WHAT IS A GREEN ECONOMY?

• A Green Economy is one that results in increased human well-being and social equity, while significantly reducing environmental risks and ecological scarcities.

• It is an economy that results in reducing environmental risks and ecological scarcities, and that aims for sustainable development without degrading the environment

WHY A GREEN ECONOMY?

• Initiative born out of multiple crises and accelerating resource scarcity

• An economic vehicle for sustainable development

• Can take advantage of new growth trajectories designed to be more socially inclusive, as well as responsive to poverty reduction and economic diversification objectives

• A new economic paradigm that can drive growth of income and jobs, without creating environmental risks

OPPORTUNITIES OF GREEN ECONOMY

• Can reduce poverty and inequality. Inextricable link between poverty alleviation and wise management of natural resources and ecosystems

• Ecosystem services provide 47% to 90% of the so-called ‘GDP of the poor’

• Common interest between developed and developing countries

• Partnership of policymakers and business community

• Crucial to prioritize spending in sectors that can simultaneously

promote social, economic and environmental gains

• ODA and South-South cooperation

GREEN JOB

• According to the United Nations Environment Program, “green job is to work in agricultural, manufacturing, research and development (R&D), administrative, and service activities that contribute(s) substantially to preserving or restoring environmental quality.

• Specifically, but not exclusively, this includes jobs that help to protect ecosystems and biodiversity; reduce energy, materials, and water consumption through high efficiency strategies; de-carbonize the economy; and minimize or altogether avoid generation of all forms of waste and pollution

SECTORS OF GREEN ECONOMY

Karl Burkart defines a green economy as based on six main sectors

o Renewable energy

o Green buildings

o Sustainable transport

o Water management

o Waste management

o Land management

RENEWABLE ENERGY

• Renewable energy is generally defined as energy that comes from resources which are naturally replenished on a human timescale

• Renewable energy replaces conventional fuels in four distinct areas: electricity generation, hot water/space heating, motor fuels, and rural (off-grid) energy services

• Types of renewable energy: Solar Energy Wind Energy

Geothermal Energy Bioenergy

Hydropower Ocean Energy Hydrogen & Fuel Cells Green Power

GREEEN BUILDING

• “Green Building” design and construction is the opportunity to use our resources more efficiently, while creating healthier and more energy-efficient homes.

• Green building design involves finding the delicate balance between homebuilding and the sustainable environment.

• The common objective of green buildings is to reduce the overall impact of the built environment on human health and the natural environment by:

Efficiently using energy, water, and other resources

Protecting occupant health and improving employee productivity

Reducing waste, pollution and environmental degradation

SUSTAINABLE TRANSPORT

• Sustainable transport refers to the broad subject of transport that is or approaches being sustainable.

• Transportation sustainability is largely being measured by transportation system effectiveness and efficiency as well as the environmental impacts of the system.

• Sustainable transport solution (STS) may include:

WATER MANAGEMENT

• Water management promotes the coordinated development and management of water, land and related resources, in order to maximize the resultant economic and social welfare in an equitable manner without compromising the sustainability of vital ecosystems.

• Water management may includes: Water Recycling

Managing water in urban settings Low-water Landscaping

Water Purification Storm water Planning

WASTE MANAGEMENT

• Waste management is the "generation, prevention, characterization, monitoring, treatment, handling, reuse and residual disposition of solid wastes".

• The term usually relates to materials produced by human activity, and the process is generally undertaken to reduce their effect on health, the environment or aesthetics.

• There is a wide array of issues relating to waste management and those areas include:

Waste minimization ,Recycling and reuse Storage, Collection, transport and transfer , Treatment

Landfill disposal Environmental considerations , Financial and marketing aspects

Policy and regulations , Education and training Planning and implementation.

LAND MANAGEMENT

• Land management is process of managing the use and development (in both urban and rural settings) of land resources.

• Land resources are used for a variety of purposes which may include organic agriculture, reforestation, water resource management and eco-tourism projects.

• Land management may includes: Organic Agriculture

Habitat Conservation Restoration Urban Forestry & Parks

Reforestation & Afforestation Soil Stabilization

SOME CHALLENGES

• Multilateral trading system

• Technological innovation and transfer

• Global intellectual property

• Extent of private investment in the

development of environmentally-sound

technologies

SURVEY QUESTION – 1

DO YOU KNOW ABOUT THE TERM " GREEN ECONOMY " ?

