Great Britain and Ireland

Ireland

Great Britain1800s

Ch 8 section 2Social and Economic Reform in Britain

Vocabulary1. Free Trade

1. Trade between countries without tariffs or other restrictions

2. Tariff1. Tax on imported goods

Vocabulary cont.

3. Repeal1. To cancel or remove (a law)

4. Abolition1. To put an end to something

1. Abolition movement (to put an end to slavery)

5. Capital Offense1. Crimes punishable by death

6. Penal colony1. Settlements for criminals (prison)

Ch 8 section 2

Reforms in BritainEconomic Social Political

• Free Trade• better prices for consumers

• Abolition Movement• Against slavery• 1st to abolish slave trade

• Crime and Punishment• 200 Capital offenses• Changed to 4

• Murder• Piracy• Treason• Arson

• Working Conditions• Law against hiring

Children under 10.• Law against working

more than 10 hoursa day.

• Minimum wage law• next

• New Political Party• Labour Party

• Female Suffrage• Women’s right to

vote• 1918, women over 30 gained the right to vote• Ireland

• Irish hate the British• Wanted freedom

from Britain• Irish were allowed

to vote and hold Political office

Reforms in Britain

Economic Social Political• Unions

• Legal, but not allowed to strike• Public Education

• Became Free• Benefits

• Health insurance• Retirement plans• New cities• Previous

• Not allowed to speak their own language• Forced to pay English Church Taxes• Problem

• Irish wereCatholic, not

Protestant• Church taxes becameillegal.

HOMEWORK• How to access homework• http://teachers.yourhomework.com/RODRIGUEZ833/• Map of Great Britain and Ireland• Five questions from Ch 8 Section 3

– Write out questions and highlight answers• Answers must be complete sentences.

Great Britain and Ireland

Ireland

NorthernIreland

Scotland

Wales

England

Atlantic Ocean

English

Channel

North Sea

IrishSea

۞ Londo

n

Great Britain and Ireland

Ireland

NorthernIreland

Scotland

Wales

England

Atlantic Ocean

English

Channel

North Sea

IrishSea

۞ Londo

n

France

Homework Questions1. How did abolition and criminal justice reform reflect

Victorian values?• Abolition and criminal justice reform both reflected Victorian

values through their sense of morality.2. Describe several social reforms during the 1800s and

early 1900s.• Public health improved the lives of people seeking medical

attention. Improved housing helped working class from living in the horrible conditions of the tenements. Free public education helped all children learn how to read and write.

3. Why do you think women disagreed about how best to gain suffrage?

• Women disagreed about how to best gain suffrage, because of their large numbers. The more people involved, the more opinions there are, which will make agreement very difficult.

Homework4. Why did Irish Nationalists oppose British rule?

• Irish Nationalists opposed British rule because the British had taken possession of the best farmland in Ireland, which eventually caused the “Great Hunger.” British law also forced Irish Catholics to pay Protestant Church taxes and prohibited the teaching of the Irish language.

5. Explain how the Irish Potato Famine caused millions of deaths and emigration?

• The Irish Potato Famine caused millions of deaths and emigration, because the Potato was Ireland’s main staple (food). Without the Potato, the Irish began to die from starvation, and those who did not die, emigrated to other countries such as, the United States, Canada, and Australia.

Monopoly Quiz• Do the following companies have a monopoly?

Why or why not?1. Ford Motor Company2. Shell (gas station)

3. Gas Company (natural gas)

4. Verizon (internet service provider)

5. Sony DVD Players 6. Starbucks7. Blockbuster video8. Snickers9. Goodyear Tires10.Sharpie markers

CST of the Day

Wednesday, November 15, 2006• The English philosopher John Locke

argued that life, liberty, and property area) Political rights b) Natural rights c) Social rights guaranteed by the kingd) Economic rights gained through capitalism

The Irish Potato Famine

• 1845, disease destroyed the potato crop in Ireland– The Potato was a major food source for the

Irish• Caused hunger, death and migration• One million died of hunger• Over 4 million emigrated

• What is the difference between an emigrant and an immigrant?

