Green Land Cap Ing Assignment
-
Upload
simanga-beatmeat-motsa -
Category
Documents
-
view
223 -
download
0
Transcript of Green Land Cap Ing Assignment
-
8/3/2019 Green Land Cap Ing Assignment
1/27
Veliyaphi Quinton Nhlengethwa
00126826
Landscape gardener
2011
Veliyaphi Nhlengethwa
IDM Swaziland
8/19/2011
Programming methods
-
8/3/2019 Green Land Cap Ing Assignment
2/27
Table of contents
Page
Task 1 ......................................................................................................................... 3
Task 2 ........................................................................................................................ 11
Task 3 ........................................................................................................................ 13
Task 4 ......................................................................................................................... 16
Task 5 ......................................................................................................................... 18
Task 6.......................................................................................................................... 23
Bibliography................................................................................................................. 26
2
-
8/3/2019 Green Land Cap Ing Assignment
3/27
TASK 1
Question
The owner would like the following reports on a regular basis:
Report 1:
A weekly list of all customers using the companys services that week to include, hourly
rate, number of hours worked, details of job carried out and the payment made. This report
should also give a total of hours worked for the week and total payment due.
Report 2:
A weekly list of all employees working that week to include name, hourly rate, number of
hours worked and the payment due. This report should also give a total of the hours worked
and total payment due.
Using JSP techniques and methodology analyse the requirements of both reports. Produce
diagrams for each report showing the step-wise progression. Diagrams should include:
Logical data structure diagrams (DSDs)
3
-
8/3/2019 Green Land Cap Ing Assignment
4/27
Answer
The physical data structure Diagram for Green Landscaping
Figure 1.1: Physical data structure diagram for Green landscaping company
4
Company
records
Employee
s records
Customer
s records
Jobs
records
Employees
Customers
Reservations
Green
Landscaping
Reservatio
ns records
Jobs
Name Addres
Regula
Once-
Name Addres
Type
Patios Gardeni
Paving Plantin
-
8/3/2019 Green Land Cap Ing Assignment
5/27
Logical data structure diagram for report 1 (customers)
Figure 1.2: Logical data structure diagram for customers
Logical data structure diagram for report 2 (employees)
5
Customer
Once-off
Customer
Regular
Customer
WeeklyCustomer
MonthlyCustomer
Fixed hourly
rate
Job done
Fixed hourly
rate
Hourly rate
according to
job done
Hoursworked
Payment
due
Payment
due
Hoursworked
Hoursworked
-
8/3/2019 Green Land Cap Ing Assignment
6/27
Figure 1.3: Logical data structure diagram for employees
Preliminary program structures.
Preliminary program structure for report 1 (customers)
6
Employees
Director Other
Employees
Name Hours worked
Payment due
Hourly rate
Hours worked
Payment due
Customer
report
ProcessingInitializing ClosingOpen files Print
headings
Process
records of
each
customer
Print footer Close filesCustomer
details
Total hours
worked
Print line
on the
Total
payment
Job done
-
8/3/2019 Green Land Cap Ing Assignment
7/27
Figure 1.4: Preliminary program structures for customers
Preliminary program structure for report 2 (employees)
7
Employees
report
ProcessingInitializing ClosingOpen all files Print
headings
Process
records for
Print footer Close all filesEmployees
details
Total hours
worked
Print a line
on the report
Total
payment due
-
8/3/2019 Green Land Cap Ing Assignment
8/27
Figure 1.5: Preliminary program structure for employees
The detailed program specification for each report.
According to Gary B. Shelly 2007
Program specifications for report 1 (customers)
Date submitted:
15 August 2011
8
-
8/3/2019 Green Land Cap Ing Assignment
9/27
Application title:
Customer report
Purpose:
The program categorise customers and then calculate payment due according to
nature of job done against hours worked.
