We Know.Teleplan Consulting, Fornebuveien 31, P.O. Box 69, 1324 Lysaker, Norway -- www.teleplanconsulting.no -- @TeleplanConsult

Green IT

Teleplan ConsultingEven

Solberg

Trends

Business

Ecology

Different Meanings to Different People

Global Green Mantra

Goals of Green IT

Reduce the use of hazardous

materials

Maximize energy

effi ciency

Promote recyclability or biodegradabilit

y

Things That Are Smart To Do•Goodwill•Brand•Reputation

Things We Should Do•Economics•Ethics•Policies•Social responsibilities

Things We Must Do•Rules & Regulations

Why Green IT?

Economy

The Problem

ToxinsPowerDisposa

l

Toxins

Contents• Lead in CRT and solder• Arsenic in older CRTs• Antimony trioxide flame retardant

in chassis• Polybrominated flame retardants

in casings, cables and circuit boards

• Selenium in power supply rectifier• Cadmium in circuit boards and

semiconductors• Chromium corrosion protection in

steel• Cobalt in steel for structure and

magnetism• Mercury in switches and housing

Your Average PC

Power Consumption

• 80% of businesses have never conducted an energy audit*

• 29% are investing in energy efficient PCs

• Cooling expenses:

1996 - 17%

2006 - 48%

>78%

* 2006

Power and Cooling

• Power Usage Effectiveness (PUE)– Measure of how efficient

a computer data center uses its power

• Data center infrastructure efficiency (DCIE) = 1/PUE

Scenario PUE

Current Trends 1.9

Improved Operations 1.7

Best Practices 1.3

State-of-the-Art 1.2

People

Processes

Infra-

structur

e

MODERN IT

SYSTEMS

Asset LifecycleV

en

do

rC

usto

me

r

Focus Areas and Activities

Design for sustainability

Energy efficiency

Power management

Datacenter design, layout & localization

Server Virtualization

Disposal & Recycling

ComplianceMetrics, assessments, methodology

Risk mitigation

Renewable energy

Eco-labeling

Green IT Approaches

Algorithmic Effi ciency

Virtualization• Automation• Cloud Computing

Terminal Servers• Thin Clients• Desktop

Virtualization

Power Management• Power supply• Storage• Video Card• Display• OS Issues• Power over Ethernet

Materials Recycling

Telecommuting

Research

Algorithmic Efficiency

• Efficiency of algorithms impacts the amount of computer resources needed for any given computing function

• Many efficiency trade-offs in writing programs

• Every Google search produces 0.2 grams CO2 *

– 91 million searches per day– 18.2 metric tonnes of CO2 per day– 546.6 tonnes per month– 6559.2 tonnes per year

– Audi A4 = ~187 g/km– 30.000 km/year = 5.61 tonnes– Google = ~1170 Audi A4

• Algorithms can route data to data centers where electricity is less expensive.

• MIT++ project up to 40% savings on energy cost

* According to Google

Virtualization

• Abstraction of computer resources

• Separate physical and logical resources– 1 : Many– Many : 1– Many : Many

10-20%

80-90%

Automation

• Automate repetetive tasks– If it can be

automated, it should• Less risk of errors• Better operational

efficiency• Move resources

based on demand– Power down unused

equipment

Automation in Practice

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Nkv0fhu-m2k

Cloud Computing

• Elastic capacity• Virtualized• Automated• Pay for what you use• Relinquish capacity

that you don’t need

Terminal Servers & Thin Clients

• Users connect to central server

• All processing is done at server level– User experiences OS– OS is shared between

users• Combined with thin

clients– Use up to 1/8 the

amount of power

Desktop Virtualization

• Separating a personal computer desktop environment from the physical machine

• Client-server computing model

• Virtualized desktop is stored on a remote central server– Instead of on the local

storage of a remote client

• Offers a full client OS– Not shared with others

Power Management

• APM ACPI– Allows the OS to directly

control power saving of hardware

– Allows a system to turn off components

– Hibernation• Powering down idle PCs

can save 40 – 80% power• New CPUs can regulate

voltage based on load

http://download.cnet.com/Auto-Shutdown-Manager/3000-2084_4-10717816.html?tag=mncol

Power Supply

• Generally 70-75% efficient– Remaining energy =

heat• «80 PLUS» certifies PSUs

that are at least 80% efficient– Typically drop-in

replacements• Energy Star 4.0-certified

desktops must be at least 80% efficient

Storage

• Physically small drives consume less power– Low capacity flash-based

SSDs better than HDDs– High capacity flash, and

DRAM-based drives use more power

• Depending on use, fast SSDs may still be a better option– Replace RAID-0 for temp

storage• Price per GB has fallen,

leading to increased online storage– Reducing power draw to storage

arrays important

Video Card

• Fast GPU may be largest power consumer in PC

• Efficient display options include– No video card

• Shared terminal• Shared thin client• Desktop sharing

software– Motherboard video

• Low 3D performance• Low power

– Select GPU based on average wattage or performance per watt

Display

• LCDs use cold-cathode flurescent bulb to provide light for display

• Newer display use array of LEDs– Reduces amount of

electricity used• OLED uses half as much

power as LCD

Operating System Issues

• Microsoft OS’es have traditionally not been «green»– Windows 7 is better

• Apple was bad– Has gotten good

• Green Linux– Linux Foundation project

• Several software products exist to help– Auto Shutdown Manager– PowerMAN– Faronics Power Save– 1E Night Watchman– …

Materials Recycling

RepurposeDonate• Charities• NPOs

Recycle• Salvage Retailers• Municipal Recycling• Computing supplies

• Cartridges, paper, batteries, …

Telecommuting

• Many advantages– Employee satisfaction– Greenhouse gas reductions– Lower overhead cost

• Office space• Heat• Lighting• Parking

• Significant savings– US avg annual: 23 kwh/sqft

~248 kwh/sqm

– Heat, A/C, light = 70%• Other initiatives reduce sqft

per employee– Hotelling, virtual desk, …

OPPORTUNITY

Adoption

Source: Symantec, October 2007

Our Contribution

Rules & Regulations• Requirement

Analysis• Systemize

• Technical• Process• Organization

• Impact analysis• Risk Management

• Verification• QA Test

Internal Policies• Develop • QA• Implement

Best Practices• Energy Audit• Advice

• Technology• Design• Processes• Organization• Purchasing

We Know.Teleplan Consulting, Fornebuveien 31, P.O. Box 69, 1324 Lysaker, Norway -- www.teleplanconsulting.no -- @TeleplanConsult

Green IT

Teleplan ConsultingEven

Solberg