 – 30 GHz Space waves
Extremely High Frequency 30 - 300GHz Space waves
Infrared > 300 GHz Space waves
![Page 13: Ground waves](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022052406/587682741a28ab1b158b6243/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
THANK YOU!!!
GOD BLESS