Green Projects and Energy Sustainability in Florida Local

Governments

Jessica Terman, M.P.A.

Ph.D. Candidate

Askew School of Public Administration

Presentation to Leroy Collins Institute Executive Board

March 21, 2012

Presentation Outline

1. What is energy sustainability? To what extent is it being done at the local level?

2. What are Florida local governments doing and where are they falling short?- Practices in green government- Incentivizing green industry

3. What are best practices for green government?

4. What are practices for incentivizing green industry?

5. What can the state do to help local governments?

The What and Why: Energy Efficiency and Sustainability

• What: Cities want to maximize current and future conservation efforts, energy use and production.

• Why:

– Cost Reduction: Cities believe these projects will have the potential to reduce energy costs.

– Economic Growth: Cities see these projects as a way to stimulate the local economy.

– Manageable Goals: Cities are less focused on larger goals of climate change and green house gas

reduction.

How Important is attracting green development and business?

Does the Economic Development Plan Address Energy or Climate Issues?

  Yes No Totala

Most Important 4 (4%) 4 (4%) 8Highly Important 4 (4%) 24 (24%) 28Somewhat Important 4 (4%) 41 (46%) 45 Not Important 0 (0%) 20 (20%) 20 (20%)  12 (12%) 89 (88%) 101

a Percentages may not add up because of rounding.

Local Prioritization of Energy Efficiency

Important Somewhat Important Not Important

10%

3%1%

41%

28%

5%4% 4% 4%

Great ExtentSomewhatNot at all

Importance of Energy Issues

Eff

ort

to R

educ

e E

nerg

y U

sage

How Important is attracting green development and business?

Does the Economic Development Plan Address Energy or Climate Issues?

  Yes No Totala

Most Important 4 (4%) 4 (4%) 8Highly Important 4 (4%) 24 (24%) 28Somewhat Important 4 (4%) 41 (46%) 45 Not Important 0 (0%) 20 (20%) 20 (20%)  12 (12%) 89 (88%) 101

a Percentages may not add up because of rounding.

Green Practices in Government Facilities

Cities Engaged in Green Government Practices

Green

build

ings

Energ

y ef

ficien

t build

ing

retro

fits

Green

pro

cure

men

t

Renew

able

ener

gy u

se

Smar

t grid

/net

mete

ring

35%32%

22%

17%13%

Best Practices:Governments Using All Five Green Practices

Cities Using All Five Practices

Population Median Income

Indian River Shores 3,722 $116,682

Miami 399,457 $29,621

Palm Bay 103,190 $44,528

Tallahassee 181,376 $37,451

City Medians 142,283 $40,990

City Averages 171,936 $57,071

State of Florida 18,801,310 $47,661

45%

20%

14%

12%

6% 3%

Five Practices

Four Practices

Three Practices

Two Practices

One Practice

Zero Practices

Indian River Shores

Miami

Palm Bay

Tallahassee

Commonalities Among Green Practices Best Practices Cities

Best Practices Cities Cities State-Wide

Council-Manager Governments 3 (75%) 128 (78%)

Knowledge Sharing

Contact with County Government 3 (100%) 63 (51%)Metropolitan Planning Organization 3 (100%) 57 (46%)

Contact with Regional Planning groups 3 (100%) 35 (29%)

Contact with Council of Governments 3 (100%) 37 (32%)

Political Support

City Manager 3 (75%) 98 (52%)

Chamber of Commerce 3 (100%) 69 (63%)

City Staff/Employees 4 (100%) 101 (81%)

Local Businesses 2 (67%) 41 (38%)

How Important is attracting green development and business?

Does the Economic Development Plan Address Energy or Climate Issues?

  Yes No Totala

Most Important 4 (4%) 4 (4%) 8Highly Important 4 (4%) 24 (24%) 28Somewhat Important 4 (4%) 41 (46%) 45 Not Important 0 (0%) 20 (20%) 20 (20%)  12 (12%) 89 (88%) 101

a Percentages may not add up because of rounding.

Green Economic Development

How Important is attracting green development and business?

Does the Economic Development Plan Address Energy or Climate Issues?

  Yes No Totala

Most Important 4 (4%) 4 (4%) 8Highly Important 4 (4%) 24 (24%) 28Somewhat Important 4 (4%) 41 (46%) 45 Not Important 0 (0%) 20 (20%) 20 (20%)  12 (12%) 89 (88%) 101

a Percentages may not add up because of rounding.

Cities Engaged in Green Economic Development

How Important is Attracting Green Development and

Business?

Does the Economic Development Plan Address Energy or Climate Issues?

  Yes No Total a

Most Important 4 (4%) 4 (4%) 8 (8%)

Highly Important 4 (4%) 24 (24%) 28 (28%)

Somewhat Important 4 (4%) 41 (41%) 45 (45%)

Not Important 0 (0%) 20 (20%) 20 (20%)

Total a 12 (12%) 89 (88%) 101 (100%)a Percentages may not add up to 100% due to rounding.

Industry Incentives: Green Building and Development Policy

Compa

ct de

velo

pmen

t

Mix

ed-u

se de

velo

pmen

t

Trans

it de

velo

pmen

t

Mul

ti-m

odal

mob

ility

stre

et de

sign

LEED/ gre

en de

velo

pmen

t cer

tifica

tion

51%

69%

51%42%

35%

12% 13% 7%16%

2%

37%

18%

42% 42%

63%

Encouraged Required No policy

13% 14%

21%24%

Industry Incentives: Cities Engaged in Green Economic Development

Best Practices: Cities Using All Four Economic Development Incentives

5% 3%

14%

10%

68%

Four Practices Three PracticesTwo Practices One PracticeZero Practices

Cities Using All Four Incentives

Population Median Income

Cutler Bay 40,286 $61,370

Edgewater 18,668 $45,811

Fort Walton Beach 20,882 $46,974

Groveland 5,923 $52,822

Lakeland 91,623 $40,988

Mangonia Park 2,539 $27,590

Minneola 9,440 $55,503

Palm Bay 79,413 $44,528

City Medians 19,775 $46,393

City Averages 33,597 $46,948

State of Florida 18,801,310 $47,661

Cutler Bay Edgewater Fort Walton Beach Groveland Lakeland Mangonia Park Minneola Palm Bay

Commonalities Among Economic Development Best Practices Cities

Best Practices Cities Cities State-Wide

Council-Manager Governments 8 (100%) 128 (78%)

Knowledge Sharing

Contact with Medium, Large Cities 7 (88%) 40 (33%)Contact with State Agencies 7 (88%) 72 (59%)

Contact with Regional Planning groups 5 (71%) 69 (57%)

Contact with Council of Governments 6 (86%) 37 (32%)

Political Support

City Manager 6 (75%) 98 (52%)

Real Estate Developers 4 (50%) 34 (29%)

Homeowner Associations 4 (50%) 43 (38%)

Local Businesses 6 (75%) 45 (38%)

What is the State Doing?2008 Florida Energy Bill

1. Efficient land use: Redevelopment, Mixed-use

2. GHG reduction: Transportation strategies

3. Energy conservation: Addressing conservation in planning documents

4. Housing design/construction standards: LEED

59% of cities reported changing their comprehensive plans in response to HB 697

Enhancing Sustainability: What Else can the State Do?

Encourage Collaboration:− Coastal Partnership Initiative

Green Purchasing:− State of Florida “Climate Friendly Preferred

Product List” − Joint purchasing across municipalities

Mitigating Other Obstacles:− Identify/analysis cost-benefit of different projects− Educate local planners on sustainable planning and design

Questions