Gripping,Prying and Twisting

8/8/2019 Gripping,Prying and Twisting

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INTRODUCTION

Tool is defined as implements used to modify raw materials for human use. It is

considered as extension of hand thereby increasing its speed,power and accuracy

regarded as man's partner in his struggle for survival. Hand tools are very important to us

because it help us in doing things especially in the field of woodworking.

In performing wood workings, we need hand tools or devices that can help us.

Every tool has a purpose in constructing an object. Gripping,Prying and Twisting tools

are kinds of hand tool for performing work on a material or physical system using only

hands.

Carpentry tools may be classified according to function. Some are use for guiding

and testing tools, marking tools, measuring tools, holding tools, toothed cutting

tools,sharped edge cutting tools,rough facing tools,smooth facing tools,boring tools

fastening tools, sharpening tools and working bench.

Gripping,Prying and Twisting tools are one of these kind. May be we are not

familiar to these kind of tools. Some kind of these are pliers and wrenches

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Gripping,Prying and Twisting tools may be classified as pliers or wrenches.

A. Wrenches

A wrench is a tool specially designed to tighten or loosen nuts, bolts, studs, and

pipes. Wrenches are forged from steel alloy to prevent breakage. There are many differ-

ent types of wrenches. Each type has its own use. By using the proper wrench for the task

to be done, you will not break the wrench, damage the equipment, or cause personal

injury.

The following sections intended to give you information on the different wrench types.

The engineer’s DOUBLE OPENED WRENCH

has different size openings on each end.This type of an arrangement permits a smaller

number of wrenches to complete a set. The engineer’s double open-end wrench is also

used to reach behind or below blind surfaces.

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The engineer’s SINGLE OPENED WRENCH has a long smooth shank

providing the user with a better gripping surface. It is used to reach behind or

below blind surfaces.

OPEN-END WRENCHES .All open-end wrenches have open jaws on

one or both ends of the wrench. Most jaw openings are offset from the shank portion of

the wrench by 15 degrees. The wrench length is determined by the size of the jaw

opening.

The CONSTRUCTION WRENCH combines the open-end jaw with a

long tapered shank providing a wrench/alignment punch combination. The construction

wrench is used in the building trades and on heavy objects which require alignment

before fasten

B. Pliers

Pliers are hand tool used to hold objects firmly, or for cutting and bending tough

materials such as wire. Generally, pliers consist of a pair of metal first class level joined

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at a fulcrum positioned closer to one end of the levers, creating short jaws on one side of

the fulcrum, and longer handle on the other side. This arrangement creates a mechanical

advantage, allowing the force of the handsgrip to be amplified and focused on an object

with precision. The jaws can also be used to manipulate objects too small or unwieldy to

be manipulated with the fingers.

As pliers in the general sense are an ancient and simple invention, no single point

in history, or single inventor, can be credited. Early metal working processes from several

millennia BCE would have required plier-like devices to handle hot materials in the

process of smithing or casting. Development from wooden to bronze pliers would have

probably happened sometime prior to . Among the oldest illustrations of pliers are those

showing the Greek god Hephaestus in his forge. Today, pliers intended principally to be

used for safely handling hot objects are usually called tongs. The number of different

designs of pliers grew with the invention of the different objects which they were used to

handle: horseshoes, fasteners, wire, pipes, electrical and electronic components.

There are many kinds of pliers made for various general and specific purpose.

NEEDLE-NOSE PLIERS

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Needle-nose pliers are used in the same manner as duckbill pliers.

However, there is a difference in the design of the jaws. Needle-nose jaws are

tapered to a point, which makes them adapted to installing and removing small

cotter pins. They have serrations at the nose end and a side cutter near the throat.

Needle-nose pliers may be used to hold small items steady, to cut and bend safety

wire, or to do numerous other jobs that are too intricate or too difficult to be done

by hand alone. NOTE Duckbill and needle-nose pliers are especially delicate. Care

should be exercised when using these pliers to prevent springing, breaking,or

chipping the jaws. Once these pliers are damaged,they are practically useless.

GRIPPING PLIERS

Lineman's pliers (combination pliers)

Flat-nose pliers (duckbill pliers) With long, narrow, flat jaws, they are

stronger than needle-nose pliers, but less able to reach into really confined

spaces

Needle-nose pliers (long-nose pliers, snipe-nose pliers) which have long,

narrow jaws for gripping in confined spaces

Parallel pliers which have jaws (usually smooth) which come together in a

completely parallel motion, as opposed to regular pliers which rotate until

contact. This design is intended to increase the surface area on materials the

pliers are used on, decreasing pressure and potential for causing indentations.

SPECIAL PURPOSE PLIERS

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Wire-stripping pliers -cuts & removes insulation on electrical wire

while leaving the wire intact

Fencing tools - include a hammer, wire cutter and nail puller on one

tool

Nail-pulling pliers - an adaptation of the end nipper used for cutting

wire; the jaws may be asymmetric, allowing the nail to be pulled out

with a rocking motion on the surface in which it is embedded.

ADJUSTABLE PLIERS

Slip joint pliers, which are similar to combination pliers but whose pivot can

be slipped between two holes when the jaws are fully open to change their

sizecalled

Tongue-and-groove pliers (groove-joint pliers, water-pump pliers,

Channellocks), with adjustable jaw sizes, that are designed to grip various

sizes of round, hexagon, flat or similarly shaped objects

ROTATIONAL PLIERS

Developed by NASA engineers to enable an astronaut to turn a nut in

weightlessness. The linear motion of the hand is converted to rotational

motion to drive a socket wrench.

DIFFERENT KINDS OF PLIERS

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SLIP JOINT PLIERS DIAGONAL PLIERS

LINEMAN PLIERS

PINCERS

CRIMPING PLIERS

CONCLUSION

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We therefore conclude that being familiar in this kind of tools is important.

Being associated in this tools are hard especially when you dont really now how to use it.

In this paper we represent some kind of of gripping tools. Carelessnes during the time

you are using this kind of tools may hurt you.

Nearly all sidecutting pliers and diagonals are designed o that the cutting edges

can be reground. Some older models of pliers will not close if material is ground from

cutting edges,never take any more material from the jaws. Note that when jaws on pliers

do not open enough to permit grinding, remove the pin that attaches the two halves of the

pliers, so that the jaws can be separated. The serrat on the jaws of the pliers must be

sharp.they should be keep stored in a toolbox in such a manner that the jaws cannot be

injured by striking hard objects.

Care should be exercised when using these pliers to prevent springing,

breaking,or chipping the jaws. Once these pliers are damaged,they are practically useless.

Pliers and wrenches are very helpful tools in carpentry. It was used in many

woodworking activities.

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Gripping,Prying and Twisting

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