Program procedure:
In a Windows application the user/ owner should enter the customer name, whether he is a
once-off or regular customer, nature of job done and hours worked and charge per hour. If
the customer is a once-off customer then the pay/ charge should be calculated according to
nature of job done and the hourly rate. If he is a regular customer he can either be a weekly
or a monthly customer, whose charge will be calculated not according job done but only
according to hours worked. The programme or application should compute and display the
payment due either in once-off customers and regular customers.
Algorithms, Processing and Conditions
1. The user/ owner should be able to enter customer name, hours, nature of job and
rate per hour.
2. The user/ owner should be able to indicate whether its a once-off or regular
customer.
3. The user/ owner should be able to initiate the calculation and the display of the
payment due based on whether he is a once-off customer or regular customer.
4. The program should be able to print the results or report.
5. The program should be able to clear the inputs and results after the owner is done.
Program specifications for report 2 (employees)
Date submitted:
15 August 2011
Application title:
9
-
8/3/2019 Green Land Cap Ing Assignment
10/27
Employee report
Purpose:
The program should list all employees working that week and then calculate salary/ payment
due according to hours worked.
Program procedure:
In a windows application the user/ owner should enter the employees name, hours worked
and pay per hour. The program should compute and display the payment due.
Algorithms, Processing and conditions:
1. The user/ owner should be able to enter employee name, hours worked and rate perhour.
2. The user/ owner should be able to initiate the calculation and display the payment,
salary due.
3. The program should be able to print the results or report.
4. The program should be able to clear the input and the results after the owner is done.
( Gary B. Shelly 2007)
TASK 2
Question
Draw a flowchart for each of the two reports specified in task 1.
10
-
8/3/2019 Green Land Cap Ing Assignment
11/27
Answer
Flow chart for report 1 (customers)
start
Entercustomer
name ,
Regular
customer
Get hoursworked & rate
per hour
Calculate paymentdue
Get nature ofjob, hours
worked &hour rate
Calculate paymentdue according to
job done
Print report
End
No Yes
Clear inputs andresults
Until all
Customers
Are finished
Figure 2.1 Flowchart for customers
Flow chart for report 2 (employees)
11
-
8/3/2019 Green Land Cap Ing Assignment
12/27
start
Enter name, get
hours worked
and rate perhour
Employee = 3 Calculate payment Increment
Display
payment
Print report
End
No
Yes
Figure 2.2 Flowchart for employees
TASK 3
Question
12
-
8/3/2019 Green Land Cap Ing Assignment
13/27
a) Write pseudocode for each of the two reports described in Task 1.
Answer
(i) Pseudocode for report 1 (customers)
Use variables: customer type OF TYPE Character
hours worked, hourly rate, payment due and nature of job OF TYPE Real
name OF TYPE String
Display Type one of the following
Display O=Once-off customer
Display R=Regular Customer
REPEAT
DISPLAY enter customer name
ACCEPT name
DISPLAY type in the letter chosen
DISPLAY O := once-off customer
DISPLAY R := regular customer
ACCEPT customer type
IF customer type = O
THEN payment due := hours worked*hourly rate, according to job done.
ENDIF
IF customer type = R
THEN payment due := hours worked*hourly rate
ENDIF
UNTIL customer := 0
13
-
8/3/2019 Green Land Cap Ing Assignment
14/27
DISPLAY payment due for once-off customers
DISPLAY payment due for regular customers
END Program
(ii)Pseudocode for report 2 (customer)
Use variables: name OF TYPE String
Hours worked, hourly rate and payment due OF TYPE Float
REPEAT
DISPLAY enter customer name
ACCEPT name
DISPLAY get hours worked
ACCEPT hours worked
DISPLAY get hourly rate
ACCEPT hourly rate
Payment due := hours worked * hourly rate
PRINT payment due
END Program
Question
b) Write pseudocode for a reports main menu. Note: you are not expected to writepseudocode for the options, only the code to navigate the menu is required.
