Greek and Latin Terms Used in Forming Scientific Names

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Some common Greek and Latin terms used in forming scientific names Latin/Greek word or part word English Latin/Greek word or part word English Latin/Greek word or part word English actino- ray gaster, gastro, gastr belly rhizum root acutus, acuta sharpened, pointed grandis large rhodo red alba, albus white haema, hema blood reptans creeping, crawling amphi- of both kinds, on both sides hali, halio of the sea, salt roseum pink ampulla bottle, flask haplo- simple, single rhis, rhino- nose angularis angle helios sun rhiza root anthropos man, human being hexa six rhynchos beak or snout aquaticus found in water hippo horse rostra beak, bill, snout aureum, aureus golden, gold coin hetero different ruber, rubra, rubrum red archaeos, archaeo- ancient hirsute hairy rufus reddish, red argentatus silvery homo human, ma n sativum common australis southern homo same striatus striated bi- two hydro water sanguis blood borealis northern hyper over, above sapiens wise brachys, brachy short hypo, hyp under, beneath sativus sown, cultivated bradys, brady slow indicus indian saura, -saur lizard branchia gills lateralis side septem- seven brevis short lepis a scale, rind, husk, flake sinensis from china

Transcript of Greek and Latin Terms Used in Forming Scientific Names

Page 1: Greek and Latin Terms Used in Forming Scientific Names

Some common Greek and Latin terms used in forming scientific names

Latin/Greek word or part word

EnglishLatin/Greek word or part word

EnglishLatin/Greek word or part word

English

actino- ray gaster, gastro, gastr

belly rhizum root

acutus, acuta sharpened, pointed

grandis large rhodo red

alba, albus white haema, hema

blood reptans creeping, crawling

amphi-of both kinds, on both sides

hali, halio of the sea, salt

roseum pink

ampulla bottle, flask haplo- simple, single

rhis, rhino- nose

angularis angle helios sun rhiza root

anthropos man, human being hexa six rhynchos beak or snout

aquaticus found in water hippo horse rostra beak, bill, snout

aureum, aureus

golden, gold coin hetero different ruber, rubra, rubrum

red

archaeos, archaeo-

ancient hirsute hairy rufus reddish, red

argentatus silvery homo human, man

sativum common

australis southern homo same striatus striated

bi- two hydro water sanguis blood

borealis northern hyper over, above

sapiens wise

brachys, brachy

short hypo, hyp under, beneath

sativus sown, cultivated

bradys, brady slow indicus indian saura, -saur lizard

branchia gills lateralis side septem- seven

brevis short lepis a scale, rind, husk, flake

sinensis from china

caecus blind leucos white or gray

specios- showy

caeruleus blue lineatus lined or striped

sperma seed

canis dog lobus lobed sphen- wedge

Page 2: Greek and Latin Terms Used in Forming Scientific Names

canus gray (haired), pale gray

luteus yellow stoma mouth, opening

cauda tail macro long, large striatus striped

maculates spotted tetra four

cephalum, cephale, cephalo

head major greater tres, tris, tri- three

ceps head maximus largest trich-, thrix hair

chloro, chloros green megas large, great

unus, uni one

chroma color melano black ura of the tail

chryso chryso micro small undulatis wavy

cola dweller minimus smallest ungulatis claw or hoof

corax crow, raven minor smaller viridis green

clado clado mono single virosus poisonous

coronatus crowned montanus mountains volans flying

costatus ribbed morpho shape vulgaris common

crass thick multi many variabilis variable

cristatus crested nanοs dwarf variegatum irregularly colored

communis society nona ninth ventralis ventral, of the belly

crena notch notos southern verrucosus rough skinned

dactylon finger novem nine versicolor rough skinned

nigra black vermis worm

cyanos blue nudus naked vulgaris common

dactylοs finger or toe obscurus dark xanthos yellow

deca ten occidentalis western zygos joined

decem ten octo-, octa- eight

derma skin -odon, -odus

tooth

dendro tree officinalis for the workshop; medicinal

dentatus tooth oleum oil

Page 3: Greek and Latin Terms Used in Forming Scientific Names

dino, deino terrible ophis serpent

di- two orientalis eastern

digitatus finger ortho- straight

Diplo- double pachy- thick

dodeca twelve palma palm

domesticus from the house, domestic

parvus small

dorsum back pedi- foot

dulcis sweet pelag- open sea

dolicho elongated, long penn- feather

echino- spiny pennatus winged

edulis edible penta five

elegans elegant phaeo brown

ennea nine phago- eat

ensatus sword pholis, pholid-

scale

erectus upright phyla, phyllo-

leaf

erythros, erythro

red phyto- plant

flavum yellow platy- flat or broad

floris flower poly manyfamiliaris domestic,

commonprotos first

folium leaf pter- wing

felis cat punctatus spotted

flavus golden yellow, light yellow

quadri four

fulvus deep yellow, tawny

quinta five

fuscus dark, dark brown quadri four

formis shape radiata ray

Page 4: Greek and Latin Terms Used in Forming Scientific Names

I. Based on specific epithet ALONE, describe each organism.

Organism Descriptione.g. Oryza sativa Oryza that is commonAllocasia macrorhizaBubalus mindorensisVigna radiata

Cheilodipterus quinquelineatusGingko bilobaHibiscus rosa-sinensisLeucaena leucocephalaNostoc communeBrassaia actinophyllaFicus benjamina

II. A short description of several unknown organisms are given. Write a possible specific epithet of each species based on what you have learned about nomenclature.

Organism Description Possible specific epithetEpinephelus A fish with hexagonal markingsFissidens A moss whose leaf margins are finely

notchedIpomoea A plant whose leaves have three lobesLoxia A bird that is endemic to the pine regions

of LuzonMicrococcus A bacterium that produces a yellow

pigment


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