Ch 8 section 3

Expansion of the US• Expansionism

– Policy of extending the nation’s boundaries.• Manifest Destiny

– The American belief that God wanted them to control the land between the Atlantic and Pacific Ocean.

• Cede– To surrender possession of land. (usually by treaty)

• Secede– To withdraw from

UnitedStates1783

United States in 1783

Territorial Expansion

• 1803, Louisiana Purchase– $15 million

• France

Manifest DestinyDrive Americans to conquer more land

video

United States after 1803Louisiana Purchase

United States after 1819Purchase Florida from Spain

United States after annexing Texas, 1845

United States after agreement with Britain, 1846

Mexican American War

United States after Mexican-American War1848 After the warTreaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo

United States after the Gadsden Purchase, 1853

Expanding Democracy

• 1800s in the United States– Only white men who owned property could

vote• Changed in 1830:

– all white men could vote

• Two major problems still existed1. Slavery2. Women could not vote

1. disenfranchised

American Civil War1861-1865

• What caused the American Civil War?– State’s rights

• Individual states wanted to keep their rights– Slavery

» Southern States, Texas, Alabama, Mississippi, Virginia, etc.– Southern States decided to secede from the US

• Who is the war between? – North vs. South– United States of America vs. Confederate States of America– Abraham Lincoln Jefferson Davis

VS NORTH

After the Civil War

• Slavery is abolished– Some African Americans gain power in

government• vote

• Then segregation begins– Legal separation of people by their race.

• Schools, restaurants, hospitals, restrooms, buses, trains, etc.

US after purchasing Alaska From Russia

1867

Expansion of US 1783-1867

US, 1783

LouisianaPurchase

1803From France

Florida cession

1819From Spain

Texas Annexation 1845

Mexican Session

Treaty of GuadalupeHidalgo

1848

1846, Oregon Territory

1848, Mexico

AlaskaPurchased

From Russia

1867

Homework

• Map of US Expansion• Use textbook, page 278• Go to website and print out blank map of

the United States.• http://teachers.yourhomework.com/RODRIGUEZ833/

CST of the Day

Monday, November 20, 2006Based on the map, from which country did Napoleon begin his invasion of Russia?

a) Grand Duchy of Warsawb) Prussiac) Franced) Sweden

CST of the Day

Monday, November 20, 2006Based on the map, from which country did Napoleon begin his invasion of Russia?

a) Grand Duchy of Warsawb) Prussiac) Confederation of the Rhined) Sweden

Russian Reform and Reaction

1. By 1815, Russia was the largest, the most populous, and a great world power.

2. Russia was a colossus/giant.3. Russian society was made up of nobles,

middle class and serfs4. What is a serf?

1. A slave to the land, not to the person.5. What is tsar?

1. Russian emperors who rule with absolute power

6. Who emancipated the serfs?1. Alexander II

7. Define emancipation;1. To free someone from the control of another.

8. What was one main problem with freeing the serfs?

1. Too poor to buy any land and they can’t support their families

9. Name one positive of freeing the serfs?1. Many of them moved to cities for factory jobs,

which caused improvements in industry and reform.

10.Name one reform that was introduced by the tsar

1. trial by jury, eased censorship, reduced military service, stopped some brutal discipline.

11. What caused Alexander III to revive the secret police, restore censorship, and exile enemies to Serbia?

1. They Assassinated his father Alexander the II12.What is Russification?

1. Forcing people to be Russian1. Language, religion, customs, traditions.

13.What are pogroms?1. Violent mob attacks on Jewish people

because they are different, which caused them to become refugees.

14.What is a refugee?1. Person who flees their homeland to seek

safety in another person.

Ch. 7 section 5 Russia Reform and Reaction

Vocabulary1. Colossus

• Giant

2. Emancipation• Freeing someone from the control of another.

3. Pogrom• Violent mob attacks on Jewish people

4. Refugee• People who flee their homeland to seek safety

elsewhere.

