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Transcript of Green Buildings Pebs
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GREEN PRE ENGINEERED
BUILDINGS
B y
D.V.L.VARDHAN
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INTRODUCTION:
The National Geographic Society in association with GlobeScan, an internationally reputed poll
firm developed the Greendex. It is a rating system that has been incorporated to gauge the extent of
impact that consumption patterns have on the environment. The survey was conducted in 17 countries
in 2009 and the results were quite interesting. The developing economies like India, Brazil and China had
topped the charts whereas the developed economies like US, Canada and Japan languished at the
bottom. In fact India was rated as the greenest country in the world.
Greendex Map of the World
The rating system depicts the shortfall in the standard of living in the developing economies and
the high emissions associated with life styles in the developed economies. The developing economies
will have to take a course where the economic outlook improves but not the emissions attached with it.
On the other hand developed economies have to focus on a lesser emission based consumption pattern.
Therefore the need of the hour is to look for concrete solutions that cater to the exigencies.
The measures that need to be taken should be wide ranging, encompassing several sectors like
energy, transportation, logistics, industries, commercial spaces etc. Moreover buildings are considered
to be the major source for emissions throughout their life cycle. Therefore a very pertinent paradigm of
green buildings has been evolved to negate the malignant effects associated with them.
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GREEN BUILDINGS
A Green Building, also known as a sustainable building, is a structure that is designed, built,
renovated, operated, or re-used in an ecological and resource efficient manner.
Objectives of a green building:
Protecting occupant health
Improving employee productivity
Using energy, water and other resources more efficiently
Reducing overall impact to the environment
Optimal environmental and economic performance
Satisfying and quality indoor spaces
CONSIDERATIONS FOR GREEN BUILDINGS
Control erosion to reduce negative impacts on water and air quality
Reduce pollution and land development impacts from automobile use
Limit disruption of natural water hydrology by reducing impervious cover, increasing on-site
infiltration and managing storm water run-off
Encourage and recognize increasing levels of self supply through renewable technologies to
reduce environmental impacts associated with fossil fuel energy use
Provide a high level of individual occupant control of ventilation and lighting systems to support
good health, better productivity and a comfortable atmosphere
Provide a connection between indoor spaces and outdoor environment through theintroduction of sunlight and views into the occupied areas of the building
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Parameters for a Green Building:
The following aspects of the building design are looked into in an integrated way in a green building:
Site planning
Building envelope design
Building system design HVAC(heating ventilation and air conditioning), lighting, electrical, and water
heating
Integration of renewable energy sources to generate energy onsite.
Water and waste management
Selection of ecologically sustainable materials (with high recycled content, rapidly renewable
resources with low emission potential, etc.).
Indoor environmental quality (maintains indoor thermal and visual comfort and air quality)
RATING SYSTEM FOR GREEN BUILDINGS
At present in India there are two rating systems,
LEED
GRIHA
LEED RATING SYSTEM:
Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) is a rating system developed and
managed by the US Green Building Council (USGBC).
Buildings are rated as Platinum, Gold, Silver or Certified based on fulfillment of certain criteria.
The LEED rating system in US exists for various sectors like
New commercial construction
Major renovation projects
Existing building operation and maintenance
Homes
Schools Commercial Interiors
LEED ratings for health care and labs are on the anvil.
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INDIAN SCENARIO:
The Confederation of Indian Industries (CII) and Godrej group had collaborated to set up the
Indian Green Building Council at Hyderabad.
IGBC basically facilitates the LEED ratings of the USGBC in India. They were launched in 2001.
IGBC offers rating systems in the following formats
IGBC GREEN HOMES
IGBC GREEN FACTORY BUILDING
LEED INDIA FOR NEW CONSTRUCTION
LEED INDIA FOR CORE AND SHELL
IGBC GREEN FACTORY BUILDING RATING SYSTEM:
The principal idea behind conceptualizing such a rating system is to provide impetus for green
and sustainable factories.
Benefits
Reduction in usage of energy (30-40 %)
Reduction in usage of water resources (20-30 %)
Reduction in green house gas emissions
Better handling of waste products
Improvement in the productivity of workers
Improvement in the health and safety of workers.
The IGBC Green factory rating system caters to new factories and existing factories as well.
The IGBC Green factory rating system looks into the following parameters
Site Selection and Planning
Water Conservation
Energy Conservation
Material conservation
Indoor environment quality and occupational health
Innovation and design process
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LEAD INDIA NC
In India 20 % of the electricity is consumed by buildings. Urbanization has contributed towards this
cause. With economic progress the emissions associated with buildings are going to rise.
Thus IGBC has come up with LEED INDIA NC rating. It is for commercial, institutional and high rise
residential buildings. It tries to address issues like
Sustainable Sites
Water Efficiency
Energy & Atmosphere
Materials & Resources
Indoor Environment Quality
Innovation & Design Process
GRIHA RATING SYSTEM
GRIHA is an acronym for Green Rating for Integrated Habitat Assessment .
It is tool that has been developed by TERI and has been adopted by the Ministry of New and Renewable
Energy
GRIHA is a rating tool that helps people assesses the performance of their building against certain
nationally acceptable benchmarks.
It evaluates the environmental performance of a building holistically over its entire life cycle, thereby
providing a definitive standard for what constitutes a green building
POINT SYSTEM FOR GRIHA
Points scored Rating
50-60 One star
61-70 Two star
71-80 Three star
81-90 Four star
91-100 Five star
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POINTS FOR IGBC GREEN FACTORY CERTIFICATION LEVELS
Certified 51-60 Silver 61-70
Gold 71-80 Platinum 81-100
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GREEN PRE ENGINEERED BUILDINGS
Pre engineered buildings per se are environmentally benign to a certain degree. They negate the
usage of buildings materials that have considerable amount of emissions. For example in a typical PEBthe usage of cement and concrete is minimal when compared to a conventional building.
