Grimes Mcfarland Marea-presentation Fall2012
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Transcript of Grimes Mcfarland Marea-presentation Fall2012
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7/27/2019 Grimes Mcfarland Marea-presentation Fall2012
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ALGAE-DERIVED BIOFUELS:
COMPARATIVE ALGAL YIELD OF
AUTOTROPHIC, HETEROTROPHIC, ANDMIXOTROPHIC GROWTH CONDITIONS
Andrea McFarland 2012 MAREA
Kassandra Grimes Breinigsville, PARowanUniversity
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Overview
Background and Introduction
Purpose and Measure of Experiment
Experimental Setup
Results and Discussion
Conclusions
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Background
Fossil fuels becoming
scarcer
Attention directed to
biofuel research Algal colonies are
easy to grow and
harvest
Produce more lipids
when stressed
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Background Growth Conditions
Autotrophic
Algae gain energy from a light source using
photosynthesis
Heterotrophic Photosynthesis is inhibited and algae gain energy from
dissolved organic matter
Mixotrophic Algae gain energy using both photosynthesis and
dissolved organic matter
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Background Microalgal Species
Chlorella vulgaris
Circular shaped algae,
2-5 m in size
Widely studied algal
species for biodiesel
production
Lipid content 14-22%dry cell weight (DCW)
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Purpose of Experiment
Explore the advantages of light-deprived algae
Reduce energy consumption
Reduce cost of algal cultivation
Provide a more feasible method of algae production
Compare autotrophic, heterotrophic, and
mixotrophic growth analyses
Determine optimal growth method for lipid yield andalgal growth
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Measures of Experiment
Algae Growth
Monitored daily with a spectrophotometer using optical
density at 625 nm wavelength
Glucose ExtractionMonitored using a HACH Test N Tube Chemical Oxygen
Demand
Lipid Yield Taken at the conclusion of the experiment using the Bligh
and Dyer Lipid Extraction Method
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Experimental Setup
1,000 mL beakers
600:400mL Medium to Algae
500 mg/L glucose concentration
4.7 mg/L DCMU concentration (Dichlorophenyl dimethylurea)
Modified Jar test setup
90 rev/min
18:6 hour light-dark cycle (Light) 400 ft-c (Light)
Retrofitted cardboard boxes behind blackout curtain (Dark)
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Experimental Setup
Light
Control
1
Light
Control
2
Light
DCMU
1
Light
DCMU
2
Light
Glucose
1
Light
Glucose
2
Light
DCMU
Glucose
1
Light
DCMU
Glucose
2
Dark
Control1
Dark
Control2
DCMU
1
DCMU
2
Glucose
1
Glucose
2
DCMU
Glucose1
DCMU
Glucose2
Light Experiments
Dark Experiments
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Growth Curves for Each Condition
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
2
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
AlgaeC
oncentration(Ab
sorbance)
Time (Days)
Light Control
Light, DCMU
Light, Glucose
Light, DCMU, Glucose
Dark ControlDCMU
Glucose
DCMU, Glucose
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Carbon Consumption in Different Growth Conditions
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
COD(mg/L)
Time (Days)
Light Control
Light, DCMU
Light, Glucose
Light, DCMU, Glucose
Dark Control
DCMU
Glucose
DCMU, Glucose
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Lipid Analysis of Each Condition
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Light
Control
Light,
DCMU
Light,
Glucose
Light,
DCMU,Glucose
Dark
Control
Dark,
DCMU
Dark,
Glucose
Dark,
DCMU,Glucose
Lipids(%DCW
)
Light Control
Light, DCMU
Light, Glucose
Light, DCMU, Glucose
Autotrophic
Neutral
Mixotrophic
Heterotrophic
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Summary of Experimental Results
Growth
Condition
Growth Rate
(Day-1)
R2
(unitless)
Carbon
Consumption
(%)
Lipid Yield
(% DCW)
Lipid Normalized
Production Weight
(Days-1)
Light Control 0.0578 0.955 - 1.4 0.081
Light, DCMU 0.0468 0.829 99.2 2.8 0.131Light, Glucose 0.2124 0.897 90.8 4.2 0.893
Light, DCMU,
Glucose0.1473 0.925 86.0 6.7 0.987
Dark Control -0.0070 1.000 - 2.4 0.017
Dark, DCMU -0.0005 1.000 97.2 1.7 0.001
Dark, Glucose 0.1216 0.885 81.7 4.7 0.572
Dark, DCMU,
Glucose0.0725 0.9092 85.9 5.3 0.384
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Conclusions
Heterotrophic conditions showed highest lipid yields
and second-highest growth rates
Mixotrophic condition showed the highest growth
rate overall Results support idea of DCMU being used as
additional source of carbon
Heterotrophic growth conditions were shown toprovide an effective environment for lipid
production and growth of C. vulgaris
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ALGAE-DERIVED BIOFUELS:
COMPARATIVE ALGAL YIELD OF
AUTOTROPHIC, HETEROTROPHIC, AND
MIXOTROPHIC GROWTH CONDITIONS
2012 MAREA
Breinigsville, PARowanUniversity
Andrea McFarland
Kassandra Grimes