14
-
8/3/2019 Green Land Cap Ing Assignment
15/27
Answer
Pseudocode for the main menu
Main Menu
DISPLAY Customer Report
DISPLAY Employee Report
DISPLAY Exit
ACCEPT Choice
IF choice Customer Report
Then Customer Report = Customer Report
ENDIF
IF choice Employee Report
THEN Employee Report = Employee Report
ENDIF
ELSE invalid
ENDPROGRAM
15
-
8/3/2019 Green Land Cap Ing Assignment
16/27
TASK 4
Question
Test the pseudocode written in task 3a by producing test plans, desk checks and dry runs.
Answer
Report 1 test plan
Purpose
The purpose of this test plan is to ensure a weekly report of customers using THE GREEN
LANDSCAPING companys services is printed.
Items to be tested
o Requirements specification
o Design specification
Features to be tested
o Calculating and printing of reports/ payment due.
o Printing of customer details.
o Printing of service details.
o Calculating and printing of hours worked.
Pass / fail criteria
o Printing of full customer and job details.
o Printing of report totals.
Employee Customer Job Hourly rate Hours
worked
Payment
due
1 001 Patio 140 9 12602 002 Pool 100 5 500
16
-
8/3/2019 Green Land Cap Ing Assignment
17/27
3 003 Planting 120 6 720
Total 20 2480
Table 4.1: Test plan
Report 2 Test plan
Purpose
The purpose of this test is to ensure a weekly report of work done by employees can be
printed.
Items to be tested
o Requirements specification
o Design specification
Features to be tested
o Calculating and printing of total payment due.
o Printing of employees details.
o Printing of job details
o Calculating and printing of total hours worked by employees.
Pass / fail criteria
o Printing of full employee and job details.
o Printing of reports.
Employee Job Hourly rate Hours worked Payment
1 Patio 140 8 1120
2 Pool 100 2 200
3 Planting 120 3 360
Total 1680
17
-
8/3/2019 Green Land Cap Ing Assignment
18/27
Table 4.2: Report 2 test plan
Task 5
Question
Give a detailed explanation of how modelling the new system using object oriented (oo)
methods would differ from the methods used from the methods used in tasks 1-4 above.
Create a top-level class diagram for the system including attributes and operations.
Create a use case diagram for the system.
Answer
General comparison
There are basically two approaches to system development.
1. The object oriented approach.
2. The traditional approach / structured system development.
The object oriented approach
This approach views systems as made of objects that interact with each other to perform
system tasks.
18
-
8/3/2019 Green Land Cap Ing Assignment
19/27
Figure 5.1:
Object oriented analysis
Shows all the objects in the system and how they interact with each other and the users of
the system.
Object oriented design
Looks for additional objects that enable interaction and how the objects communicate to
perform system tasks.
Object oriented programming
Using an object oriented language to specify system objects and what they do.
Benefits of object oriented approach
According to structured programming methods, the benefits of object oriented approach are:
1. Natural
2. Reuse of objects
The traditional approach
According to Programming methods by NCC education, the structured traditional approach
is made up of three techniques:
1. Structured analysis
2. Structured design
19
-
8/3/2019 Green Land Cap Ing Assignment
20/27
3. Modular programming
Figure 5.2:
Structured programming
According to Programming methods by NCC , a structured program has one entry point an
done exit point. Algorithms consist of three main structures.
A. Sequence
B. Selection
C. Repetition
Top-down programming
This is where a large program is divided into smaller programs that perform single taskscalled modules. The main module calls the lower modules in a hierarchical structure.
Structured design
The two principles:
o Loose coupling-each module is independent of other modules.
o High cohesiveness-each module performs a single task.
Modern structured analysis
20
-
8/3/2019 Green Land Cap Ing Assignment
21/27
This technique helps to determine the processing requirements and data storage
requirements of a system. Two models are used:
o The data flow diagram (DFD) for process model.
o The entity relationship diagram (ERD) for data modelling.
Disadvantages of the traditional approach
o Process centred
o Not comprehensive
o There are many variations in practice.