There are some innate features of a PEB which brings it close to being a green product. Some of them
are:
The principal building material that is used in a pre engineered building is steel. Steel has the
greatest advantage of being both recycled and recyclable
Pre engineered buildings are resource optimized. PEB structures are made using proprietary
software that optimizes the inputs. The precision thus obtained with the help of software can
save a lot of steel, thus reducing the costs.
The pre engineered buildings are light in weight compared to other buildings, thus making the
foundation more sustainable.
Special reflective materials and coatings can reduce the heat absorption capacity of the building.
For example Cool metal roofing has high reflectivity and the loss is minimal over its life.
Insulation in PEB can regulate the temperature inside the building, thus regulating the usage of
energy.
But in order to be rated as a green building emphasis has to be laid on several other aspects and better
packaging is also needed to be done in order to be certified by a rating agency.
Markets in India are not yet well verse in the practices that are followed for a typical green PEB. On the
other hand certain companies, especially in US seem to have done considerable amount of work in this
regard. Therefore in order to gain a perspective it would be pertinent to look at these companies to try
and understand the products and services they offer. The companies which are active in the field of
green PEB are Nucor, NCI etc.
NUCOR
Nucor is the largest steel recycler in the US. In 2008 Nucor recycled a quantity of scrap steel in excess of
20 million tons. Nucor's steel making processes are supposed to have lower emissions than integrated
steel making operations. Nucor's energy consumption per ton of steel produced is much lower than that
of integrated mills
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Nucor offers certain products and services which help the customer obtain LEED ratings for the building.
We should note that the LEED Rating System rates the aggregate system of the building and
individual components of the building do not, by themselves earn points
How Nucor facilitates LEED ratings
Recycled steel
Nucor buildings are made from recycled steel
Nucor uses Electric Arc Furnace technology at its steel recycling facilities.EAF use scrap steel as major
feedstock unlike blast furnaces that use mined ore.
Recycled Steel Content of Nucor Products
Nucor bar product 97.7 %
Nucor beam products 76.2 %
Nucor plate products 92.5%
Nucor sheet products 70.2 %
Total Nucor steel combined 89.7 %
Heat Island Effect
NBS offers two standard white (SP Polar White or Kynar Regal White) CFR finish options that exceed the LEED
Solar Reflectance Index (SRI) requirement of 78.
Use of Regional Materials
Nucor has several plant sites scattered in US. This facilitates use of regional materials, thus reducing the
shipment costs and associated emissions.
Recyclability
The steel that is used by Nucor are 100 % recyclable.
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Points Earned By Using Nucors Products
LEED Section * SubjectPotential
PointsNBS Contribution
MR Credit 4.1 & 4.2 Recycled Content 2 NBS Recycled Content over 89%
SS Credit 7.2 Heat Island Effect:
Roof
1 NBS Offers 2 roof paints with Solar
Reflectance Index (SRI) over 78
MR Credit 5.1 & 5.2 Use of Regional
Materials
2 NBS multiple plant locations and
Nucor domestic steel mills can oftencontribute to the use of regional
materials. This varies based on the job
site. The local plant will assist indetermining regional content
MR Credit 3.1 & 3.2 Materials Reuse 2 All NBS steel materials are 100%recyclable in the future.
NCI
LEED - POINT CHART
This chart presents some of the ways NCI Metal Building products can help you earn points toward
LEED Certification.
LEED-NC Metal Building Credit Guide
1
Name DescriptionNumber of
Points2 Reason
SS Credit5.1
Site Development:
Protect or RestoreHabitat
1 Being shop fabricated, NCI metal buildingsallow field assembly using a minimal workarea.
SS Credit7.1
Heat Island Effect:
Non-roof
Up to 2 (1 plus 1
ExemplaryPerformance
point4)
By deploying parking covers with NCI roof
products, 1 point is earned for 50% ofspaces covered, and an exemplary
performance point can be earned for100% of spaces covered.
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SS Credit7.2
Heat Island Effect:
Roof
1
Our Snow White, Ivory, Bone White, and
Solar White colors meet the low-sloperequirement and all NCI colors meet the
steep slope requirement of this credit.
EA Credit 1Optimize EnergyPerformance
Up to 10
By utilizing NCI cool roof colors 3 and
insulated metal panels in your energymodels, you can reduce external loadsand downsize HVAC equipment to help get
the most points possible.
MR Credit
4.1 and MRCredit 4.2
Recycled Content:
10% and 20%Up to 2
Depending on the nature of the project,
NCI metal buildings will contain between25% and 60% recycled steel by weight5.
(Post-consumer + Pre-consumer) On a
typical project, this will represent about40% of our contract value.
MR Credit
5.1 (under
LEED-NC2.0 and 2.1only)
Regional Materials
: 20%ManufacturedRegionally
1
NCI is comprised of a network ofcompanies operating 39 manufacturing
facilities across the United States andMexico. This network maximizes theamount of material manufactured within a
500 mile radius of most points in the US.
EQ Credit8.1
Daylight and
Views:Daylight75% of spaces
1
NCIs insulated light transmitting panels
are excellent diffusers when utilized onthe roof or walls.
Thus PEB companies in India can take up similar measures and provide green solutions. Such
measures will help the companies in diversifying their product base and at the same time position
themselves as an environmental friendly company.