Russian, 1800s• Conditions in Russia

• Largest country• Most populated• One of the most powerful

• Ruler of Russia– Tsar (Emperor)

• Absolute power

• Social Structure1. Nobles 2. Middleclass3. Serfs

1. Majority of Russians

• Reason for freeing the serfs– Russia’s economy was behind in industry

• Few miles of railroads• Few inventions

• In 1861 , Alexander II emancipated the serfs• Problem with freeing the serfs

– Too poor to buy land• Unable to support their families

• Positives of freeing the serfs– Many moved to cities and found jobs in factories

• Created more businesses

• 1881, Alexander II was assassinated• Alexander III responded by reviving harsh

conditions• Increased the power of the secret police• Restored censorship• Enemies were exiled• Launched Russification

– Forced everyone to be Russian» Language, Religion, traditions, etc.» Jews, Muslims, Armenians, Poles, Finns, etc

• Alexander III encouraged attacks on the Jews– Pogroms

• Jews were beat and killed• Homes and businesses were burned

– Escaped by leaving Russia• Became Refugees

– Many ended up in the US.

Bloody Sunday• In 1905, Russia went to war with Japan

– Japan won• Caused Russians to protest against their govt.• Marchers in St. Petersburg were shot by soldiers• Caused the people to lose faith in the tsar.

• Revolution of 1905– Workers took over local govts.– Peasants took land– The tsar agreed to allow a legislature

• Only did this to stop the revolution

• Tsar then removed the legislature– Arrests, pogroms, and executions were

begun.• In the end nothing really changed for the

majority of the people in Russia

Tuesday, November 21, 2006 AD (CE)Based on the map, much copper and tin mining took place near the city of …

a) Norwichb) Cambridgec) Falmouthd) Durham

Tuesday, November 21, 2006 AD (CE)Based on the map, much copper and tin mining took place near the city of …

a) Norwichb) Cambridgec) Falmouthd) Durham

Homework Review• What is a serf?

– A person or laborer who is bound to the land. Serfs worked the land for a percentage of the crops it yielded and in return were protected by nobles against invaders. Unlike slaves, serfs were allowed to own land, however, a serf had to remain on the land even after it was sold by the owner. In terms of ranking, serfs formed the lowest social class in feudal society. Serfdom existed during the middle ages (5th to 16th Century) in Europe, and in Russia into the mid 1800s.

World Civilization Timeline• Judaism:

– 2000 BC Abraham led the Israelites to Egypt• Greece:

– 461 BC Peloponnesian Wars • Rome

– 44BC Julius Caesar was assassinated by the senate and his best friend Brutus

• Christianity:– Jesus was born in 4 BC or (1AD)

• Great Britain – 1215 AD King John was forced to sign the Magna Carta

• Americas– 1492 Columbus claims America for Spain

JudaismAbraham leads the

Israelites to Egypt

2000BC

World Civilization Timeline

461 BCPeloponnesian

WarIn Greece

• Great Britain – 1679; John Locke and idea of Natural Rights

• American Revolution: – 1776-1783: Americans defeated the British

and gained their independence• French Revolution

– 1789, the Third Estate gives the Tennis Court Oath, which begins the French Revolution

• Napoleon’s Rise and Fall – 1804 Napoleon crowns himself Emperor– 1815, Napoleon is exiled to St Helena

• Latin American Revolutions–Mexican Independence 1810-1821

• Texas Independence – 1836 Gained independence from Mexico

• Irish Potato Famine: – 1845-1849 Millions of Irish people died from famine

due to diseased potatoes.• Mexican American War

– 1846-48: US gained half of Mexico• American Civil War:

– 1861-1865 US defeated the Confederate States of America • 1865, slavery is abolished

• Industrial Revolution: – late 1800s, new inventions such as, the cotton gin,

radio, automobile, etc.