Green Recovery And Reconstruction: Training Toolkit For Humanitarian Aid

Construction

Session 2: Sustainable Construction

Design Fundamentals

2Mod 6 Ses 2

In this session we will discuss… Key challenges of sustainable construction

The concept of the “Green Baton”

The importance and value of several fundamental sustainable construction design concepts

How to use these fundamental design concepts to analyze and recommend solutions to several sustainable construction case study challenges

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Key Challenges Lack of understanding of ecological impact of

construction activities Lack of early rapid environmental assessment Use of hazardous materials Special interests who don’t prioritize sustainable

construction Disregard for the local population Poor planning by project managers Others?

How is sustainable construction impacted by these challenges?

(write 1 challenge per card)

4Mod 6 Ses 2

The “Green Baton” Concept

More Sustainable

Briefing DesignDetail

DesignProd’n

InfoTenderAction

SiteOptions

HandoverAnd O + M

Client Design Team Contractor Affected Population

‘The Green Baton may be dropped at key points in the process…Once dropped, it is difficult to pick up again and regain lost ground.’ Howard Liddell

LessSustainable

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Picking Up the Baton What experience do you have for the baton being

dropped? When & How?

What might be the reasons at different stages of construction that some stakeholders may drop the green baton?

How can we pick up the baton? Or not let it fall? What actions are needed at different stages taken by different stakeholders?

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Design Challenges & Solutions

Choice of Materials

“ The choice of materials can impact the host community, the environment and future maintenance needs...”

How?

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Impacts of Material Choices

The project manager must weigh the potential impacts at each stage

Extraction, mining, harvesting

Processing and production

Transportation & distribution

Packaging

Building

Disposal

Environmental impact?

Environmental impact?

Environmental impact?

Environmental impact?

Environmental impact?

Environmental impact?

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Design Challenges & Solutions Use of Existing Materials

With this workshop, on the topic of construction, we go deeper and discuss

Reduce Reuse Recycle Refuse (to build) Repair Recover (energy)

In the workshop Materials and the Supply Chain we discussed the 3-Rs: Reduce, Reuse, Recycle

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Ore, stone, clay, Oil, timber, plants, etc.

Metals, chemicals,

cement, fired Clay , fibre,

sawn timber, etc.

Building

Structural materials,

climatic materials, surface materials

Waste

Primary refining process

Secondary refining process

BuildingprocessMining,

Drilling, harvesting

Dumping Use

OreOil

Timber

The Earth

Berge’s Cycle of Materials

Recycle Reuse

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Support legal and sustainable practices

Minimize packaging in procurement of materials

Purchase materials locally when practical

Do no harm concept: environmental and economic impact

Design Challenges & SolutionsSourcing & Procurement

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Challenge vs. Solution

Illegally cut lumber in Brazil Wood certified as harvested responsibly

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Design Challenges & SolutionsEnergy & Climate Concerns

Solar orientation

Energy efficiency, insulation, ventilation, etc.

Climate type: hot/dry, hot/humid, or cold

Summer

Winter

South North

Summer

Winter

South North

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Recycling of grey water Septic tanks Treatment wetlands

Design Challenges & Solutions Water & Wastewater

Photo credit: Manoocher Deghati/IRIN 13

Challenge

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One Solution: Treatment Wetland

Janakaraj Murali - Constructed Wetlands in Phang Nga, Thailand

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Design Challenges & Solutions Getting local community acceptance

Community participation

Knowledge sharing

Analysis of existing, traditional practices

Photo by David Gazashvili, CARE Int’l

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Design Challenges & Solutions Existing, traditional practices

Traditional construction techniques Use local skills & materials; can be implemented faster, to higher standard

Space use norms defined by culture & function; can dictate use of building: fully used, partially used, sold, or abandoned

External space use norms should be considered (e.g. outdoor cooking in hot dry climates

Religious, other beliefs can affect construction (e.g. direction a building and/or its entrances must face)

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Design Failure vs. Success

This proposed shelter is said to be earth-friendly, non-toxic and can be

assembled easily and quickly in disaster area. BUT, it doesn’t meet

basic human needs.

School built in Maldives after tsunami

http://www.iaacblog.com/AAC2007-finalists/wp-content/uploads/2008/02/42cdb3panel3_1.jpg

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Key challenges confronting:

• the affected?

• the Government?

• the international community?

Current priorities?

Solutions to minimize environmental impact and to provide for positive and sustainable reconstruction outcomes for the affected population ?

Case Study: Kenya FloodsPhoto credit: Richard Lough/IRIN

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19Mod 6 Ses 2

Case Study: Pakistan Earthquake

Photo credit: Edward Parsons/IRIN

Key challenges confronting:

• the affected?

•the Government?

• the international community?

Current priorities?

Solutions to minimize environmental impact and to provide for positive and sustainable reconstruction outcomes for the affected population ?

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20Mod 6 Ses 2

Case Study: Sri Lanka TsunamiPhoto credit: WFP/Jordan Dey

Key challenges confronting:

• the affected?

• the Government?

• the international community?

Current priorities?

Solutions to minimize environmental impact and to provide for positive and sustainable reconstruction outcomes for the affected population ?

21Mod 6 Ses 2

Case Study: Peru Earthquake

Key challenges confronting:

• the affected?

• the Government?

• the international community?

Current priorities?

Solutions to minimize environmental impact and to provide for positive and sustainable reconstruction outcomes for the affected population ?

Photo credit: USGS

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Case Study Reports

Key challenges confronting: the affected? the Government? the international community?

Current priorities? Solutions to minimize environmental impact and to

provide for long-term sustainable reconstruction?

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More about Construction after Lunch