KNOW DON'T KNOW

SURVEY QUESTION – 2

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

SOLAR PANEL ALTERNATIVE OF PAPER ENERGY SAVING BULBS AC/ HEATER AEROSOLS

AT HOME

AT WORKPLACE

USE OF THESE AT HOME / WORKPLACE

SURVEY QUESTION – 3

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

GREEN ENERGY

REDUCE PAPER USE

RECYCLING WASTE PRODUCTS

WATER TREATMENT WITHOUT CHEMICALS

REDUCE INSECTISIDE USE

A PRICE FOR CARBON

REDUCE USE OF CFS EMITING PRODUCTS

GOVERNMENT INITIATIVES

PUBLIC AWARENESS

ENVIRONMENT FRIENDLY VEHICLES

MOST

MUCH

LESS

WHICH OF THE FOLLOWINGS ARE LESS , MUCH OR MOST IMPORTANT FOR MAKE OUR WORLD GREEN

SURVEY QUESTION – 4

DO YOU HAVE ANY IDEA ABOUT THE GREEN ECONOMY ACTIVITIES AROUND THE WORLD ?

KNOW

DON'T KNOW

SURVEY QUESTION – 4

80% people have ideas about the followings:

• Wind mill in Europe

• Solar panels of Bangladesh

• Use of bicycle in many countries

• Electricity production from the waste in Germany

• Olympic stadium in England , which make carbon free structures

• Fuel efficient cars in developed countries

SURVEY QUESTION – 5

Tree plantation

Work at daylight

Reduce motor vehicles

Use bicycle

Reduce polythene use

Reduce chemical use

Produce electricity from waste products

SUGGEST 2 NEW IDEAS WHICH CAN INCREASE THE EFFORT OF GREEN ECONOMY

GREEN ECONOMY IN BANGLADESH

The state shall endeavor to protect and improve the environment and to preserve and safeguard the natural resources, biodiversity, wetlands, forests and wildlife for the present and future citizens.

[The Article 18 A of the Constitution of the People’s Republic of Bangladesh ]

• In 1996, Grameen Bank founded Grameen Shakti , improved cooking stoves and Biogas programmers. All these projects are environment friendly

• A private financial institution, namely IIDFCL, took a CDM project to help build 18 environment-friendly brick kilns of HHK technology which is 50 per cent energy efficient and as such, 50 per cent less polluting

• Bangladesh Bank has developed a fund of some Tk 2.0 billion, under its refinancing scheme, to promote environment friendly projects.

• The government of Bangladesh runs IDCOL , which has set a target of installing some 1.0 million SHS by 2012, while under its CDM project (POA), it would install a total of 30,000 SHS in the country.

• This CDM project will help reduce a significant amount of CO2 per annum and earn carbon revenue.

• IDCOL has financed biomass based power project too

( From - Green economy: Bangladesh perspective, by Shafiqul Alam )

SOME MAJOR PROBLEMS IN LEAST DEVELOPED

COUNTRIES LIKE BANGLADESH

• Low levels of carbon emissions

• Relatively low investments in technologies

• More dependent on natural resources →

ecosystem degradation, resource scarcity and

climate change challenges to ending poverty

• Investments, policy reforms and maximize

local knowledge are needed

ENABLING CONDITIONS FOR A GREEN ECONOMY

• Establish sound regulatory frameworks

• Remove harmful subsidies (e.g. fossil fuels, fisheries)

• Prioritize green investment

• Utilize market mechanisms and taxation

• Build capacity through training and technology transfer

• Transform consumption patterns – not just technology!

• Use poverty alleviation/MDG targets

• Policy coherence

• Private sector engagement

• Local authorities’ engagement

• Public awareness & mobilisation

• Intergovernmental co-operation

ROLE OF GOVERNMENTS

• National development plans and strategies

• Key sectors of GE: Energy and Agriculture

• Low-carbon systems

• “Double dividend” policies: employment and green growth

• Labour market adjustment: high labour mobility-income security and national and education systems

• Weaknesses of a “business as usual” approach