GUIDED-INQUIRY PROJECTS AND EXPERIMENTS CHRISTINA NORING HAMMOND VASSAR COLLEGE POUGHKEEPSIE, NY.
Green Infrastructure in the Hudson...
Transcript of Green Infrastructure in the Hudson...
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New York State Water Resources Institute
Green Infrastructure in the Hudson Valleyin the Hudson Valley
May 17, 2011
Emily Vail
Hudson River Estuary ProgramNew York State Department of Environmental Conservation
In cooperation with Cornell University NYS Water Resources Institute
NYS Department of Environmental Conservation
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Presentation OutlinePresentation Outline
• Hudson River Estuary Program• Hudson River Estuary Program
• Green Infrastructure Examples in the Hudson Valleyin the Hudson Valley
• Trees for Tribs
• Case Study: Monitoring• Case Study: Monitoring Biorentention in Poughkeepsie, NYg p ,
NYS Department of Environmental Conservation
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Hudson River Estuary ProgramHudson River Estuary Program
Core MissionCore Mission• Ensure clean water• Protect and restore fish,Protect and restore fish, wildlife, and their habitats
• Provide water recreation and river access
• Adapt to climate change• Conserve world‐famous scenery
NYS Department of Environmental Conservation
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Hudson River h dEstuary Watershed
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Green Infrastructure
• Network of natural and engineered systems, generally vegetated, that provide ecosystem services
• Manage stormwater runoff while maintaining or restoring natural hydrology– allow stormwater to infiltrate and be used by plants
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Green InfrastructureGreen Infrastructure
• Applies to both regionalApplies to both regional and local scales
• Number of benefits• Number of benefits– Water quality/quantity
– Improving habitatImproving habitat
– Cooling urban areas
– Beautifying neighborhoodsBeautifying neighborhoods
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Green Infrastructure Examples in the Hudson Valley
http://www dec ny gov/lands/58930 htmlhttp://www.dec.ny.gov/lands/58930.html
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Green Infrastructure Examples in the Hudson Valley
• Site‐specific practices for stormwater managment
• Engineered practices and natural features
• Includes a variety of locations and scales
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Albany
New York CityNew York City
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Rain GardensRain Gardens• Manage and treat small volumes of stormwater, filter runoff
through soil and vegetation within a shallow depressionthrough soil and vegetation within a shallow depression
Rockland County Park ClarkstownSUNY Orange, Middletown
Rockland County Park, Clarkstown
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Vegetated SwalesVegetated Swales• Natural drainage paths or vegetated channels used to
transport water above groundtransport water above ground
Subdivision, PawlingVillage Hall Greenwood LakeVillage Hall, Greenwood Lake
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Porous PavementPorous Pavement• Pervious types of pavements allow stormwater to infiltrate
through the surfacethrough the surface
Stewart
Village Hall, Greenwood Lake
Stewart Airport, New Windsor
Garrison Institute, Garrison
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Stream Buffer RestorationStream Buffer Restoration• A healthy vegetated buffer helps improve stream health and
water quality by filtering and slowing polluted runoff withwater quality by filtering and slowing polluted runoff, with many other benefits.
Dinsmore Park, Staatsburg
SUNY Orange, Middletown
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Stream Buffer Restoration:Stream Buffer Restoration:Hudson Estuary Trees for Tribs
• Free native trees and h b l lshrubs to plant along tributaries to the Hudson RiverRiver
• Watershed groups, land trusts, municipalities, schools, non‐profits, landowners, and more
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Hudson Estuary Trees for TribsHudson Estuary Trees for Tribs
• Plantings in the spring and fall
• We provide:– Plant material– Technical assistance– Site prep
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Trees for Tribs AccomplishmentsTrees for Tribs Accomplishments• Since the program began in 2007:
– 60,000 feet of stream buffers replanted
– 22,000 native trees and shrubs
– 2,900 volunteers
– 180 sites
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Case Study:Case Study: Monitoring Bioretention
• Vassar College, Poughkeepsie, NY
• Called “rain gardens”
• Redevelopment project summer 2008
• Water quality research conducted 2008‐2010
• Monitoring and imaintenance
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Redevelopment Site BeforeRedevelopment Site – Before
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Redevelopment Site AfterRedevelopment Site – After
Rain Garden 1
Rain Garden 2
Untreated Catch Basin
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Stormwater Quality SamplesStormwater Quality Samples
A l d f• Analyzed for:
– Total suspended lid (TSS)solids (TSS)
– Nutrients (Ni Ph h )(Nitrate, Phosphate)
– Heavy metals (C L d Zi )(Copper, Lead, Zinc)
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Rain Garden Catch Basin Untreated Catch Basin
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n = 6, samples from December 2008, March 2009, April 2009, August 2010, and October 2010
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n = 6, samples from December 2008, March 2009, April 2009, August 2010, and October 2010
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n = 6, samples from December 2008, March 2009, April 2009, August 2010, and October 2010
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R i G d 2 i l t R i G d 1 i l tRain Garden 2 inlet Rain Garden 1 inlet
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n = 6, samples from December 2008, March 2009, April 2009, August 2010, and October 2010
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SummarySummary• Rain gardens are effective at removing TSS
– Consistent with many other studies
• May be net exporters of nutrients (affected by• May be net exporters of nutrients (affected by the growing season)– Some studies found that although total N and P reduced, inorganic nutrients increased
• Do not appear to moderate heavy metal loads– Laboratory studies show 88‐97% removal of metals from synthetic stormwater
Fi ld di li h l l l– Field studies slightly lower removal rates
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SSummary
• Water quality is very site specific based on• Water quality is very site‐specific, based on drainage area and other factors
G i f t t t f ti tl• Green infrastructure may not function exactly as we think it shouldI t t t it• Important to monitor (water quality or visual observation)observation)
• Adaptive management
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Monitoring ThroughMonitoring ThroughVisual Observations
• Increased retention time for stormwater
• Post construction management issues• Post‐construction management issues– Flow patterns
P i l di– Potential sediment sources
Oth– Other concerns
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Flow PatternsFlow Patterns
InletInlet
Site grading ‐ water not flowing into rain gardensflowing into rain gardens
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Potential Sediment SourcesPotential Sediment Sources
Catch Basin
Sediment
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Other Management Concerns
• Water flow through soil– Infiltrating too quickly?
• Plant growth
• Establishment of weedsEstablishment of weeds
• Need maintenance to ensure stormwaterensure stormwater benefits (water quantity and quality)q y)
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C l iConclusions• Green infrastructure has the potential to really p ybenefit communities
• Many examples of projects in the Hudson Valley, and more are on the way
• Need to design, construct, and maintain properly
• Monitoring sites can help ensure that they are functioning correctly
• Using case studies and local examples to guide outreach and support future projects
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New York State Water Resources Institute
Emily VailWatershed Outreach Specialist p
(Green Infrastructure)[email protected]
(845) 256‐3145
Hudson River Estuary ProgramNew York State Department of Environmental Conservation
In cooperation with Cornell University NYS Water Resources Institute
NYS Department of Environmental Conservation
In cooperation with Cornell University NYS Water Resources Institute