Ground Rules of Metabolism Chapter 6 Part 2. Types of Metabolic Pathways A metabolic pathway is any...
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Transcript of Ground Rules of Metabolism Chapter 6 Part 2. Types of Metabolic Pathways A metabolic pathway is any...
![Page 1: Ground Rules of Metabolism Chapter 6 Part 2. Types of Metabolic Pathways A metabolic pathway is any series of enzyme- mediated reactions by which a.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070415/5697bfb61a28abf838c9df43/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Ground Rules of Metabolism
Chapter 6 Part 2
![Page 2: Ground Rules of Metabolism Chapter 6 Part 2. Types of Metabolic Pathways A metabolic pathway is any series of enzyme- mediated reactions by which a.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070415/5697bfb61a28abf838c9df43/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Types of Metabolic Pathways
A metabolic pathway is any series of enzyme-mediated reactions by which a cell builds, rearranges, or breaks down an organic substance• Anabolic pathways build molecules• Catabolic pathways break apart molecules• Cyclic pathways regenerate a molecule from the
first step
![Page 3: Ground Rules of Metabolism Chapter 6 Part 2. Types of Metabolic Pathways A metabolic pathway is any series of enzyme- mediated reactions by which a.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070415/5697bfb61a28abf838c9df43/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Controls Over Metabolism
Feedback mechanisms can adjust enzyme production, or activate or inhibit enzymes
Regulatory molecules can bind to an allosteric site to activate or inhibit enzymes• Feedback inhibition
![Page 4: Ground Rules of Metabolism Chapter 6 Part 2. Types of Metabolic Pathways A metabolic pathway is any series of enzyme- mediated reactions by which a.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070415/5697bfb61a28abf838c9df43/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Allosteric Control
![Page 5: Ground Rules of Metabolism Chapter 6 Part 2. Types of Metabolic Pathways A metabolic pathway is any series of enzyme- mediated reactions by which a.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070415/5697bfb61a28abf838c9df43/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Animation: Allosteric activation
![Page 6: Ground Rules of Metabolism Chapter 6 Part 2. Types of Metabolic Pathways A metabolic pathway is any series of enzyme- mediated reactions by which a.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070415/5697bfb61a28abf838c9df43/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Animation: Allosteric inhibition
![Page 7: Ground Rules of Metabolism Chapter 6 Part 2. Types of Metabolic Pathways A metabolic pathway is any series of enzyme- mediated reactions by which a.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070415/5697bfb61a28abf838c9df43/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Feedback Inhibition
![Page 8: Ground Rules of Metabolism Chapter 6 Part 2. Types of Metabolic Pathways A metabolic pathway is any series of enzyme- mediated reactions by which a.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070415/5697bfb61a28abf838c9df43/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Animation: Feedback inhibition
![Page 9: Ground Rules of Metabolism Chapter 6 Part 2. Types of Metabolic Pathways A metabolic pathway is any series of enzyme- mediated reactions by which a.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070415/5697bfb61a28abf838c9df43/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Redox Reactions
Oxidation-reduction reactions (paired reactions)• A molecule that gives up or donate electrons is
oxidized• A molecule that accepts or gain electrons is
reduced• Coenzymes can accept molecules in redox
reactions (also called electron transfers)
![Page 10: Ground Rules of Metabolism Chapter 6 Part 2. Types of Metabolic Pathways A metabolic pathway is any series of enzyme- mediated reactions by which a.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070415/5697bfb61a28abf838c9df43/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
ATP Synthesis
Coenzymes deliver electrons to electron transfer chains for ATP synthesis
Electron transfer chain• A series of redox reactions in membrane-bound
enzymes or molecules that release energy in small, controlled steps
![Page 11: Ground Rules of Metabolism Chapter 6 Part 2. Types of Metabolic Pathways A metabolic pathway is any series of enzyme- mediated reactions by which a.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070415/5697bfb61a28abf838c9df43/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Fig. 6-17, p. 101
nutrientsEnergy-releasing reactions breakdown
products(carbohydrates, fats, proteins)
ADP + Pi
oxidized coenzymes
(e. g., carbon dioxide; water)
reduced coenzymesATP
molecules of life Energy-requiring reactions
small organic molecules
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Key Players in Metabolic Reactions
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Animation: Enzymes and activation energy
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Animation: Enzymes and temperature
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Video: Alcohol, enzymes, and your liver