Greek architecture 2015 16, Mrs. Hill, Art History, CCA

PARTS OF A GREEK TEMPLE

Naos (cella in Latin) room in which the statue of the god was kept.

Pronaos porch

Opisthodomos back porch

Peristyle encircling colonnade

Stylobate top step of the platform on which the temple is built

Pediment the triangle formed by the roof at each end of the temple. Sometimes filled with sculpture.

Saturday, August 1, 15

Parts of a Greek Temple


DORIC ORDER

* Massive and simple* columns are topped by a cushion like, undecorated

capital, which is supported bya plain undecorated architrave* The architrave supports the

frieze which consists of alternating triglyphs and

metopes* There was one triglyph over

each column and onebetween each pair of columns


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Temple of Hera at Olympia ca 600 BC

Destroyed by an earthquake in the 4th century and never rebuilt. It is the start of the Olympic flame in modern times for the Olympic games.


Temple of Zeus at Olympia (illustration)

ca 460 BC


Temple of Hephaestus ca 415 BC

One of the best preserved examples of Greek architectureIt is located at NW side of the Athenian Agora (gathering place)


Propylaea entrance to the Acropolis


ParthenonArchitects: Ictinus and Callicrates 448-432 BC

Temple to Athena at the Acropolis. It is the perfect embodiment of Doric architecturealthough it contains some Ionic elements (an undivided frieze and 4 Ionic columns)


IONIC ORDER* More delicate and ornate

* Columns are slender restingon elaborate bases

* the capitals were scroll like (volutes)

* The frieze was undivided andsometimes decorated

with a continuous band of relief sculpture


Temple of Athena Nikeat the Acropolis 421-409 BC

Architect Callicrates


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Erechtheum421-409 BC

On the Acropolis Architect MNESICLES


Porch of the Maidens 6 Caryatids used as columns

South side of the Erechtheum


CORINTHIAN ORDER* a version of the Ionic order

* the capital is very elaborate and decorated with acanthus leaves

* invented at the end of the 5th c BC

*This order was used a great deal in Hellenistic Greece and Roman

times


Temple of Olympian Zeus


Greek architecture 2015 16, Mrs. Hill, Art History, CCA

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Transcript of Greek architecture 2015 16, Mrs. Hill, Art History, CCA