Great Political Theorists That shaped America… and Canada too.
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Transcript of Great Political Theorists That shaped America… and Canada too.
Great Political Theorists
That shaped America…and Canada too.
Thomas Hobbes• 1588-1679• Witnessed times of
chaos, __________• Government was a
___________ force.• Governments must rule
over people because people are _______ and in ___________.
John Locke• 1632-1704
• People are ________ and __________.
• All laws need to fulfill a certain element of “cosmic justice.”
• Laws are _________ and must be enforced ________
• A true _________ government is a government by consent of the people.
• The more communication the less need for ____________.
Hobbes v. Locke• Hobbes
– No such thing as a “state of _____” this “state” is one of chaos, war, and ignorance.
– Religious Freedom: Government is man made, government creates rights, government did not create _____so religion and politics are _________.
• Locke– Believed that “state of
nature” is the core: Human laws must observe a certain _________ __________.
– Not only were the Founding Fathers meeting their human potential, but they were restoring this notion of cosmic justice or “God’s law.”
Who won the debate?
• They both did!• The Founding Fathers credit most to Locke, but
did not forget Hobbes.• They took a Hobbesian view that the _________
they and the people were creating would live or die on human merits, and in doing so raised the bar for what human ____, what ___________, should accomplish.
• Hobbes=Human Merit Locke=Cosmic Justice
Baron de Montesquieu
• 1689-1755• The best government
has three _______ parts that represent each part of ________.
• _______ supports the idea of separate powers.
• Human reason and morality are the ____.
Jean-Jacques Rousseau• 1712-1778
• The people have _____ the power (_______ ________) and it is inalienable, society corrupts but government is needed to enforce _________ ______!
• The Social Contract: Published in 1762 (Founding Fathers Contemporary)
• People need to _____ the state and the state needs to _____ people.
Karl Marx• 1818-1898• The ______ are the only
ones capable of ruling! (The Proletariat/worker)
• Revolution will overthrow the ___________ (wealthy).
• Workers of the world unite!– V.I. Lenin– Mao Zedong
Writings you should know…
• Two Treatises of Government, Locke: Outlined a society based on natural rights and contract theory.
• The Social Contract, Rousseau: Man must abandon their natural rights and come together in a civil society based in the social contract.
• The Spirit of the Laws, Montesquieu: A government should exist with three branches to represent each level of society.
• The Communist Manifesto, Marx: Outlines the struggle of the proletariat to free themselves from Bourgeois oppression. “Arbeiters des Weltes vereinigt!”