Top-level class diagram for the system
21
Employee
Name
Address
GetReservation
Reservation
Date/time
Job Type
Duration
Customer
Employee
Calculate Payment
-
8/3/2019 Green Land Cap Ing Assignment
22/27
Figure 5.1: Top-level class diagram
Use case diagram
22
Register
Employee/custo
mer
PrintEmployee/customerRecord
UpdateEmployee/customerRecord
Add
Employee/custo
mer RecordDelete
Employee/custom
er Record
Check
Hourly Rate
Log on
Check
Payments
Select
Employee/cust
omer
-
8/3/2019 Green Land Cap Ing Assignment
23/27
Figure 5.3: Use case diagram
TASK 6
Question
In more than 500 words, write a review of your work. Describe any assumptions you
have made, any weaknesses in your work and any changes you could introduce to
improve your work. For the different methods and techniques you have used or
described in tasks 1-5, suggest which methods would be appropriate for different
programming languages.
Answer
Task 1 consists of reports on customers and employees for Green Landscape
Gardner. These reports were produced using Logical Data Structure Diagrams (DSD)
and Program Data Structure (PSD) showing the step-wise progressions involved.
The Program Specification was produced for both reports.
Task 2 is flowcharts for both reports specified in task 1. In task 3, a pseudocode for
report 1, 2 and the main menu is produced.
In task 4, pseudocode written in task three are tested by producing test plans, dry
runs and desk checks.
In task 5, UMLs are used. A high-class diagram is created for Green Landscape
Gardners system, a high-level USE CASE analysis and USE CASE diagrams
23
-
8/3/2019 Green Land Cap Ing Assignment
24/27
produced. SEQUENCE and COLABORATION diagrams for the USE CASE
scenarios produced.
It was assumed that the files already exist and so the database behind the program.
This was used throughout the assignment precisely task2and3. Therefore there wasno need to enter the entire information of employees and customers of Green
Landscaping.
In the pseudocodes and the flowcharts a loop was being used. According to the size
of the files, the database can be increased or decreased as entries are added or
deleted. This database was assumed to be a rational one since this kind of
implementation is easier to work with. This is known as a flexible and easy to query
database.
Assumptions
All employees are paid on commission. (according to work one has done,
meaning no work no pay)
Employees have log books where time is recorded. Job start and job finish.
Customers pay directly to employees.
Each employee has his own regular customers.
Weaknesses
There are no graphical presentations in these reports.
The reports are not flexible to allow other information that the owner can require.
Recommendations
Work could have been improved by the introduction of CRC (Class Responsibility
and Collaboration) cards in the production of reports and class diagrams in this
assignment as shown on the site (CRC white papers). CRC cards are used toidentify various objects and classes in the system (ProgrammingMethods 2001).
24
-
8/3/2019 Green Land Cap Ing Assignment
25/27
Production of CRC cards is done through brainstorming session where system
expects and domain expects are gathered each asked views of the system.
These views are then filtered and the final output of CRC card is produced.
The systems in this assignment are model using UML techniques. According to
MartinFowler (2004), state that diagrams can also be used to in modelling
systems. State diagrams, shows the various states or stages through which an
object goes through a system.
Activity diagrams could be also used for this system. Activity diagrams keep track
of the various activities in a system as well as the decision points in the system
(Programming methods 2001).
Object oriented methods would be appropriated for object oriented languages
such as such as visual basic, java++ and python.
The structured methods would be appropriate for structured languages like
Pascal and lower version of Visual basic such as version 6 and below.
End
Bibliography
1. Visual Basic 2005,
Gary B. Shelly, Thomas J. Cashman, Corinne Hoisington
Published by Golgotha training services Ltd 2007
Printed by B & Jo enterprice Pte Ltd
Singapore
2. Programming methods Version 1.1
25
-
8/3/2019 Green Land Cap Ing Assignment
26/27
Published by NCC education Ltd 2007
The Towers, The Towers Business Park
Wilmslow Road, Didsbury
Manchester M20 2EZ
UK
3. Mr Paul
IDM Visual Basic consultant
P.O. Box 1534
Mbabane, Swaziland H100
4. Mr Courage
IT consultant
P.O. Box 1534
Mbabane, Swaziland
26
-
8/3/2019 Green Land Cap Ing Assignment
27/27