A PPARC funded project AstroGrid Grid Data Warehouse Iteration 5 workgroup meeting.
GridPP Building a UK Computing Grid for Particle Physics A PPARC funded project.
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Transcript of GridPP Building a UK Computing Grid for Particle Physics A PPARC funded project.
GridPPBuilding a UK Computing Grid for Particle Physics
www.gridpp.ac.uk
A PPARC funded project
CERN Large Hadron Collider
•The world’s highest energy particle physics accelerator
•Due to turn on in 2007
•Looking for the Higgs boson, supersymmetry, quark-gluon plasmas, micro-black holes….
• LHC will collide beams of protons at an energy of 14 TeV
• Using the latest super-conducting technologies, it will operate at about – 2700C, just above absolute zero of temperature.
• With its 27 km circumference, the accelerator will be the largest superconducting installation in the world.
How will LHC work?
4 LHC Experiments
CMS- general purpose detector
- muon tracking, electromagnetic calorimeter, central tracking and hadron calorimeter
ATLAS- general purpose: origin of mass, supersymmetry, micro-black holes
- 2,000 scientists from 34 countries
LHCb- to study the differences between matter and antimatter
- producing over 100 million b and b-bar mesons each year
ALICE- heavy ion collisions, to create quark-gluon plasmas
- 50,000 particles in each collision
• A particle collision = an event
• Physicist's goal is to count, trace and characterize all the particles produced and fully reconstruct the process.
• Among all tracks, the presence of “special shapes” is the sign for the occurrence of interesting interactions.
One way to find the Higgs boson: look for characteristic decay pattern producing 4 muons
The LHC Data Challenge
Starting from this event…
..we are looking for this “signature”
Selectivity: 1 in 1013
Like looking for 1 person in a thousand world populations
Or for a needle in 20 million haystacks!
The LHC Data Challenge
LHC data
• 40 million collisions per second
•After filtering, 100 collisions of interest per second
• A Megabyte of data digitised for each collision = recording rate of 0.1 Gigabytes/sec
• 1010 collisions recorded each year = 10 Petabytes/year of data
Concorde(15 Km)
Balloon(30 Km)
DVD stack with1 year LHC data(~ 20 Km)
Mt. Blanc(4.8 Km)
1 Gigabyte (1GB) = 1000MBA CD album
1 Terabyte (1TB)= 1000GBWorld annual book production
1 Petabyte (1PB)= 1000TBAnnual production of one LHC experiment
1 Exabyte (1EB)= 1000 PBWorld annual information production
LHC processing
• Simulation: start from theory and detector characteristics and compute what detector should have seen
• Reconstruction: transform signals from the detector to physical properties (energies, charge of particles, ..)
• Analysis: Find collisions with similar features, use of complex algorithms to extract physics…
LHC Computing Grid (LCG)
By 2007:- 100,000 CPU- 300 institutions worldwide
- building on software being developed in advanced grid technology projects, both in Europe and in the USA
Currently running on around 200 sites.
LCG monitoring applet
• Monitor:– resource brokers– virtual
organisations• ATLAS• CMS• LHCb• DTeam• Other
• SQL queries to logging and book-keeping database
R-GMA
• Information and monitoring tool developed by Rutherford Appleton Laboratory
• Matches up users’ jobs with suitable resources
• Monitors the progress of jobs • Deployed in LCG middleware and gLite
R-GMA structure
Enabling Grids for E-sciencE
Deliver a 24/7 Grid service to European science
•build a consistent, robust and secure Grid network that will attract additional computing resources. •continuously improve and maintain the middleware in order to deliver a reliable service to users. •attract new users from industry as well as science and ensure they receive the high standard of training and support they need.
•100 million euros/4years, funded by EC
• >400 software engineers + service support
• 70 European partners
Interoperability
OSG
GridPP – the UK’s contribution to LCG
•19 UK Universities, CCLRC (RAL & Daresbury) and CERN
•Funded by the UK Particle Physics and Astronomy Research Council (PPARC)
•£33m, over 2001-2007
Applications - LHC
ATLAS• GANGA software framework (jointly with LHCb)• data challenges• producing Monte Carlo data
LHCb• DIRAC software to submit jobs using Grid• 2004 data challenge 190m events, 65TB
CMS• Monte Carlo production, data transfer, job submission• Data challenge 75 million events, 150TB
Applications – US experiments
BaBar (SLAC)- investigating asymmetry between matter and antimatter - aim to use LCG to run:
- Monte Carlo events- analysis of real data
SAM and SamGrid (Fermilab)- used by the D0 and CDF experiments and being tested by MINOS- combines SAM (datahandling system) with JIM (Job information and management)
Applications – other experiments
ZEUS• a large particle detector at the electron-proton collider HERA at the DESY laboratory in Hamburg• needs the Grid to respond to increasing demand for MC production• 1 million events on Grid since August 2004
QCDGrid• For Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) • Currently a 6-site data grid • Key technologies used
- Globus Toolkit 2.4- European Data Grid-eXist XML database
•Multi-terabyte storage facility
Middleware Development
Network Monitoring Security
Information Services
UK Tier-1/A Centre – Rutherford Appleton
Laboratory
• High quality data services• National and International
Role• UK focus for International Grid
development
Grid Operations Centre
•1000 Dual CPU
•200 TB Disk•220 TB Tape (Capacity 1PB)
UK Tier-2 Centres
ScotGridDurham Edinburgh Glasgow NorthGridDaresbury Lancaster LiverpoolManchester Sheffield
SouthGridBirmingham Bristol CambridgeOxford RAL PPD Warwick
LondonGridBrunel Imperial QMUL RHUL UCL